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Experiences about the application of gelatin-resorcinol-formaldehyde tissue adhesive in experimental ruptured liver injury.

Ruptured liver injury was produced in dogs. For arresting the bleeding and for the tissue unifying GRF adhesive was used instead of the traditional wound treatment. The experiences obtained during the wound healing were positive. On the 4th week the adhesive was well markedly emerged from the liver surface, but on the 20th postoperative week the adhesive could not be noticed even by microscopy. The necrosis spread over 10-15 cell lines has nearly disappeared by the end of the 15th week. By this time the granulation tissue filling up the wound transformed into native connective tissue.

Animals↗

Molecular clips based on propanediurea: exceptionally high binding affinities for resorcinol guests.

A series of new receptor molecules derived from 2,4,6,8-tetraazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-3,7-dione (propanediurea) is described. These molecules possess a cavity which is defined by two nearly parallel aromatic side walls positioned on top of a bis-urea framework. The resulting "U-shaped" clip molecules are ideal hosts for the complexation of flat aromatic guest molecules. The affinity of these new propanediurea based molecular clips for dihydroxybenzene derivatives is exceptionally high, with association constants up to K(a) = 2 400 000 L mol(-)(1). Comparison of the binding mechanism of a variety of clip and half clip hosts, in conjunction with NMR, IR, and X-ray studies, has enabled the reason for this high binding to be elucidated. It is shown that subtle sub-angstrom changes in the geometry of the clip molecules have a great impact on their binding properties.

Journal Article↗

Simple Synthesis of 5-Substituted Resorcinols: A Revisited Family of Interesting Bioactive Molecules.

The reaction of 3,5-dimethoxybenzyl trimethylsilyl ether (3) with different aldehydes (n-PrCHO, n-C(11)H(23)CHO, MeCHO, PhCHO) in the presence of lithium powder and a catalytic amount of naphthalene (4 mol %) gave, after hydrolysis, the expected alcohols 4 in moderate yields. The dehydroxylation of these compounds through the corresponding mesylates 5 or directly from benzylic derivatives by catalytic hydrogenation, afforded compounds 6, which are finally demethylated to yield 5-alkyl-3,5-dihydroxyresorcinols, such as olivetol (7a), grevillol (7b), 1,3-dihydroxy-5-propylbenzene (7c), or dihydropinosilvine (7d). Dehydration of alcohol derivatives 4 followed by demethylation led to hydroxylated stilbene-type structures, such as pinosilvine (9d), resveratrol (9e), or piceatannol (9f), which in some cases can be hydrogenated to give saturated molecules such as combretastanin B-4 tetramethyl ether (6f) or chrysotobibenzyl (6g). Finally, when the naphthalene-catalyzed lithiation of compound 3 was performed in the presence of other electrophiles [Me(3)SiCl, t-BuCHO, CH(3)(CH(2))(4)CHO, 4-Me(3)SiOC(6)H(4)CHO, (CH(2))(5)CO, PhN=C=O, PhN=CHPh], the expected reaction products 12 were isolated, after hydrolysis.

Journal Article↗

Visual sensing of saccharides promoted by resorcinol condensation products

[structure: see text] Heating aqueous DMSO solutions of five saccharides in the presence of 1-3 reveals that each receptor promotes solution colors characteristic for each sugar. New compound 3 allows the direct correlation of sugar concentration with visible region absorbance and/or fluorescence intensities.

Journal Article↗

Sodium 4-(2-pyridinyldiazenyl)resorcinolate monohydrate and ammonium 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthalenolate from powder diffraction data.

The crystal structures of two dyestuffs, Na(+).C(11)H(8)N(3)O(2)(-).H(2)O, (I), and NH(4)(+).C(10)H(5)N(2)O(5)(-), (II), were determined from X-ray powder diffraction data. In both structures, translationally related anions form stacks, and cations fill interstack channels. A comparison of the diffuse reflectance spectra of crystalline (I) and (II) with the absorption spectra of their aqueous solutions demonstrates that the geometry of their anions does not change significantly upon transfer from the crystalline to the solution state.

Journal Article↗

Preclinical pharmacokinetics and metabolism of a novel diaryl pyrazole resorcinol series of heat shock protein 90 inhibitors.

CCT018159 was recently identified as a novel inhibitor of heat shock protein (Hsp) 90, a promising target for cancer therapy. Pharmacokinetic and metabolic properties are likely to be important for efficacy and need to be optimized during drug development. Here, we define the preclinical metabolism and pharmacokinetics of CCT018159 and some early derivatives. In addition, we assess in vitro metabolic stability screening and in vivo cassette dosing (simultaneous administration of several compounds to a single animal) as approaches to investigate these compounds. The plasma clearance following individual i.v. administration to mice was rapid (0.128-0.816 L/h), exceeding hepatic blood flow. For CCT066950 and CCT066952, this could be attributed in part to extensive (>80%) blood cell binding. Oral bioavailability ranged from 1.8% to 29.6%. Tissue distribution of CCT066952 was rapid and moderate, and renal excretion of the compounds was minimal (<1% of dose excreted). Compounds underwent rapid glucuronidation both in vivo and following incubation with mouse liver microsomes. However, whereas CCT066965 was metabolized to the greatest extent in vitro, this compound displayed the slowest plasma clearance. The rank order of the compounds from the highest to lowest area under the curve was the same following discrete and cassette dosing. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic variables were similar whether the compounds were dosed alone or in combination. We conclude that the pharmacokinetics of CCT018159 are complex. Cassette dosing is currently the best option available to assess the pharmacokinetics of this promising series of compounds in relatively high throughput and is now being applied to identify compounds with optimal pharmacokinetic properties during structural analogue synthesis.

Animals↗

Modulation of arachidonic acid metabolism by phenols: relation to positions of hydroxyl groups and peroxyl radical scavenging properties.

We have shown earlier that catecholamines have opposite regulative effects on prostaglandin (PG)E2 and leukotriene (LT)B4 formation with a receptor-independent mechanism in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and whole blood. To shed further light on the mechanisms involved and structure-action relationship, we tested the effects of phenols (catechol, hydroquinone, phenol, and resorcinol) on the synthesis of PGE2 and LTB4 in human A23187-stimulated PMNs. To study the mechanism of how phenols influence PGE2 and LTB4 synthesis, their peroxyl radical-scavenging properties were analyzed. In general, low concentrations of phenols stimulated (catechol > hydroquinone >> phenol) and high concentrations inhibited (resorcinol > catechol > hydroquinone > phenol) PGE2 formation. Resorcinol was different from the other phenols: It did not stimulate PGE2 synthesis at all, but it was effective inhibitor at high concentrations. Phenols had only an inhibitory effect on LTB4 formation (catechol = hydroquinone >> phenol > resorcinol). The order of both stochiometric factors and reactivities of phenols for scavenging peroxyl radicals was catechol > hydroquinone > resorcinol >> phenol. According to these results, phenols having hydroxyl groups in ortho- or paraposition have the greatest stimulative effect on PGE2 synthesis, the highest inhibitory action on LTB4 synthesis, and are good antioxidants. Resorcinol, having hydroxyl groups in the metaposition, behaves differently. It neither stimulates PGE2 nor inhibits LTB4 formation, but it is the most potent inhibitor of PGE2 formation. In spite of resorcinol's two hydroxyl groups, it mimics as an antioxidant phenol more than catechol and hydroquinone.

Antioxidants↗