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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Spasmolytic activity of essential oil and various extracts of Ferula gummosa Boiss. on ileum contractions.

Traditional herbal medicines such as Ferula gummosa Boiss. have been used for treatment of intestinal disorders in Iran. To date no pharmacological evidence for their effectiveness has been reported. The aim of this study was to examine the relaxant effect of essential oil, hydro-alcoholic, etheric, petrolic and methanolic extracts of Ferula gummosa and two of its components, alpha-pinene and beta-pinene, on isolated rat ileum contractions induced by KCl and acetylcholine (ACh). Ferula gummosa essential oil (FGEO) and hydro-alcoholic, etheric, petrolic and methanolic extracts all inhibited the response to 80 mM KCl in a concentration-dependent manner and attenuated the maximum attainable response of the ACh concentration-response curve. Although the effect of etheric extract on ACh contractions was less than that of petrolic extract, the overall order of effectiveness on the weight basis was the etheric, petrolic, methanolic, and hydro-alcoholic extracts, and the essential oil, respectively. A mixture of etheric and petrolic extracts together had a similar effect on KCl response to etheric extract was used alone. Alpha-pinene and beta-pinene both exhibited inhibitory effect on the contraction of rat ileum, but the inhibitory effect of beta-pinene on KCl contraction was more pronounced. The inhibitory effect of a mixture of these two compounds was, however, less than the sum of their separate effects. When a mixture of alpha-pinene and beta-pinene together were examined on the ileum, without presence of the spasmogen, they initially caused contraction of the tissue, while neither of them used alone caused a noticeable contraction of the ileum. This study shows that Ferula gummosa essential oil and its various extracts are relaxant of rat isolated ileum and that at least part of their inhibitory effect is due to alpha-pinene and beta-pinene components. As the inhibition of contractile over-activity of the ileum is the basis of the treatment of some gastero-intestinal disorders such as diarrhea, Ferula gummosa may have clinical benefits for treatment of this condition.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1976

Emepronium bromide (Cetiprin) as a postoperative spasmolytic agent in transvesical prostatectomy.

To find out whether Cetiprin reduces the vesical spasms seen after cystotomias, a double-blind investigation including 22 men was carried out. Eleven of the men were given 25 mg Cetiprin i.m. twice a day for 2 days after transvesical prostatectomy, then 200 mg orally 3 times a day the following 12 days. The rest of the men, 11 patients, received placebo. In the Cetiprin group 9 patients had no vesical spasm postoperatively, whereas 1 had moderate and 1 had severe spasms. Only 4 patients were without spasms in the control group, whereas 5 had moderate and 2 severe spasms. The postoperative reduction of the bladder volume were counteracted by Cetiprin. No significant influence on liver- or kidney function was seen with the dosages mentioned.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

NMR-based structural studies of the pNR-2/pS2 single domain trefoil peptide. Similarities to porcine spasmolytic peptide and evidence for a monomeric structure.

NMR spectroscopy measurements have been used to obtain structural information about the pNR-2/pS2 single-domain trefoil peptide. NMR data from 2D (two dimensional) double-quantum-filtered correlation spectroscopy (DQF-COSY), total correlation spectroscopy (TOCSY), NOE spectroscopy (NOESY), rotating frame NOE spectroscopy (ROESY) and 2D 13C-1H heteronuclear single-quantum coherence (HSQC) and 13C-1H HSQC-TOCSY spectra have been analysed to provide essentially complete 1H and 13C sequence-specific assignments for the pNR-2/pS2 protein. From a consideration of the NOE intensities, 3J(NH-alpha CH) coupling constants, 1H and 13C chemical shifts of backbone atoms and amide-proton exchange rates, the pNR-2/pS2 was found to contain two short antiparallel beta-strands (32-35 and 43-46), a short helix (25-30) and a type I beta-turn (11-15). These elements of secondary structure are very similar to those found in the two trefoil domains of pSP for which detailed structural information is already available. Similar 1H chemical shifts were noted for several conserved residues in pNR-2/pS2 and pSP and a characteristic Phe residue with a slowly flipping ring was found in the pNR-2/pS2 variant and in both domains of pSP. The tertiary structures of the domains therefore appear to be very similar in the two proteins and it is likely that the pNR-2/pS2 has the same pattern of disulphide bonds (1-5, 2-4, 3-6) as pSP. Correlation time measurements derived from 1H-1H NOE measurements indicate that the Cys58-->Ser form of the pNR-2/pS2 protein used in this study is monomeric in solution at approximately 2 mM.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1971

Spasmolytic effects of cadmium and zinc ions upon the guinea-pig isolated ileum preparation.

1. An investigation has been made of the effects of cadmium and zinc ions upon the contractile response of the guinea-pig isolated ileum to methacholine, histamine, potassium ion and a.c. field stimulation. The metal ions depress the response to all of these agents.2. Radioisotope studies showed that cadmium and zinc ions have very much larger apparent volumes of distribution than sorbitol, both within whole ileum and within strips of the longitudinal smooth muscle layer. The results of these studies were indicative of surface binding and/or intracellular accumulation of these ions.3. It is suggested that cadmium and zinc ions directly depress smooth muscle contractility in a non-specific manner. This action may result from their binding to or accumulation within the muscle cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Spasmolytic effect of cadmium and cadmium uptake in aorta.

The relationship between inhibition of tension by Cd2+ in aorta and the kinetics of cadmium uptake and efflux was studied. Cd2+ (0.01-0.5 mM) inhibited the contraction of aorta to high-K+ (30 mM) in a dose-dependent manner. The high-K+ -induced tension completely returned to control values after 60 min washing with a solution containing 5 mM disodium edetate (EDTA) or 5 mM cysteine, following a treatment with 0.5 mM Cd2+ for 30 min; after washing with normal medium only 15% of the control response returned. Cadmium uptake increased with an increase of the Cd2+ concentration (0.01-0.5 mM). Aortae preincubated with 0.5 mM Cd2+ for 60 min were washed subsequently with a medium containing 5 mM EDTA or 5 mM cysteine. About 5% of the original tissue cadmium was retained after washing with EDTA or cysteine. It is suggested that Cd2+ binds chiefly to the surface membrane of aorta. It seems possible that the quantity bound is correlated with the degree of inhibition of tension.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Efficacy of hyoscine-N-butyl bromide (Buscopan) suppositories as a cervical spasmolytic agent in labour.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of hyoscine-N-butyl bromide (Buscopan) suppositories in the active phase of labour, i.e. once the labour is established. METHODS: A non-randomised controlled prospective study was carried out on 200 women in labour. In the active phase of labour, at 3 cm or more cervical dilatation, 100 women were administered Buscopan via suppository and 100 women (control) were not given any drug. RESULTS: The duration of first stage of labour was 123.86 +/- 68.89 (mean(+)-standard deviation) minutes in the study group and 368.05 +/- 133.0 min in the control group. These differences were statistically significant. There were no differences in the duration of the second and third stages of labour. There was no increased incidence of operative deliveries in the study group. No adverse effects were noted on the mother or fetus. CONCLUSION: Hyoscine-N-butyl bromide (HBB, Buscopan) suppositories were highly effective in shortening the duration of the first stage of labour.

Administration, Intravaginal↗