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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Gallopamil infusion for treatment of Prinzmetal angina].

The efficacy of a new calcium channel blocker, gallopamil, has been tested via a single blind, self-controlled versus placebo protocol in 9 consecutive patients admitted to our Coronary Care Unit because of repeated daily attacks of Prinzmetal variant angina. Exclusion criteria were age (greater than 65 years) bradycardia (less than 50 beats/min), recent myocardial infarction, heart failure, sinoatrial or atrioventricular block. After a 24 hours run-in period on saline drip, gallopamil was administered as 0.03 mg/kg bolus followed by continuous infusion at 0.02 mg/kg/h for the first 24 hours and 0.03 mg/kg/h for the last 48 hours. Treatment was then stopped and the patients were again kept on saline infusion for the next 30 hours. Holter monitoring was recorded during run-in, on third day of treatment and 6 hours after gallopamil withdrawal. Anginal attacks were significantly reduced in number by therapy (-63%, -91%, -84% in the 3 days of treatment). Holter monitoring during gallopamil infusion showed a statistically significant reduction in silent (-98%) and symptomatic (-93%) ischemic episodes (IE). During the last 24 hours of the washout period we observed a statistically significant increase in silent ischemic episodes. While no transient ST segment elevation was recorded in 3 patients, in 1 patient symptomatic IE were increased of 150% with respect to the run-in period. On the whole we observed complete suppression of IE in 7 patients (78%) at the third day of treatment with gallopamil. In 2 patients (22%) a greater than 75% reduction was observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of the weight reduction program "Reducing without Diet"].

"Schlank ohne Diät" ("Weight-Reduction Without Diet") is a strategy to normalize body weight, by influencing multiple factors that appear to influence and promote obesity. The base line of therapy is the modification of nutritional habits. Self-control, especially monitoring and recording of caloric intake and the loss of energy by physical activities is the key that trains every client to change his nutritional habits and helps to reduce body weight and keep normal body weight stable. In a retrospective study, including 134 persons, 84 clients (62.69%) were able to reduce body weight, 9 clients (6.72%) reached starting point of weight and in 30, 60% (41 clients) during the participation in this methods an increase of body weight was seen. On an average 120 clients achieved a weight reduction of 5.98 kg during the participation in this methode. The loss of weight ranged from 1 to 31 kg per person.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Hormonal changes during administration of dietary fibers in patients with decreased glucose tolerance].

The authors carried out a self-controlled study using 11, non-obese patients with impaired glucose tolerance. The first day an oral glucose tolerance test was performed as a control. This was repeated the next day with a simultaneous intake of 20 g natural wheat bran. On both days blood samples were taken at 30 minute intervals (for three hours period) after glucose or glucose plus bran ingestion to measure the plasma sugar, insulin, C-peptid, gastrin and glucagon levels. It has been found that: 1. With simultaneous bran intake the blood glucose levels were decreased as compared to the control values. 2. The serum insulin, and C-peptid levels were similar in both tests. 3. The glucagon response curve fell below that of the control. 4. The serum gastrin levels did not show any change following either glucose or glucose plus bran intake. It has been concluded, that the dietary fibres are able to decrease of glucagon release, beside their direct inhibitory effect on the level of sugar absorption from gastrointestinal tract.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1990

Cognitive theories of depression. Implications for the investigation of emotional disturbances in childhood and adolescence.

In all important cognitive theories of depression negative patterns of thought or thought processes are seen as being involved in the development and/or signs and symptoms of depressions. Thus Beck (1967, 1976) proceeds on the assumption that individuals with a predisposition to depressive illnesses have, because of earlier experiences, arrived at negative attitudes which, in connection with stress factors, bring about, determine and/or strengthen negative thought processes and depressive signs and symptoms. According to Rehm (1977), depressive people are characterized by a specific, unfavourable self-control style, which, amongst others, goes along with an increased consideration of negative aspects within one's own behaviour and/or within one's self. The attributional models of depression of Abramson, Seligman and Tesdale (1978) and Miller and Norman (1979) that came into being with the further development of Seligman's model of learned helplessness, proceed from the existence of a "depressive attribution style" that is characterized by internal, stable and global attributions for negative events and external, variable and specific attributions for positive events. In the hopelessness theory of depression (a revision of the reformulated helplessness theory by Abramson, Seligman and Teasdale 1978) Abramson, Metalsky and Alloy (1989) assume a (hopelessness) sub-type of depression for which they see the experience of hopelessness (in the sense of their definition) as almost sufficient cause for a coming into being and an unfavourable attribution style simply as a susceptibility factor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Blood glucose self-monitoring with the Glucosignal test strip in routine practice--experiences of a district diabetes center].

32 patients (19 females, 13 males; 28 type I diabetics and 4 type II diabetics) with a diabetes mellitus we taught the blood glucose self-control under working conditions by means of the test strip Glucosignal. 9 diabetics were excluded from the investigation. The main reasons for this were: inability to acquire the withdrawal technique, abuse of alcohol, unreliability and attitude of opposition to the own disease. During the duration of observation of on an average 13.8 months (11 to 25 months) in the remaining 23 patients an improvement of metabolism could be obtained with the same need of insulin. In three quarters of the cases correction of the metabolism were made by the patients by insulin variation and only for the smallest part by physical conditioning. Intensive theoretical and practical training and good motivation of the patients decide on success or failure of the optimization of metabolism. The various possibilities of an influence on ambulatory day-night-profiles under working conditions are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical evaluation of glycohemoglobin and serum glycoproteins using affinity chromatography in children with type I diabetes mellitus].

We measured in 67 diabetic and 40 non-diabetic children glycosylated haemoglobin levels by both affinity chromatography (Gly Hb) and cation exchange chromatography (Hb A1), glycosylated plasma proteins by affinity chromatography (Gly PP) and glycosylated serum proteins by the colorimetric method of thiobarbituric acid (PSG). There was in the diabetic children a significant linear correlation between these four determinations, as well as between them and the values in mean glycaemias and mean glycosurias. The average Hb A1 over a 20-month observation period was 11.7%; the mean Gly Hb, 12.7%; the mean Gly PP, 5.3%, and the average PSG, 0.77 nmol HMF/mg protein. Glycohaemoglobin levels were within the normal range in only 5% of the cases. About 25% of the diabetic children showed a bad therapeutic compliance, which progressively deteriorated when age and duration of disease increased. Daily insulin requirements and glycosylated haemoglobin levels were significantly higher in diabetic girls than boys, but these differences between sexes did not exist where concentration of glycosylated proteins was concerned. Values in glycohaemoglobin and glycoproteins increased together with age, duration of disease and insulin requirements, existing an inverse relationship with both duration of clinical remission period and socioeconomic level. Motivation, dietetic obedience and, above all, self-control compliance were the variables that exerted the greatest influence on glycohaemoglobin and glycoprotein levels.

Child↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical study on xintongkang capsule in treating angina pectoris of coronary heart disease].

Two hundred and sixty seven cases of angina pectoris of coronary heart disease (male 152, female 115, age 41--79) were studied. Among these, 195 cases were patients with effort angina, 72 cases with non-effort angina. Double blind stratified randomized grouping, differentiation- syndromes treatment of TCM and self-control observation methods were applied. The results showed that total effective rate was 93.3% for angina pectoris in the treatment group. While control group which were treated by persantin and aspirin was 54.7% (P less than 0.001). For resting ECG evaluation total effective rates were 52.78% and 13.51% respectively. The ECG exercise testing (protocol Bruce) and dynamic ECG also showed the results similar to that of resting ECG. According to differentiation-syndromes treatment of TCM. The effect of Xintongkang capsule on simple stagnation of Qi and stasis of blood, or combined with deficiency of Qi, or combined with deficiency of Yin was better than other symptoms. The effect of Xintongkang capsule initiated in the second week after oral medicine, peak response occurring in the fourth week, and it trend to the stability in the eighth week. There was no harmful effect to heart, liver, kidney and blood. No allergic reactions were found in this observation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical therapeutic effect of xifukang in 53 patients with silicosis].

Xifukang is a compound preparation of Chinese herbs consisting of Hanbane grugs mainly. Since 1987, the significant efficiency have been obtained in treatment of 53 patients suffering from silicosis by self-control study. The results indicated that the clinical manifestations including dyspnea, cough, sputum production, chest pain, weakness, etc. were markedly improved (P less than 0.01) and measurements of pulmonary function (FVC, FEV and MVV) significant enhanced (P less than 0.01). After treatment 20 cases roentgenogram exam showed that the lung's clarity and the limited emphysema were improved, the silicolic nodule and mass-mergence opacity of 3 cases lessened in some degree. By discussing the effect of Xifukang which might lower the collagen protein content of experimental silicosis of Wistar rats and improve pathomorphous. The authors concluded that the therapeutic mechanism of Xifukang could be the actions of this remedy on promoting blood circulation to eliminate blood stasis dredging microcirculation, increasing ventilation/perfusion (VA/Q), protecting dust-cells, resisting fibrosis, regulating immune function, enhancing lung clearance, postponing and preventing development of silicosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Diabetes mellitus in children and sports].

The short-term and longterm effects of physical exercise and sports on the regulation of diabetes mellitus in children are described. The precise tuning of insulin dosage, food and sports can be achieved with self-control and self-regulation. Advisable sports activities and limitations like poor metabolic control are being discussed. Regular physical exercise for diabetic children is advised to prevent lack of movement, also for their health in older age.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1977

[Behavioral rehabilitation of nonspecific symptoms occuring after craniocerbral trauma (author's transl)].

The purpose of this study was to develop a behavioral rehabilitation program for patients with long-term nonspecific symptoms following craniocerebral trauma. In 47 patients we analyzed symptoms typical of "illness behavior" (e.g. complaining tendency, depression, irritability, psychosomatic pain, problems in job performance and social interaction) as possible targets for behavior modification. We then developed a behavioral training program to teach the patients various techniques of self-control (relaxation, desensitization, self-image training, analysis and control of illness behavior, assertiveness, performance techniques), our program being based on studies in the U.S.A. using similar approaches. For a preliminary testing two groups of 8 and 6 patients each were treated by different therapists. The patients worked through a section of the program manual prior to each group session. During the sessions proper (a total of 8 weekly two-hour sessions) the different techniques were practiced under the therapist's supervistion. In both groups a significant reduction in illness behavior as indicated on questionnaires and in 3-month follow-up was found. These encouraging results need to be further substantiated by controlled outcome studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Gingival bleeding].

Gingival bleeding is not of decisive importance in diagnosticating periodontal diseases, since various endogenous causative factors and exogenous conditions may enhance its occurrence. In the absence of periodontal disease, gingival bleeding might be a symptom of a systemic disease. Because gingival bleeding is in most cases the first sign of an affection of the tooth-supporting structures that the patient observes, it should be, for all the difficulties its substantivation, be considered in history taking and for self-control.

Gingival Hemorrhage↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Biofeedback and the behavioral treatment of disorders of disregulation.

This paper reviews biofeedback research from the perspective of cybernetic/feedback theory and applies the theory to the behavioral treatment of psychosomatic disorders. The concept of disregulation is used to elucidate how environmental factors can modulate the central nervous system and effect homeostatic, self-regulatory control of peripheral organs. When feedback from peripheral organs is disrupted, it is hypothesized that disregulation occurs, leading to physiological instability and functional disease. Within this framework, biofeedback provides a new feedback loop that can help individuals regain physiological self-control. Basic research using biofeedback to enhance self-regulation of cardiovascular responses is reviewed. The use of biofeedback in the behavioral treatment of disorders such as tension and migraine headache, hypertension, and epilepsy are selectively reviewed and critically evaluated. The need to consider feedback mechanisms in behavioral and biomedical approaches to treatment is highlighted. Predictions regarding the potential inadvertent perpetuation of disregulation and disease through inappropriate biomedical intervention is also considered.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1979

Reinterpretative cognitive strategies in chronic pain management.

This preliminary study was conducted to test the effectiveness of cognitive treatment of clinical pain. Chronic pain patients were trained in a self-control cognitive strategy procedure. Specifically, they were provided with a conceptualization of their pain, instructed in an awareness of their thoughts prior to and during their experience of pain, and trained in the use of several cognitive strategies to replace these thoughts and relabel their pain experience. Training was provided in a group setting to further consolidate the use of the instructions by enabling patients to roleplay the instructions to one another. Patients were also encouraged to verbally reinforce themselves each time they used the procedure. The experience of pain was measured by the McGill pain questionnaire, a behavioral checklist and staff reports. Results suggest that cognitive strategies can effectively alter the experience of clinical pain. Moreover, pain as a cognitive label for a nonspecific state of arousal is suggested.

Cognition↗
PubMed1979

[Self control developing function of self verbalization in children in experimental situations].

80 children received 5 different instructions which the children were supposed to repeat when exposed to classical tempting situations. As one result it could be shown that children of the middle class under the treatment conditions of verbalizing positive consequences were significantly better concerning the time of latency than those of other groups. In contrast to the expectations there were no differences according to factors like class, intelligence and latency. Results are discussed in terms of the development of self-control, relations between verbal and nonverbal behavior, cognitive behavior modification, and in the relation to a similar experiment by Hartig and Kanfer (1973).

Achievement↗
PubMed1977

An eclectic approach to parent group education.

Many factors contribute to a need for parent education today. Parent education has changed over the past centuries as a result of our changing values, our increasing knowledge base, and changes in family structure. The parent education group attempts to meet the parents' need to validate their concerns and offer them process and skills that promote mental health in children. Two popular models of parent education, the reflective model and the behavioral model, stem from two schools of psychologic thought-the phenomenologic school and the behavioral school. Because of the weaknesses and strengths of each model, an eclectic model of parent education is proposed which facilitates an authoritative patern of parenting correlated with self-reliant, explorative, and self-controlled children. This eclectic model of parent education is perceived as being within the role description of the generalist nurse who has access to back-up specialists in the health care system. Many opportunities exist for the nurse to offer this type of health education.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Behavior rating inventory for moderately, severely, and profoundly retarded persons.

The reliability and validity of the behavior of a sample of institutionalized mentally retarded children, with total IQs between 2 and 53, were assessed by a new scale measuring the following areas; communication, self-help, physical skills, self-control, and social behavior. Clinically and statistically acceptable levels of interrater agreement were found. With respect to validity: (a) several factors loaded very highly on items consistent with the a priori labeling of subscales; (b) two of the factors (cognitive and psychomotor development) could account for about 75% of the explained variance in ward placement levels (multiple R = .86); and (c) individual items on the Behavior Rating Inventory for the Retarded correlated highly with independently derived measures of the actual behavior these items represented. The major advantages of this scale over existing ones include its clearly demonstrated validity and relative ease of administration and scoring.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Autogenic training in psychophysiological preparation for parachute jumps].

The efficiency of specific psychophysiological preparation--autogenic training--to parachute jumps was measured in two groups of cadets (test subjects and controls). Hetero- and autogenic training was carried out according to a scheme specially developed for this type of activity. The study of questionnaires and physiological data demonstrated that the specific psychophysiological preparation by means of autogenic training for a certain type of activity helped to develop active self-control over one's own state and emotions, alleviated tension, arrested adverse neurotic manifestations (sleep disturbances, depression, anxiety), contributed to the feeling of confidence in the successful completion of the jump and promoted positive tuning towards subsequent jumps.

Anxiety Disorders↗
PubMed1978

Diver adaptability during a nitrox saturation dive at 7 ATA.

The major objective of this study was to demonstrate the advantages of transforming raw scores to ipsative form (deviation scores calculated around each subject's mean), particularly in diver research characteristically involving small subject samples in a self-control design. Measures of reaction time, response accuracy, anxiety, hostility, and depression were obtained from three U.S. Navy divers (Ss) during a nitrox saturation dive at 7 ATA (bottom time 7 days). It was argued and to some extent demonstrated that normative (interindividual) statistics obscure individual differences which are clearly delineated with the scores in ipsative form. Further, this score transformation allowed for meaningful between-Ss (same measure) and between-measures (same S) comparisons. These relationships could not be demonstrated with the scores in normative form. Application of P-technique of factor analysis within each S's arrays of data suggested that the characteristic adaptive patterns of two Ss in this study reacted to the pressure-stress by directing affect inward; for the third S, affect was directed outward. However, none of the 20 scales from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory clearly discriminated among the three adaptive types.

Adult↗