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PubMedDate not supplied

Indole-3-pyruvic acid as a possible hypnotic agent in insomniac subjects.

In a single-blind study six male patients (mean age 39.5 years) with moderate insomnia were treated with placebo for three nights, 100 mg indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) for three nights, 200 mg IPA for three nights, 100 mg IPA for two nights and placebo for two nights. Polygraphic recordings were made and total sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep latency, slow wave sleep latency, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency, number of arousals (greater than 1 min), percentage and duration of wakefulness after sleep onset, percentage and duration of wakefulness after sleep onset, percentage and duration of sleep stages 1, 2, 3, 4 and REM were recorded. At the end of 13 days, total sleep time, duration of stage 2 sleep and total non-REM were significantly increased when compared with baseline. Total sleep time and duration of stage 2 and total non-REM sleep on completion were significantly decreased when compared with after 200 mg IPA (night 9). Results suggest an action of IPA on human sleep similar to that of exogenous melatonin and L-tryptophan, thus confirming that IPA could be used to increase serotonin and melatonin turnover.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Regional kinetic constants for blood-brain barrier pyruvic acid transport in conscious rats by the monocarboxylic acid carrier.

The present investigation using labeled pyruvate describes the regional distribution and kinetics of the monocarboxylic acid carrier at the blood-brain barrier of conscious rats. The experimental procedure involved the arterial injection of a single bolus of 200 microliter containing [1-14C]pyruvate, [3H]water, and varying concentrations of unlabeled pyruvate into the common carotid via an indwelling externalized catheter. The hemisphere ipsi-lateral to the injection and rostral to the midbrain was removed and dissected into five regions. A kinetic analysis revealed no significant regional differences in Km values with an overall average of 1.37 mM. However, there was regional variation in the density of the monocarboxylic acid carrier as indicated by varied levels of the kinetic constant Vmax. The cortex showed the highest Vmax value of 0.42 +/- 0.08 mumol/min/g whereas values for the caudate/putamen, thalamus/hypothalamus, and remaining portion of hemisphere ranged significantly lower at 0.22-0.27 mumol/min/g. The Vmax for the hippocampus was intermediate at 0.37 +/- 0.12 mumol/min/g. The nonsaturable carrier described kinetically by KD had an overall average of 0.034 ml/min/g. The present study confirms quantitatively previous results suggesting a variable regional distribution of the monocarboxylic acid carrier.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Diurnal changes in lactic and pyruvic acid levels and pH values in foals during the first 13 weeks of their life and in their lactating mothers.

1. The diurnal changes in the levels of lactic (LA) and pyruvic (PA) acids and values of pH were studied in standard-bred mares and their foals, for 13 weeks of foal life, throughout 2 years. 2. The studies began when a foal was 7 days old and were repeated every 2 weeks until foals reached 13 weeks of age. 3. Blood samples were taken every 4 hr for one day, each second week. 4. In the LA, PA levels and pH values no diurnal rhythm was stated in lactating mares during study periods. 5. In foals the diurnal rhythm in LA and PA occurred in the 3rd month of their life, with the acrophase at night hours. 6. The significant correlations between foal and their mother metabolites studied were observed. 7. The environmental factors (air temperature, humidity) influence fluctuations of the amplitude in parameters studied in the horse blood.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Interrelationship between manganese, vitamin B1 and the level of pyruvic acid].

Addition of manganese to the diets promotes an increase of the total thiamine content in the blood and the liver, heart and brain tissues. This trace element appreciably changes the correlation between different thiamine fractions. The free vitamin B1 level in the blood and tissues decreases, while the level of its bound form (pyrophosphatic) increases. All the administered manganese doses induced a statistically significant reduction of pyruvic acid concentration in the blood.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Indole-pyruvic acid, a tryptophan ketoanalogue, antagonizes the endocrine but not the behavioral effects of repeated stress in a model of depression.

Increased glucocorticoid secretion is frequent in mood disorders and is normalized by long-term antidepressant therapy. Many antidepressants act by increasing central serotonin transmission. We investigated the effects of a serotonin precursor, indole-pyruvic acid (IPA), in an animal model of depression based on repeated exposure to unpredictable stress. Rats were divided in groups, and IPA (20 mg/kg), the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine (IMI) (5 mg/kg), or vehicle was administered daily during 3 weeks of repeated exposure to various stressors according to the procedure described by Katz et al [Katz RJ, Roth KA, Carroll BJ (1981): Neurosci Biobehav Rev 5:247-251]. After treatment, rats were evaluated for stress-induced exploratory behavior and killed 24 hr later. Serum corticosterone levels and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) immunoreactivity (IR) in the nuclei of neurons located in the hippocampal subregion CA1 were also measured. Rats exposed to repeated stress showed a lower exploratory behavior score (p < 0.01), higher basal corticosterone levels (p < 0.01), and stronger GR IR in the hippocampus (p < 0.05) than control rats. All of these effects were antagonized by IMI treatment. IPA administration did not affect the behavioral response induced by repeated stress (p < 0.01) but normalized serum corticosterone levels. In addition, IPA treatment produced a decrease in GR IR (p < 0.05 versus control group) that was not modified by exposure to repeated stress.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acoustic Stimulation↗