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PubMed1984

[Changes in the structural components of the thymus gland with different degrees of adaptation of the body to physical loads].

The thymus has been studied by means of histological and morphometrical methods in 167 male white rats subjected to various regimens of physical loadings. The physical loading is accompanied with certain changes in relationship of the thymus structural components. These changes are slightly depended on the loading regimen, but essentially vary in animals that differently adapt to the loading. When adaptation is sufficient, the areas occupied by the thymus connective tissue components decrease, while the part of the cortical substance increases. This demonstrates certain activation of immune processes in these animals. An insufficient adaptation produces an acceleration of age involution of the thymus and results in decreasing immunological reactions of the organism.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2001

Immuno-characterisation of neuroendocrine cells of the rat thymus gland in vitro and in vivo.

Primary cell cultures and organ fragments of rat thymus were characterised by use of a panel of antibodies raised against the neural adhesion molecule L1, tyrosine hydroxylase, protein gene product 9.5, nerve growth factor, calcitonin gene-related peptide, glial fibrillary acidic protein, vimentin, pan-cytokeratin, a ganglioside of neural crest and neuroendocrine cells (A2B5), and thymulin (4 beta). Immunoreactivity for neural markers only was identified in a single morphology (nerve-like) of cell in culture and throughout the adult thymus as fine, tortuous staining. Immunoreactivity for endocrine markers only was identified in polygonal epithelial-like cells in culture, throughout viable tissue in fragment culture and in the subcapsular cortex of the adult thymus. Immunoreactivity for both endocrine and neural markers was identified in three distinct morphologies in cell culture: elongate, spherical, and stellate. Similar results were observed in the mitotic periphery of the cultured fragments and in the medulla and cortico-medullary junction of the adult thymus. Cells with immunoreactivity to A2B5 were present in primary and fragment cultures and occurred throughout the adult thymus. The apparent diversity of cell immunoreactivity in primary and fragment thymic cultures suggests that numerous neural and endocrine factors may be required for the development and/or regeneration of the thymic microenvironment.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Cytoarchitecture of the thymus gland of the adult frog (Rana temporaria).

Like in other jawed vertebrates, the frog thymus consists of lymphoid cells within epithelial framework and characteristic myoid cells. Mammalian type Hassall's corpuscles are absent, but degenerative cells form so-called unicellular Hassall's bodies. Conspicuous secretory cells, secretory and degeneration cysts as well as phagocytic cells, granulocytes and plasma cells can be observed in the frog thymus. Interdigitating-like cells and some characteristic features of thymic vasculature (i.e. the existence of blood-thymus endothelial are preliminary described in the frog thymus.

Animals↗