Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “SPINAL DISEASES”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Diagnosis of spinal diseases by cerebrospinal fluid examination].

In this work, changes in the cerebrospinal fluid in acute and chronic polyneuritis as well as in the Guillan-Barré-Strohl syndrome are discussed and and it is pointed out that a specific coordination of the inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid syndromes to certain pathogens or noxae cannot be made. For the differentiation of the Guillain-Barré-Strohl syndrome and existence of increased gamma-globulin bands with identical mobility in the serum is pointed out. In myelitic disease pictures, acute and chronic cerebrospinal fluid syndromes are distinguished also in the cerebrospinal fluid according to the clinical course; regular changes, however, cannot be derived. Syphilitic cerebrospinal-fluid syndromes can easily be differentiated by their immunoactive findings. In multiple sclerosis, we distinguish between typical and atypical changes in the cerebrospinal fluid. Above all, the oligoclonal bands, i. e. the discontinuous proceeding of the gamma-globulin zone and the existence of several bands in the agar gel electrophoresis, play an essential role. In 95 per cent of the cases, oligoclonal bands can be shown. There are no greater differences with respect to oligoclonal bands between intermittent and chronic-progressive courses. For the differential diagnosis of haemorrhagic syndromes, the cerebrospinal fluid cell picture can make a considerable contribution. Macrophages loaded with erythrocytes indicate that a haemorrhage occurred 12 to 18 hours before; macrophages loaded with haemosiderin indicate a haemorrhage that occurred 6 to 8 days before; and macrophages loaded with erythrocytes and haemosiderin indicate a seeping haemorrhage or an event that occurred several times. The Nonne-Froin syndrome indicates a massive protein increase often with a regular or only slightly increased number of cells. The importance of the Queckenstedt tests is pointed out. A particular role is played by meningitis carcinomatosa et sarcomatosa with the demonstration of a great number of tumour cells.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1998

[Occupational spinal diseases in employees of nursing services--epidemiological and legal insurance aspects (III). 3: Intervertebral disk-induced diseases of the lumbar spine in health care employees--expert assessment and prevention].

Due to spine-loading activities nursing professionals have a relatively high incidence/prevalence of low back pain. As lumbar disc disorders can be regarded as occupational diseases (since January 1993, occupational disease BK 2108, normally more than 10 years of exposition, lumbar disc disorders with pain and reduced motility) international literature is reviewed. Own results of different prevalence-, case-control- and incidence studies (relative risk for lumbago sciatica/odds ratio for disc prolaps appr. 3-6 depending on age and occupational age) are presented. Finally the question of compensation and prevention of disc disorders is discussed.

Disability Evaluation↗
PubMed1987

Medical management of spinal cord disease.

In spinal cord disease of horses, a complete history, neurologic examination, and adjunctive diagnostic procedures are very helpful in establishing a tentative diagnosis; however, a definitive diagnosis may be difficult or impossible to establish antemortem. Medical management should be initiated with full consideration of possible etiologies and knowledge of the effects and consequences of medical therapies. This article discusses the drugs commonly used in the management of spinal cord disease and the rationale for their use.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1992

[Spinal deformities in Marfan disease].

Spinal deformities are frequent in Marfan's disease. 37 patients were examined at the average age of 11 years. 32 showed a spinal deformity. The treatment of the spinal deformity was a brace in 15 cases, surgery in 16 cases (including 5 cases after brace-failure). 7 cases were just followed-up without treatment. Bracing was efficient only for mild curves, this treatment was satisfying 4 times out of 11 with adequate follow-up. The surgical treatment in 16 cases was a posterior fusion twice associated with anterior fusion. We used the same technique as for idiopathic scoliosis with Harrington instrumentation 5 times, Harrington with sublaminar wires 4 times and Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation 7 times. The correction of scoliosis was achieved in 48.2 per cent. The use of segmental instrumentation compared with the use of the Harrington instrumentation can explain the small number of non unions and the improvement of the lateral spinal balance. We did not note any cardiovascular complication during or early after the operation. Aortic lesions were responsible of one death in the long term, three patients went through a surgical replacement of aortic valves or the aorta.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[New possibilities of radiologic diagnostic methods for diseases of the spinal column using spinal computer tomography].

During the last there years (from May 1981 to March 1984) we performed 1368 CT examinations of the spine, 447 of the cervical, 264 of the thoracic and 657 of the lumbar vertebral column. 30% of the CT examination of the lumbar spine revealed a prolapse of an intervertebral disk. In 38% of the cases involving the thoracic spine metastases were seen. We diagnosed fractures in 10% of the cervical spine and 11% of the thoracic spine examinations. Posttraumatic or postoperative intravertebral haemorrhage was hardly ever diagnosed in our patients (1.9% of the cases). Spinal trauma: The anterior-posterior and lateral plain films continue to be the mainstay of radiographic screening in spinal injury. Nevertheless, the degree of injury is underestimated in a significant number of patients with spinal trauma if conventional radiography is the only diagnostic approach. For further clarification CT proved to be the fastest and best method to recognise the causes and extent of compression of the vertebral canal. CT has attained a high degree of accuracy in the diagnosis of prolapse of intervertebral disks, replacing myelography if the findings are unequivocally established. CT should also be preferred to myelography in suspected recurrent prolapse. Localisation, shape and density are criteria for differentiating between scarification and prolapse via CT. The results show that CT has opened up new possibilities in the diagnosis of spinal diseases and has resulted in a reorientation of the diagnostic approach.

Humans↗
PubMed2000

[Comparative epidemiological study in patients with rheumatic diseases illustrated in a example of a treatment with non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs versus an oral enzyme combination preparation].

To establish the safety and efficacy of an oral enzyme-combination product (OE; Phlogenzym, containing trypsin, bromelain and rutin) in the treatment of rheumatic diseases a retrolective cohort study with parallel groups was undertaken as an epidemiological study, in which the enzyme combination was compared with non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). Data of 3326 patients treated for rheumatic diseases between January 1993 and the end of March 1995 were registered by 380 physicians. From the patient file age, gender, indication for treatment (diagnostic group), anamnestic data (especially pre-treatment), complaints at the beginning and end of treatment, treatment duration, prescribed drugs (OE, NSAID), additional treatment and adverse events were transferred into case report forms (CRFs). The quality of the data was monitored and additionally checked by internal and external quality audits. Included in the efficacy analysis were 2139 patients which were treated either only with OE or only with NSAID and could be classified unambiguously into one of the following diagnostic groups: joint diseases, spinal diseases, rheumatic soft tissue diseases. As clinically relevant and reliably evaluable criterion freedom from rheumatic complaints at the end of treatment was considered. For evaluation of safety the documented adverse events of all patients were considered. Two thirds of the OE patients received the recommended dose of 6 tablets/day, taken for 23 to 35 days. The respective mean values for NSAID patients were 16 to 25 days, and the patients were treated with the recommended symptomatically effective doses of NSAID. As the allocation of the compared treatment options (OE or NSAID) to the patients was not randomized, a mixing of treatment effects with other factors cannot be excluded. For adjustment of these confounding factors two methods were applied: a) logistic regression of the relative ratio of the main criterion and all confounding factors and b) stratification of data according to the propensity score i.e. the probability of a treatment with OE. Both methods yielded similar results: A 50% higher success rate can be expected in total for OE than for NSAID at comparable initial and treatment situations (95% confidence interval with logistic regression = 1.218-1.96, with stratification according to propensity score = 1.16-1.84). As significant negative indicators for response age over 50 years, pre-treatment with antirheumatic or analgetic drugs, treatment duration more than 30 days and joint diseases or fibromyalgias could be revealed. Since there was no interaction between these indicators and the type of treatment also in patients presenting with these indicators a treatment success (freedom from symptoms) with OE can be expected with a higher probability than with NSAID. OE were well tolerated showing much less adverse events when compared with conventional doses of NSAID.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Endoscopic assisted lumbar microdecompressive spinal surgery with a new SMART endoscopic spine system.

In response to the rapid development and demand of outpatient endoscopic minimally invasive lumbar surgical technique, the SMART endoscopic spine system was developed for neurodecompression. This lumbar spine surgery is performed with a small skin incision, dilatation surgical technology, and an endoscopic-assisted spinal surgical system with progressive serial tubular retractors providing superior lighting and better visualization of the operative field for performing minimally invasive spinal surgery (MISS). The SMART system incorporates the advantages of posterior paramedian endoscopic assisted microdecompressive surgical spinal system and posterolateral endoscopic lumbar system. This versatile SMART endoscopic spine system with various sized working channels provides a generous and optimal access for endoscopic MISS of microdecompression of herniated lumbar disc, degenerative spinal disease, spinal stenosis, and removal of intraspinal lesions as well as creating an access for spinal arthroplasty and spinal fixation. With the unique features of the SMART system, the surgeon can take advantage of microscopic, endoscopic, or direct vision for microdecompressive spinal surgery, bridging endoscopic and conventional spinal surgery. It appears easy, safe, and efficacious. This less traumatic and easier outpatient MISS treatment leads to excellent result speedier recovery, and significant economic savings. The SMART endoscopic spine system, surgical indications, operative techniques, and the potential complications and their avoidance are described and discussed herein.

Decompression, Surgical↗
PubMed2001

Medical management and adjuvant therapies in spinal metastatic disease.

Metastatic spinal tumors are an increasingly common and difficult problem encountered by neurosurgeons and orthopedic surgeons. To improve therapies and increase life expectancy for patients with tumors such as those of the breast and prostate, a global, systematic approach is required to maximize the preservation of neurological function, maintenance of spinal stability, and relief of pain, all with the ultimate goal of improved functional capacity and quality of life (QOL). Although radiotherapy and surgery are still the primary therapeutic options, several new adjuvant therapies initially implemented to control pain more effectively have also been shown to reduce overall skeleton-related complications (pathological fractures and hypercalcemia) and may ultimately improve and extend QOL. This more global approach to spinal metastases also includes optimizing each patient's overall medical condition and potential for healing (that is, nutrition), as well as avoiding potential complications associated with metastatic disease (such as deep vein thrombosis), including excessive blood loss in the case of renal metastasis. A thorough knowledge and understanding of these therapeutic adjuvants is required to optimize care and to respond to our increasingly medically knowledgable patient population whose access to prevalent medical information has been increased because of the internet.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1995

Spinal cord stimulation in cardiovascular disease.

Spinal cord stimulation in ischemic pain conditions has proved to be an effective method of treatment for many patients. The indications are ischemic pain in the extremities from peripheral vascular disease and angina pectoris. The long-term results show that the response rate for ischemic pain is 70% to 90%, while the corresponding results for neuropathic pain average approximately 50% to 70%, which actually makes ischemic pain a very good indication for SCS. SCS system implantation is a safe and quick operation performed under local anesthesia and well tolerated by the patient. A total implant of the lead and the pulse-generator in one stage seldom takes more than 1 hour. High sterility and prophylactic antibiotics are prerequisites to avoid postoperative problems. In atherosclerosis, SCS should be regarded as a method supplementary to vascular surgery, to be used for symptom recurrence after treatment or when there are technical obstacles to reconstructive surgery. SCS has proven to be extremely effective for the relief of ischemic rest pain, which constitutes the most severe problem for these patients. Today it is estimated that more than 7000 implants for PVD have been done in Europe. In a prospective randomized study, Jivegård et al have shown that SCS is a limb-saving treatment. For angina pectoris, SCS by now has become a routine supplementary method to conventional medical and surgical treatment. The technique is clinically effective, and several studies have shown decreased myocardial ischemia and decreased anginal pain during treatment. It is probable that the use of SCS in refractory angina will increase considerably in the 1990s.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗