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PubMed1986

Neuromusculoskeletal thermography: a valuable diagnostic tool?

The use of neuromusculoskeletal thermography is rapidly increasing. Recent studies have begun to document the types of diagnostic and other clinically useful information which may be derived from the procedure. This paper provides a review and summary of current research and a comparison with myelography, computerized tomography, electromyography and clinical and surgical findings in cases of presumed musculoskeletal pain syndromes. The importance of diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and accuracy (validity) are discussed. In general, the literature reports high sensitivity and negative predictive value, but lower specificity and positive predictive value. The implications of these findings are examined in regard to clinical case management, with emphasis on potential usefulness to chiropractors. Although thermography appears to be a promising diagnostic tool, there remain a number of threats to the scientific validity of current research which must be accounted for in future work.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1987

[The use of contact thermography for evaluating joint inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis].

The paper is concerned with the results of a study of the hand joints in patients with different variants of a course and activity of rheumatoid arthritis by a method of contact liquid crystal thermography. Methods for assessment of thermography taking account of qualitative and quantitative indices were described. They showed correlation with a degree of disease activity, the presence of the rheumatoid factor, extraarticular symptoms and a time-period. Probable pathogenetic mechanisms of occurrence of characteristic thermographic shifts in rheumatoid arthritic patients were discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The use of infrared thermography in the evaluation of oral lesions.

We have attempted to quantify the degree of inflammation associated with oral lesions through the use of infrared thermography, since the increased vascularity associated with inflamed tissue might result in measurable increases in surface temperature. This would provide a better measure of the relief of pain and inflammation associated with cancer chemotherapy mucositis by an antiinflammatory drug such as benzydamine hydrochloride than the subjective pain scales now employed. One subject with normal oral mucosa and three subjects with oral lesions of varying aetiology were studied with a Hughes Series 4000 PROBEYE thermal video system utilizing an infrared imager and microprocessor. A 35-mm camera was used to obtain a colour photograph of each subject. Multiple thermograms were made in a temperature range of 30.0 degrees C to 34.2 degrees C at a sensitivity of 0.2 degrees C. Photographs were taken on different occasions to determine whether the temperature readings could be duplicated and to test the accuracy of each reading. The normal surface temperature of the control subject's mucosa was found to be significantly cooler than clinical areas of inflammation in patients with lesions induced by chemotherapy. The temperature of the areas of stomatitis was remarkably consistent (Subject C means 33.7 degrees C; Subject D means 33.9 degrees C). Interestingly, the necrotic center of a traumatic ulcer inhibited measurement of an underlying inflamed base and was thus equivalent in temperature to the normal control (Normal means 31.9 degrees C; Subject B necrotic lesion means 31.7 degrees C). These results suggest that infrared thermography may represent a means to assess quantitatively the degree of mucosal inflammation. Additional studies are in progress.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Thermography as an additional study method in the follow-up of reconstructive operations of the hand].

The hand is very accessible to thermography. Disturbed circulation, vascular disease, tissue damage, or other causes of change in thermoproduction lead to deviation from a normal temperature chart. We found a high correlation between thermographic readings and prognosis after replantation. Thermography is, therefore, a method of examination that can be recommended.

Amputation, Traumatic↗
PubMed1986

[Improvement in the early detection of breast cancer by thermography].

In the last few years thermography lost some of its value in the diagnosis of breast cancer because of the changeover to x-ray mammography and ultrasound mammography. Nevertheless, it is still a very useful additional method, especially if the doctor can only perform a clinical examination. Combination of thermography and clinical examination produces better results. In case of pathological vascularisation, clinically occult carcinomas can be detected.

Breast↗
PubMed1979

Cancer of the breast. Mammography and thermography.

Quality mammography with knowledgeable interpretation is now a widely utilized and reliable procedure. It permits clinically occult lesions to be detected and clinically obvious or indeterminate lesions to be managed more intelligently. Abnormal mammographic signs are well defined, as are their differential diagnoses. Thermography of the breast is a younger science than mammography and must mature before its full potential can be realized. It is clear that thermography today cannot be considered an adequate prescreening technique to obviate further examination, as was once anticipated. Used in conjunction with physical examination and mammography it can serve to reinforce suspicions, and the high acceptability of the examination is an impetus to further clarify its role in detection.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Practical plate-thermography in the diagnosis of breast cancer].

Described of diagnostic practices of Plate-thermography in breast diseases Described of Takahashi's classification of Plate-thermography referring to both benign and malignant clinical cases. Of 63 cases of breast cancer and 117 cases of benign diseases, the rate of correct diagnosis for cancer was 81% and those of benign disease was 80.1%.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Plate thermography in the evaluation of idiopathic carpal canal syndrome. Apropos of 32 cases].

During a period of eight months thirty-two cases (twenty-two unilateral and five bilateral) of idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome were studied at the Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France. The patients were found to benefit from the use of the preoperative technique, thermography in addition to routine clinical exams and complementary exams such as radiographs and E.M.G. The period of intervention was from the fifteenth day through the second and thirds months. By comparing the clinical and functional results before and after surgical treatment through the use of images from patients in the same condition, it can be concluded that the use of this simple technique can provide valuable information and is harmless in the care of idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome. It is demonstrated that thermography permits: the ability to foresee the action of treatment; the ability to survey the effects of treatment and therefore obtain a valuable prognosis; and finally, a method of deciding on other acrosyndromes.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Application of plate thermography in the diagnosis of scrotal diseases (author's transl)].

Plate thermography for the diagnostic differentiation of scrotal diseases is an easy, quick method for the doctor without any great expenditure for apparatus; for the patient it is painless and without danger. After application in 58 patients with various changes in the scrotal contents the characteristic findings of acute epididymitis, varicocele and scrotal tumor were obtained. As an additional investigational procedure, plate thermography permits improvement of preoperative diagnosis of scrotal tumors and epididymitis, control of postoperative treatment of varicocele, early recognition of torsion of the testis and confirmation of discrete varicoceles.

Epididymitis↗
PubMed1979

[Value of thermography in the postoperative control in direct arterial surgery].

21 patients suffering from arteriopathy of the lower extremities and treated with a variety of surgical techniques and arterial recanalization have been studied by means of pre- and post-operative angiography and thermography. After analysing the results, the value of thermography, particularly as regards assessment of the surgical results and subsequent long-term controls, is confirmed.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Contact thermography in assessing inflammatory joint diseases].

Cutaneous hyperthermia represents a symptom of inflammatory joint diseases and "activated" arthroses. Arthritis and arthrosis may be differentiated by the different distribution and extent of hyperthermia. In an equal number of different joint diseases the symptoms and signs and the course of the diseases were investigated with the aid of contact thermography. The results indicate different exact localisations of temperature changes in the affected joints which together with the clinical findings may make it possible to establish differential diagnostic definitions between arthrosis and rheumatoid arthritis. In the authors' opinion contact thermography is, however, not suited for observations of the course of the diseases.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1984

The value of thermography and of the Doppler ultrasound in varicocele diagnosis.

The role of varicocele in male infertility is known. Among infertile patients that look for treatment, approximately 30% suffer from varicocele. The demonstration of the existence of subclinical varicoceles, that is, those that are not detectable through clinical examination, that are responsible for alterations in the spermogram, lead to the development of diagnostic methods of greater sensitivity. In the present study, the results obtained in eighty-eight (88) patients were analyzed with a view to confirming and comparing the sensitivity and efficiency of the Doppler ultrasound and of thermography in the detection of subclinical varicoceles. Thermography revealed itself as more sensitive, allowing the diagnosis of 40.9% of subclinical varicoceles.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Liquid crystal thermography. A new tool for evaluating low back pain.

Liquid crystal thermography was used to determine low back skin temperature patterns in 62 patients hospitalized for low back pain and 22 college volunteers with no previous history of back pain. The patients were separated into four groups according to their diagnoses at discharge: patients with 1) degenerative discogenic lesions, 2) acquired lesions, 3) congenital and developmental lesions, 4) back pain resulting from unknown causes. No significant differences were found between the average equilibrated thermogram temperatures of the control subjects (32.4 +/- 0.5 degrees C) and patient groups. However, the temperature gradients found on the thermograms of patients with discogenic lesions (3.1 +/- 0.6 degrees C) and acquired lesions (3.1 +/- 1.0 degrees C) were significantly greater (p less than .05) than those of the pain-free subjects (2.5 +/- 0.5 degrees C). Tenderness to palpation was associated with elevated skin temperatures in 80 percent of the patients studied. This study suggests that liquid crystal thermography may be a potentially useful tool for localizing soft tissue trauma in patients with low back pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Thermography in medicine (author's transl)].

Telethermography and thermography en plaque have a high sensitivity and a low specifity. In 75% they are applied to diagnose diseases of the female breast. Data concerning diagnostic reliability differ considerably. The author emphasizes the classification of thermographies of the female breast.

Body Temperature↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Role of thermography in diagnosing thyroid diseases].

To reveal the thyroid diseases, 115 patients having different abnormalities of this organ were examined with the use of thermography. The data obtained were compared with those of the control group of 20 practically healthy subjects as well as with the clinical picture and the radioisotopic, histologic and cytologic findings. Thermography made it possible to identify the disorders in 97.3% of the cases. Nodular goiter was characterized by hypothermia, whereas the diffuse toxic forms by hyperthermia in the thyroid projection. Struma maligna was characterized by the presence of a focus of hyperthermia. In disseminated processes, diffuse hyperthermia was detectable in the region of neoplastic metastases as well.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Potentials of thermography in the diagnosis and characterization of chronic tonsillitis].

Thermography was done to 131 patients with chronic tonsillitis (simple form in 46, toxico-allergic in 85). The main thermographic sign of this disease is temperature lowered by more than 1 degree C (2.2 degrees C on an average) in the proximal third of the phalanx as compared to that in the dorsal surface of the hand at the level of metacarpophalangeal articulations. Hyperthermia in the shoulder girdle area an in the neck up to the submaxillary line with clear contours is characteristic of patients with the toxico-allergic form of chronic tonsillitis. A thermographic picture in the zone of hyperthermia has the shape of a "collar". Thus thermography makes it possible to distinguish between the main clinical forms of chronic tonsillitis and to specify indications to a therapeutic method.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Thermography in the combined diagnosis of minimal breast cancer].

A group including 65 patients with minimal form of breast cancer (less than 1 cm in dia) was used in a study on the scope of application of thermographic procedures for diagnosis. Correct preoperative diagnosis of cancer was established on the basis of thermographs in 40 out of 65 cases (61.5%), clinical data--53 out of 65 cases (81.5%) and mammographs--in 23 out of 39 cases (59.0%). Application of these diagnostic procedures yielded false negative predictions in 2 cases (5.1%) only. Thermographs showed minimal cancers of the breast chiefly as chaotic vascularization in 60%. The frequency of identification of pathologic alterations by means of thermography is determined by the size of tumor focus, presence of regional metastases and malignity of tumor process. Since thermography appeared to provide a sufficiently reliable means for identification of minimal cancers of the breast, this procedure should be recommended for use in mass screenings.

Adult↗