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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Nutrient management practices among swine operations of various sizes.

OBJECTIVE: To determine feeding, cropping, and manure-handling practices of swine operations of various sizes. DESIGN: Producer survey. SAMPLE POPULATION: 85 sow units and 132 finish floors. PROCEDURE: Swine producers were surveyed by mail and during farm visits for information regarding herd characteristics and management practices, with emphasis on the 3 components of the nutrient cycle: cropping, feeding and nutrition, and manure handling. Farms were categorized by operation type as sow units or finish floors and, subsequently, stratified by size as small sow units (< 600 head), large sow units (> or = 600 head), small finish floors (< 2,000 head), and large finish floors (2 > or = 2,000 head). RESULTS: Large sow units and large finish floors were approximately twice as likely to use environmentally sound nutrient management practices as small sow units or small finish floors. These large operations were more likely to use progressive feeding practices, to be aware of their nutrient flows, and to be capable of using these nutrients properly. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: There is a need for greater environmental awareness among all swine producers, especially among small producers. This provides a possible growth area for large-animal veterinary consultants. Economy of scale and increased governmental regulations allow large farms to use environmentally sound practices. Thus, large swine farms are not necessarily harmful to the environment.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed2006

On the choice of farm management practices after the reform of the Common Agricultural Policy in 2003.

The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) was fundamentally reformed in 2003. From 2005, farmers will receive decoupled income support payments instead of production premiums if basic standards for environment, food safety, animal health and welfare are met. Farmers are likely to adjust production and management practices to the new policy framework. We describe how this reform fits into the EU strategy of making agricultural production more environmentally friendly by concentrating on the financial aspects of the reforms. Using an agricultural sector model for Austria, we show that the reform will further decrease agricultural outputs, reduce farm inputs, lessen nitrogen surpluses and make environmentally friendly management practices more attractive for farmers.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2001

Complete practice operating systems: the long-term solution to practice management.

A carefully structured, well thought-out CPOS based on a successful prototype(s) that has proven itself over time is probably the fastest and most reliable way to get your practice on the road to profitability that can be sustained and built upon over the life of the practice. If you rely on "bits and pieces" of practice management ideas and extraneous methods that of themselves may be effective, they may, when integrated into your existing operating structure or system, actually have a negative impact. When addressing something as important as your practice operations, and hence, your livelihood, carefully determine if the changes advocated will be effective, and how these changes will interface with your existing systems. If your existing systems are faulty, building on them may be futile. Look closely and carefully examine the knowledge, credibility, and expertise of anyone who is suggesting and implementing change in your practice. Further, and equally important, ask these two questions: (1) Is the operating system you are considering designed and built from a successful prototype? (2) Can the system's success be documented in terms of sustained increase in production, collections, and net income over time? If the answer is "no" to either or both of the above, tread lightly. You may actually be making things worse. Look for an operating system that has made other dental practices successful, and you can have the great practice you've always wanted!

Appointments and Schedules↗
PubMed2004

The influence of physicians' practice management strategies and financial arrangements on quality of care among patients with diabetes.

CONTEXT: Health care organizations use many strategies to influence physician behavior and the care delivered, but the effect of such strategies on quality is not known. OBJECTIVE: We sought to assess the influence of practice management strategies and financial arrangements on the quality of diabetes care. DESIGN: This was a retrospective cohort study including medical record reviews and a physician survey. PARTICIPANTS: Patients with diabetes mellitus (n=652) enrolled in 3 health plans located in Minnesota and 399 physicians in 135 practices who cared for them participated in this study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Our main outcome measures was a quality score indicating receipt of care in accordance with 6 accepted quality indicators. RESULTS: The mean quality score was 2.4 (SD 1.2) on a 6-point scale. Only a small proportion of the variation in quality was attributed to characteristics of physicians' practices (5%). Quality scores tended to be higher for patients whose physicians received quality performance reports or utilization profiles from more than 1 source (P=0.08), routinely enrolled diabetic patients in disease-management programs (P=0.06), or received diabetes-specific reports (P=0.06). Quality scores were lower for patients whose physicians were paid according to fee-for-service compared with salary (P=0.04) and served as gatekeepers for >50% of their patients (P=0.06). However, these findings were all of borderline statistical significance, and the absolute differences in quality were small. CONCLUSIONS: Current practice management strategies and financial arrangements have a limited impact on the quality of care for patients with diabetes. These findings suggest that other strategies may be necessary for health care organizations to improve care for patients with diabetes.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Cross-sectional serological survey on gastrointestinal and lung nematode infections in first and second-year replacement stock in the netherlands: relation with management practices and use of anthelmintics.

A cross-sectional survey was carried out on 86 farms randomly distributed in The Netherlands. After housing following the first and the second grazing season (FGS and SGS) serum samples were collected to determine IgG levels against Cooperia oncophora and Dictyocaulus viviparus, and the pepsinogen content. A questionnaire was used to inquire on grazing management practices and the use of anthelmintic drugs. On 80.7 and 60.2% of the farms FGS and SGS animals, respectively, were treated at least once with an anthelmintic drug. The percentage for the SGS animals indicates that the use of anthelmintic drugs in those animals has increased enormously over the last 10-15 years. Generally, parasitic nematode control in the FGS is good on most farms, but it can be characterised as being overprotective. There is a tendency that if anthelmintic drugs are used in the FGS they also are used more often in the SGS. On 12 farms (14%), no anthelmintic drugs were given in the FGS and the SGS. These farms did not differ from the others with respect to management practices in any obvious way. The serological results were in general very low, indicating low levels of exposure to gastrointestinal nematode infection in both FGS and SGS animals. This was not surprising in view of the good to high level of nematode control practices reported by the farmers. Although not statistically significant, a consistent result was that serological results for the SGS animals were more often positive or on average higher on those farms where FGS parasite control tended to be excessive. For D. viviparus, a prevalence rate of 41% positive farms was found. Following comparison with previous data, it is speculated that lungworm (sero-)prevalence in replacement stock may be declining as a result of continuing high levels of parasite control in replacement stock. It is concluded that the results confirm previous surveys, lending support to the conclusion that parasitic nematode control on Dutch dairy farms, certainly in FGS calves, is good but tends to be overprotective.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed2005

Satisfaction with medical care among elderly patients: a review of research findings with implications for management practice and future inquiry.

Research on patient satisfaction has focused predominantly on the mainstream adult population (ages 18-64). Satisfaction in older patients has not been adequately studied. Moreover, a systematic review of the research literature that does exist on this topic has not yet been conducted. The literature search yielded only 17 studies that met the selection criteria established for this review. Key research elements and findings from each of the studies are arrayed in matrix form. The results of the literature review are organized and analyzed in terms of four major categories of variables: background characteristics, predispositional variables, service quality attributes, and contextual factors. Special attention is awarded to identifying the determinants of satisfaction among elderly patients and the ways in which their service quality appraisals may differ in comparison with the general adult population of medical care consumers. Implications for management practice and directions for future research are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Guideline use for gestational diabetes mellitus and current screening, diagnostic and management practices in Australian hospitals.

A postal questionnaire investigating screening, diagnosis and management practices for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and guidelines use for GDM, was sent to 544 Australian hospitals providing maternity care. Of these, 360 (66%) responded. Guidelines for GDM were available in 127 (39%) hospitals. Screening for GDM was undertaken by 284 (87%) hospitals and of these, 151 (53%) screened all women and 63 (22%) selectively screened women. Half (143, 50%) of the hospitals surveyed screened women using a 50 g oral glucose challenge test (OGCT) and 70 hospitals (25%) used a 75 g OGCT. A 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was most commonly used to diagnose GDM (207; 81%) and 126 hospitals (60%) recommended a 2 hour blood glucose level of > or = 8.0 mmol/l as diagnostic for GDM. In the management of women with GDM, levels for optimal glycaemic control varied. Postpartum testing for diabetes mellitus was recommended by the majority of hospitals (202; 72%). This study has shown the majority of Australian hospitals providing maternity care screening for GDM, but there is little consensus in screening practices.

Australia↗
PubMed2006

Decadal geochemical and isotopic trends for nitrate in a transboundary aquifer and implications for agricultural beneficial management practices.

Nitrate contamination of aquifers is a global agricultural problem. Agricultural beneficial management practices (BMPs) are often promoted as a means to reduce nitrate contamination in aquifers through producer optimized management of inorganic fertilizer and animal manure inputs. In this study, decadal trends (1991-2004) in nitrate concentrations in conjunction with 3H/3He groundwater ages and nitrate stable isotopes (delta15N, delta18O) were examined to determine whether BMPs aimed at reducing aquifer-scale nitrate contamination in the transboundary Abbotsford-Sumas aquifer were effective. A general trend of increasing nitrate concentrations in young groundwater (< approximately 5 yr) suggested that voluntary BMPs were not having a positive impact in achieving groundwater quality targets. While the stable isotope data showed that animal manure was and still is the prevalent source of nitrate in the aquifer, a recent decrease in delta15N in nitrate suggests a BMP driven shift away from animal wastes toward inorganic fertilizers. The coupling of long-term monitoring of nitrate concentrations, nitrate isotopes, and 3H/3He age dating proved to be invaluable, and they should be considered in future assessments of the impact of BMPs on nutrients in groundwaters. The findings reveal that BMPs should be better linked to groundwater nutrient monitoring programs in order to more quickly identify BMP deficiencies, and to dynamically adjust nutrient loadings to help achieve water quality objectives.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2002

Skills, knowledge, aptitudes, and interests for veterinary practice management: fitting personal characteristics to situational demands.

Recent studies of veterinary practices and services have suggested that more attention must be focused on business practices and on the skills, knowledge, and abilities (SKAs) of veterinarians related to veterinary practice management (VPM). Responses to these concerns have been directed at the selection and education of veterinarians in veterinary school. While this position is supported in the present article, it is argued that the values and interests of persons who are likely to enter the field, as well as the nature of the experiences encountered across the career of veterinarians, will moderate the potential effectiveness of veterinary school practices and experiences regarding SKAs in VPM. The paper explores some potential implications of these moderators on the effectiveness of selection and education for increasing SKAs in VPM.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Basic computing for dental practitioners: 5. Practice management systems.

This article examines the specialist software that is commercially available to assist the running of a dental practice. Generically termed 'practice management systems' (PMSs), these programs are designed to help perform many of the clerical, administrative and accounting tasks traditionally carried out manually, in a shorter time and with greater accuracy. PMSs have benefited considerably from advances in computer technology, particularly the increased speed of processors and graphic displays, to the point that they have become a viable alternative to an appointments diary and clinical records.

Appointments and Schedules↗
PubMed1974

The practice manager. A review and discussion of the literature.

The limited amount of literature available which describes the work of practice managers has been used as the basis for compiling a tentative job description and for the discussion of a number of actual or theoretical issues which seem to be relevant. A comparison is made at a superficial level with experience in the U.S.A.The intention is to clarify some ideas in a newly emerging aspect of community medicine and primary care with a view to exploring the possibilities for research, training and consultancy in the future.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1997

Effects of farm management practices on cattle grazing behaviour and the potential for transmission of bovine tuberculosis from badgers to cattle.

Despite the large body of circumstantial evidence to suggest a link, the means by which bovine tuberculosis is passed from badgers to cattle remains unclear; pasture contamination with the urine, faeces and/or sputum of infectious badgers is believed to be the main route of transmission. Therefore the behaviour of grazing cattle was studied to determine whether they avoided investigating and/or grazing pasture contaminated with badger excreta, and whether different farm management practices enhanced the potential for disease transmission. Active latrines were avoided by most cattle until the sward length in the rest of the field was reduced, after which there was an increasing likelihood that active badger latrines would be grazed. Most of the cattle grazed active badger latrines, but cattle of low rank within the herd grazed latrines more heavily. Farm management practices that reduced the availability of long swards shortened the period of investigative behaviour and greatly enhanced the risk that cattle would graze active badger latrines. Cattle were more likely to graze pasture away from latrines that was contaminated either with badger urine or single faeces. Because bacilli remain viable in the soil for up to 2 years, there is the potential for bacilli to accumulate at active badger latrines, and these could pose a significant risk to cattle, even when the latrine is no longer being used by badgers. Cattle readily grazed the lush sward at disused latrines, during which they could ingest contaminated soil; the amount of soil ingested increases as sward length decreases.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1997

Physician practice management companies.

Physicians are increasingly courted by insurers and hospitals as partners for integrated delivery systems. A new integrative option has emerged for physicians--the physician practice management company (PPMC). PPMCs have formed in response to several supply and demand factors. They hold out great promise for physicians, but closer scrutiny suggests that this promise has not yet been realized. PPMCs warrant managerial and research attention due to their contracting potential as physician networks in dealing with employers and payers.

Contract Services↗
PubMed2004

Laser dentistry practice management.

Laser treatment in promoting dental care is present in many areas and disciplines. The public has an expectation that their dentist should be up to date with the most modern and advanced care possible. The future of lasers in dentistry is promising. New applications and procedures are constantly being developed. Dentists who position themselves to provide and manage these new technologies stand to be rewarded from clinical and financial aspects. Proper practice management strategies are key to achieving this success.

Dental Care↗
PubMed1997

Managing the gap: balancing advances in technology with advances in management practice.

Expenditure on information systems is widely anticipated to lead to improved management of health care resources. Despite large investments in hardware and software, these expectations are difficult to realise. Part of the difficulty lies in the manner in which information systems are applied to, rather than integrated within, organisations. This paper considers some of the the personal and organisational issues that need to be addressed to 'manage the gap' in balancing advances in information technology with advances in management practice. The issues identified are consistent with the concept of a learning organisation dealing with environmental change.

Case Management↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Uncovering the knowledge embedded in clinical nurse manager practice.

To redesign effective nurse manager roles, data-based descriptions of their skilled performance and developmental learning are essential. This article is the first report of an interpretive, phenomenologic study to identify the skills and expertise embedded in the practice of nurse managers. The data describe how nurse managers operationalize institution values for patient care, and conversely, the impact of organization values on nurse managers' everyday behavior.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

What veterinary practice managers can learn from other health care professions.

Joel Barker, a noted futurist, points out that the best ideas usually come from outside an industry or profession. As a management consultant, I often get new ideas from industries completely unrelated to my clients' industry. For example, companies interested in offering outstanding customer service might study Nordstrom's, L.L. Bean, or Lexus. Those interested in world class distribution might research Federal Express or United Parcel Service. Airlines, trying to minimize downtime of jets at the terminal, learn secrets from Indianapolis 500 pit crews. Similarly, in observing optometrists and dentists, there are valuable lessons for veterinarians. Dentists identified a business model or organizational structure that generates healthy profits. Independent optometrists experienced the onslaught of intense competition from huge corporate players and weathered the storm. The veterinary profession is not so unique. By studying other professions, we need not recreate the wheel.

Animals↗