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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Correlation between middle turbinate and ipsilateral ethmoid histopathology in chronic rhinosinusitis.

OBJECTIVE: Study the concept of "rhinosinusitis" in patients with inflammatory paranasal sinus disease (IPSD). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective case control series in a tertiary care facility. Twenty-two consecutive patients with IPSD without polyposis were enrolled. A partial middle turbinectomy and ethmoidectomy were performed and the histopathologic findings of the surgical specimens from the 2 sites was studied. The general degree of inflammation, epithelial thickening, and inflammatory cell count were measured. RESULTS: The degree of middle turbinate inflammation correlated with that of the ipsilateral ethmoid sinus (Spearman's rho coefficient = 0.450; P < 0.05). Epithelial thickness was more prominent in the ethmoid sinus. The total inflammatory cell count was comparable. There was a statistically significant correlation among total inflammatory cell count, plasma cell count, and eosinophil count between the 2 sites. CONCLUSION: The ethmoid sinus inflammation in IPSD is accompanied by a commensurate ipsilateral middle turbinate inflammation. SIGNIFICANCE: The data support the use of the term "rhinosinusitis."

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Histology of the nasal septal swell body (septal turbinate).

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the vascular and glandular elements of the nasal septal swell body (NSB) and quantitatively compare these to the inferior turbinate (IT) and non-swell body portion of septum. STUDY DESIGN: Fourteen healthy adults undergoing septoplasty and IT reduction were submitted to unilateral biopsies of the NSB, the adjacent inferior turbinate, and inferior septum. Photomicrography with morphometric analysis was used to determine the relative area proportions of each tissue type. RESULTS: NSB was rich in seromucinous glands (49.9% +/- 7.0%) compared to IT (19.9% +/- 5.5%), P < 0.01. Conversely, IT mucosa demonstrated increased area proportion of venous sinusoids (28.3 +/- 13.9) compared to NSB (10.0 +/- 6.0), P < 0.01. Inferior septal mucosa had glandular and vascular elements similar in proportion to that of NSB. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: NSB is a highly glandular structure of the anterior-superior septum, with moderate proportion of venous sinusoids. Located at the distal valve segment, the NSB appears structured for secretory function and vasoactive airflow regulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Surgical treatment of inferior turbinate hypertrophy with argon plasma: a long-term follow-up in 157 patients].

Surgical treatment of the inferior turbinate in patients with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis that does not respond to medical treatment is a well established procedure. CO2 laser, YAG laser, KTP laser, conventional electrocautery, cryotherapy, chemosurgery and turbinectomy or submucosal turbinectomy have been performed for the removal of nasal obstruction. Argon Plasma Coagulation (APC) is a new, innovative technique in Otorhinolaryngology which is based on high-frequency electrocoagulation with an argon-gas source. The shorter surgical times, the absence of hemorrhagic complications and, in rhinosurgery, not requiring any kind of nasal packing are remarkable. Between March and November 2000, a group of 157 patients with symptoms of nasal obstruction due to hypertrophic inferior turbinates were treated using APC, at the Otorhinolaryngology Surgical Department of the Hospital of Dolo (Venice). The follow-up period was 24 months. Rhinomanometry was performed to objectively measure the nasal obstruction and to verify the postoperative improvement. The Student t-test was used for statistical data. After 24 months, 87% (p < 0.001) of patients reported to have a better nasal airflow than before the operation. None of the patients needed a nasal packing after APC surgery. We review and discus the indication, advantages, complications, controversies and long-term results of the treatment with APC in rhinosurgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Comparison of CT scan and electron microscopic findings on endoscopically harvested middle turbinates.

CT scans of eight nonsmoking patients with chronic sinusitis and two controls were graded for their disease severity (from 0 to IV) with the classification system proposed by May. Subsequently, endoscopically harvested middle turbinate specimens from these patients (16 diseased turbinates, 4 controls) were evaluated both by scanning and by transmission electron microscopy. As the severity of the disease increased as demonstrated by CT scan, electron microscopy of 5 x 3 x 0.05 mm mucosal specimens demonstrated that the number of ciliated cells decreased whereas the number of goblet and squamous cells increased. As the disease progressed to stages III and IV, scanning and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated areas of squamous metaplasia and areas completely denuded of epithelium. The increased goblet cell population, the loss of cilia and ciliated cells, and the patches of denuded epithelium may account for the recurrent bacterial infections and chronic nasal drainage seen in patients with chronic sinusitis. The extensive mucosal changes that occur in grade III and IV disease are similar to those occurring in cigarette smokers, and it takes years to recover after discontinuation of smoking. Delayed recovery of the mucosal epithelium may account for both the recurrent infections and the slower response to treatment on the part of patients with extensive grade III and IV changes on the CT scan.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2001

Pneumatization of the inferior turbinate.

Pneumatization of the inferior turbinate is an extremely rare intranasal anatomical variation. Only a few cases have been reported yet. In this paper we present two cases, one unilateral and one bilateral case with pneumatization of the inferior turbinate.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Solitary neurofibroma of the inferior nasal turbinate.

We present a case of neurofibroma of the nasal inferior turbinate operated under endoscopic control. A 29 year-old female reported progressive left-side nasal obstruction over the past year. Endoscopic examination revealed a mass arising from the left inferior turbinate. Evaluation of multiple sections of the mass by hematoxylin and eosin, S-100 protein and neuron specific enolasa stains showed the tumor to be a neurofibroma.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Carbon dioxide laser vaporization for turbinate: optimal conditions and indications.

UNLABELLED: Carbon dioxide (CO2) laser vaporization for turbinate has rapidly gained acceptance in Japan for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of laser output, patient age, and the presence of a deviated nasal septum on treatment outcome in patients with intractable allergic rhinitis. METHODS: The inferior turbinates were irradiated at an output of 3 or 5 W for 0.1 s. RESULTS: Of 67 patients, 43 (64.2%) were judged to have symptoms which improved markedly or moderately after a single treatment. Treatment was more effective with a laser output of 5 W than with an output of 3 W. However, treatment was judged less effective in patients aged 15 years or less than in older patients. The presence of a slightly deviated nasal septum had no effect on treatment outcome. CONCLUSION: Although assessing outcome on the basis of symptoms is difficult, we believe that these findings will suggest the optimal conditions and indications for laser surgery for allergic rhinitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Inferomedially projecting pneumatised secondary middle turbinate.

Secondary middle turbinate (SMT), a rare variation of the nasal cavity, is a bony projection covered by soft tissue that arises from the lateral nasal wall. It is almost always bilateral and usually projects superomedially without any ostiomeatal unit obstruction. Herein, we report a case of bilateral inferomedially projecting secondary middle turbinates, one of which is pneumatised and hypertrophied, resembling a large ethmoid bulla extending into the middle meatus. The recognition of this variation is important since it may predispose to inflammatory sinus disease, by narrowing the ostiomeatal unit.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

[Mucopyocele of the middle turbinate: a case report].

Mucopycocele of the middle turbinate is an uncommon disease. Most mucoceles are situated in the frontal and/or ethmoid sinuses. In this paper we will describe a mucopyocele of the middle turbinate associated with pansinus disease.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1987

Submucous diathermy of the inferior turbinates in chronic hypertrophic rhinitis.

Twenty patients, 10 allergic and 10 non-allergic, with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis and presenting mainly with bilateral nasal obstruction were subjected to submucosal diathermy of their inferior turbinates. There was significant post-operative improvement clinically, histopathologically and histochemically in the non-allergic group, while the improvement was less obvious in the allergic cases. The post-operative clinical improvement as regards rhinorrhea and sneezing was not as marked as that for nasal obstruction. Evaluation of the results showed that submucous diathermy of inferior turbinates is a good line of treatment for cases of chronic hypertrophic rhinitis, with better results in the non-allergic group of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Surgical reduction of the inferior turbinate in children: extended follow-up.

The effectiveness and safety of surgical reduction of the inferior turbinate was assessed in 22 children of 15 years and below. All were interviewed and assessed by means of a questionnaire seven to 51 months post-operatively. Sixty-eight per cent of the children reported a sustained improvement in their nasal airway. There were no significant post-operative complications in this series. In particular there were no cases of serious post-operative haemorrhage, excessive dryness or crusting of the nose. It is concluded that surgical reduction of the inferior turbinate is a safe and effective option in the treatment of children with severe nasal obstruction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Multiple submucosal out-fractures of interior turbinates.

Nasal obstruction caused by the inferior turbinate is a common clinical problem. There are many surgical procedures which attempt to relieve it, but all of them have associated difficulties. We describe, for the first time, a new method, namely multiple submucosal out-fractures of the inferior turbinates, which is both effective and free from serious complication.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

'Priapism' of the turbinates: a cause of nasal obstruction in sickle cell anaemia.

A cause of nasal obstruction in sickle cell anaemia not previously described in the literature is presented. The pathophysiology is the same as in priapism because of the similarities in the vascular arrangement of the turbinate and the penis. Various treatment options are considered but the best results were achieved by surgical reduction of the inferior turbinates.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1995

Nasal laser mucotomy (L-mucotomy) of the interior turbinates.

Eighty-seven patients who were treated by laser mucotomy (L-mucotomy) of the inferior turbinates were followed-up for one year. Patients presented for laser surgery because of one of the three following symptoms: sneezing, rhinorrhoea, or nasal obstruction. All of them had had prior conservative or surgical treatments for their symptoms without improvement in their complaints and/or quality of life. L-mucotomy is a simple procedure performed under local anaesthesia on an ambulatory basis. A controlled amount of tissue from the inferior turbinates is ablated with improvement in the symptoms, as reported by the patients one year after laser surgery. The procedure is easy to perform, there is no bleeding, it is painless and without complications, but it requires rather expensive surgical equipment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

A comparison of partial inferior turbinectomy and cryosurgery for hypertrophic inferior turbinates.

A variety of surgical procedures are performed for treatment of hypertrophic inferior turbinates, but there is no completely effective therapy. We evaluated subjectively and objectively 52 patients who underwent one of two procedures: partial inferior turbinectomy (PIT) or cryosurgery of the inferior turbinates (CS). The results of PIT showed good functional results in 77 per cent of cases for long-term effectiveness. The results of CS showed that effectiveness was reduced from a 62 per cent success rate after one year to 35 per cent later, but CS was a simple procedure which was performed on an outpatient basis with no post-operative morbidity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Odorous chemical perturbations of (Na+ + K+)-dependent ATPase activities. Effects on native and lipid-substituted preparations from individual turbinals from dog olfactory tissue.

Individual turbinals from the right and left sides of dog olfactory tissue were removed and nerve-ending-particle preparations were prepared. (Na+ + K+)-dependent ATPase activities of the individual preparations, and the effect of several odorous compounds [including (+)- and (-)-carvone] on the (Na+ + K+)-dependent ATPase activities, were determined. The maximally stimulatory odorant concentration in the reaction mixture for the majority of odorants was found to be 1.0 mM. Matched pairs of left/right turbinals showed a lack of bilateral symmetry of response. (Na+ + K+)-dependent ATPase activities of various dog brain nerve-ending particle preparations responded only slightly to 1.0 mM odorants. The role of phospholipids in the (Na+ + K+)-dependent ATPase activity was found to be critical. Partial replacement of endogenous lipid with either synthetic phospholipids or extracted lipids resulted in changes in stimulation obtained with endogenous lipids alone.

1-Octanol↗
PubMed1994

[Immunohistochemical study of the neuroanatomy of the nasal turbinate in man. Innervation pattern of the blood vessels].

The complex vasculature of the human nasal mucosa plays an important role in the protection of the lower respiratory airways. It has to react to different external and internal stimuli and is under control of the autonomic nervous system. The aim of our study was to detect the precise localisation of neural structures in human nasal mucosa vessels under physiological conditions. Silver impregnation and histochemical staining techniques only allowed a partial aspect of autonomic innervation. Modern immunostaining methods with antibodies to neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S-100 protein proved to be better for the demonstration of nerve structures. Tissue samples were taken from inferior turbinates received at mucotomy in 42 patients. After fixation the samples were embedded in paraffin wax and cut into serial sections. Additionally frozen sections were performed. The immunocomplexes were visualised by the avidin-biotin-complex (ABC) or by the alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) technique. A high density of S-100 and NSE immunoreactivity of neuronal and glial components of autonomic innervation could be demonstrated in the vessels of human nasal turbinates. Branching off relatively thick nerve bundles of the lamina propria fibres extended to the adventitia of the arteries near the periost and formed a periarterial nerve plexus. Fibres of this plexus supplied the smooth muscle tissue of the tunica media. Around veins only a few single nerve fibres could be demonstrated. By using immunocytochemical techniques it is possible to correlate the localisation of the classical neurotransmitters and multiple vasoactive neuropeptides with the corresponding innervation structures of the complex vasculature in human nasal mucosa.

Adult↗