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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Ectopic lesion of schistosomiasis of the penis simulating an early carcinoma.

A case of ectopic lesion of Schistosoma haematobium of the penis with extensive tissue destruction, simulating an early carcinoma of the penis and almost resulting in an autoamputation of the crown of the penis, is presented. The penis was surgically repaired and the patient treated with ambilhar. In schistosoma endemic area, it is important to think of ectopic schistosoma lesion by such a presentation. Existing theories to explain the presence of schistosoma eggs in locations outside the portal-caval system were reviewed and another one was advanced: its being sexually transmitted.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Sapphire probe laser surgery for localized carcinoma of the penis.

Cancer of the penis is an uncommon disease in the western world, but it causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Discussions have tended to centre around issues of local tumor control and the functional status of the penis after treatment. Since November 1982 we have treated localized squamous cell penile cancer (Tis, T1 and T2, Classification UICC, Geneva 1978) with the Nd-YAG laser. Sixteen patients (3Tis, 5T1 and 8T2 tumors) are included in this study with a follow-up of 4 to 36 months (mean 17 months). Eight out of 16 patients were treated with the sapphire probe exclusively, the other eight patients by scalpel excision followed by laser irradiation. No recurrent tumor was observed in 13 patients, one patient developed a recurrence at a non-treated part of the glans penis after 14 months, one patient showed Tis after 5 months near the treated side and in one patient an incomplete laser resection was followed by partial penectomy after 1 month. Sapphire probe laser excision is a safe procedure leading to a good cosmetic aspect with maintenance of the functional integrity of the penis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[A case of malignant melanoma of the penis].

We experienced a 53-year-old male with malignant melanoma of the penis. A lentigo was noted in the dorsal penis in 1980. On February 4, 1982, he was referred to our Hospital with the complaint of enlargement of the lentigo of the penis and swelling of the bilateral inguinal lymph nodes. Lymph node biopsy disclosed metastasis of the malignant melanoma. He was hospitalized for treatment of the lesion. On physical examination at admission, a black tumor, 3 cm in diameter, with necrosis at the center and unclear demarcation was observed in the dorsal part, very close to the coronal sulcus, slightly to the left. Many black spots were scattered around the tumor. Curative operation could not be expected because of metastasis to the lymph nodes and the lung. Combination chemotherapy with DTIC, ACNU and vincristine, and immunotherapy were carried out. CT scan, lymphangiography and intravenous pyelography confirmed right hydronephrosis due to compression of enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Agenesis of the left kidney was confirmed through these evaluations. Right ureterostomy was performed and a metastatic lesion was identified in the resected ureter. After the operative treatment, chemotherapy and immunotherapy were performed again, but their effects were limited, and he died on May 6, 1982. Metastatic lesions in the lungs, liver, brain, skin and agenesis of the left kidney were confirmed by autopsy. Eleven malignant melanomas of the penis including our case have been reported in the Japanese literature. This case is considered to be secondary to an ureter tumor.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1976

Parental mislabeling of female genitals as a determinant of penis envy and learning inhibitions in women.

A survey of sex education literature confirms parents' self-reports regarding sex information imparted to their children. With relatively few exceptions, young children (and even teenagers) are taught that "boys have a penis and girls have a vagina," without further linguistic distinctions made regarding the sensitive external genitals of the female child. It is suggested that this incomplete, undifferentiated, and often inaccurate picture of female genitals prevents the growing girl from achieving pride in femininity, and may lead to anxiety and confusion regarding her sexuality. A case is presented in which the failure to label the girl's external genitals was a contributing factor to penis envy, as well as to conflicts about "looking" which led to symptomatic learning inhibitions. It is suggested that the ubiquity of the female "castration complex" may not stem primarily from the fact that the clitoris is a smaller (and thus inferior) organ compared to the penis. Rather, the girl's feeling of being "cheated" may reflect parental failure to explicitly acknowledge that the vulva (especially the clitoris) is an important aspect of "what girls have." Because visible and sensitive aspects of the girl's genitals are not labeled for her, the girl may feel that she does not have "permission" to develop into a sexually responsive and complete woman. As in the case presented, penis envy may be a symptom expressing the wish to have one's female sexuality "validated," but which also serves to block this forbidden wish by inhibiting sexual responsiveness and pride in femininity.

Achievement↗
PubMed1996

[Verrucous carcinoma of the penis: local excision with the Mohs micrographic technique].

OBJECTIVES: We report on two cases of verrucous carcinoma of the penis that had been treated conservatively by local excision using the Mohs micrographic technique. METHODS/RESULTS: The clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of verrucous carcinoma of the penis are discussed. CONCLUSIONS: Local excision according to the Mohs micrographic technique may suffice in cases with non-invasive verrucous carcinoma of the penis. If the lesion involves the penile shaft, partial or total amputation of the glans penis is indicated, depending on the degree of involvement. Lymphadenectomy does not appear to be necessary since lymph node metastasis is rare.

Carcinoma, Verrucous↗
PubMed1997

[Malignant lymphoma of the penis: report of two cases].

We report two cases of malignant lymphoma of the penis. A 64-year-old man presented with painful indurations of the penis. A computerized tomography (CT) scan showed a swollen retroperitoneal lymph node 5 cm in diameter. Penectomy confirmed the diagnosis of B cell malignant lymphoma, diffuse large type. Despite systemic chemotherapy with a CHOP regimen, he died of disease 7 months postoperatively. The second case was in a 63-year-old man presenting with multiple nodules in the penis and scrotum. Biopsy of a scrotal nodule revealed B cell malignant lymphoma, diffuse medium size type. A CT scan demonstrated widespread lesions (stage III E). He has been in complete remission for 10 months following, multidisciplinary treatments. We reviewed 21 cases of malignant lymphoma of the penis which have been reported in the literature.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1997

The effect of pharmacologic erection on the dorsal nerve of the penis.

The dorsal nerve of the penis (DNP) is the primary source of afferent somatic input from the penis and is critical in the male sexual functions of erection and ejaculation. Using genitourinary electrodiagnostic techniques, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of pharmacologic erection on the DNP. Three tests were administered, and the changes in the DNP between flaccid, stretched, and erect states were examined. Calculated nerve conduction velocity (cNCV) measurements of the DNP increased with pharmacologic erection because mechanical straightening of the nerve allowed for a more precise measurement of nerve length. The latencies of the cortical evoked response and the bulbocavernosus reflex were not significantly changed with stretch or pharmacologic erection. In the evaluation of impotence, cNCV DNP measurements should be performed on the erect penis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microsurgical replantation of an incompletely amputated penis.

The use of microvascular techniques in the replantation of one partially amputated penis is presented. The advantages of these techniques are discussed. A review of the literature is included; penis-replantation results prior to the introduction of microvascular techniques are compared to results achieved since the advent of these techniques. The superior results associated with microsurgical techniques are demonstrated, and it is concluded that microsurgical replantation is the procedure of choice in the repair of penis amputations.

Amputation, Traumatic↗
PubMed1996

Reduction in penis size and plasma testosterone concentrations in juvenile alligators living in a contaminated environment.

The development of the male reproductive ducts and external genitalia in vertebrates is dependent on elevated androgen concentrations during embryonic development and the period of postnatal growth. We have observed that a population of juvenile alligators living on Lake Apopka exhibit significantly smaller penis size (24% average decrease) and lower plasma concentrations of testosterone (70% lower concentrations) when compared to animals of similar size on Lake Woodruff. In addition to smaller phalli, no relationship exists between plasma testosterone concentrations and penile size in males from Lake Apopka, whereas a positive relationship exists for males from Lake Woodruff. The alligators on Lake Apopka are known to have elevated concentrations of the antiandrogenic DDT breakdown product p.p'-DDE stored in their fat. We suggest a number of hypotheses that could explain the modification in the phenotype of the juvenile male living in Lake Apopka. These modifications in phenotype include a smaller penis size, lower plasma androgen concentrations, and lack of responsiveness of the penis to the plasma androgens present.

Alligators and Crocodiles↗
PubMed1989

Distribution of neurons in the major pelvic ganglion of the rat which supply the bladder, colon or penis.

In male rats a large number of the postganglionic neurons which innervate the pelvic organs are located in the major pelvic ganglion. In the present study we have identified the location within this ganglion of neurons which project to either of three pelvic organs, the penis, colon or urinary bladder. Two fluorescent retrogradely-transported dyes, Fast Blue and Fluoro-Gold, were used. For most animals one dye was injected into the cavernous space of the penis, the wall of the distal colon or the wall of the urinary bladder. In a small number of animals two organs were injected, each with a different dye. One to six weeks after injection the major pelvic ganglia were fixed in buffered formaldehyde. The distribution of fluorescent dye-labelled cells was observed in whole mounts of complete ganglia and, in most cases, also in small accessory ganglia located between the ureter and the prostate. The studies showed a unique pattern of distribution for each organ-specific group of neurons. Most of the colon neurons are located in the major pelvic ganglion near the entrance of the pelvic nerve, whereas almost all of the penis neurons are near or within the penile nerve. Bladder neurons are relatively evenly distributed throughout the ganglion. These results demonstrate a distinct topographical organization of organ-specific neurons of the major pelvic ganglion of the male rat, a phenomenon which has also been observed in other peripheral ganglia.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Skin replacement on the penis (author's transl)].

For skin replacement on the penis and scrotum, only a free split-skin graft (about 0.45 mm in thickness) can be considered in cases where local flaps are not available. The transplant is fixed on the denuded penis with a special thermoplast splint, which ensures healing in. Additional sedation is necessary. Pedicle flaps taken from some distance away are too voluminous for the penis and not adequate. Cases with eschars and granulation tissue must be carefully cleaned to avoid hypertrophic scars. Covering can also be achieved with mesh-grafts in these cases.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fractured penis: a clinical misnomer!

BACKGROUND: A 'fracture' of the penis refers to a tear in the deep layer of the tunica albuginea (Buck's fascia) and may be associated with a urethral injury. AIM: To describe a classical case of a 'fractured' penis and discuss the management options. METHOD: A case report of a 30-year-old man presented with a 'fractured' penis and who underwent surgical intervention. CONCLUSION: This rare occurrence represents a urological emergency and necessitates imaging and repair of the cavernosal defect in order to prevent poor functional outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Total infarction of the penis caused by entrapment in a plastic bottle].

Penile strangulation injuries are rare emergency situations, but need a fast urological emergency management for decompression of the penis and for removing of the foreign bodies. Strangulation objects can be metallic or non-metallic objects and are usually used for erotic or autoerotic purposes, for masturbation or increasing erection. We report a case of a 62-year old male with a total infected gangrene of the penis caused by a strangulation of a plastic bottle neck which continued 14 days. A total amputation of the penis was necessary. A perineal urethrostomy was performed as definitive urine diversion. Bacteriologic examination has identified Proteus mirabilis. Thus, a systemic antibiotic therapy was perioperatively applicated. The further course was uneventful with a secondary healing wound.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed2003

Systemic and cavernous plasma levels of vasopressin in healthy males during different functional conditions of the penis.

The role of the sympathetic adrenergic system in mediating the constant tone of penile flaccidity and returning the erect penis to its flaccid state is fairly well established. However, it is not yet known whether additional nonadrenergic-noncholinergic transmitters are involved in this process. Arginine-vasopressin (AVP, ADH), a pituitary peptide hormone with potent vasoconstrictor activity, may be one of the factors contributing to such control. The present study was undertaken to determine whether or not plasma levels of AVP change during penile flaccidity, tumescence, rigidity, and detumescence. We determined the plasma levels of AVP in the systemic as well as the cavernous blood of 25 healthy adult male volunteers who were exposed to visual and tactile erotic stimuli in order to elicit penile tumescence and erection. Whole blood was aspirated from the corpus cavernosum and the cubital vein, and AVP was quantified in plasma aliquots obtained from the whole blood samples. A marked decline in mean AVP plasma levels from 5.4+/-2.7 ng/l during flaccidity to 2.9+/-2.5 ng/l during rigidity was registered in the systemic blood of the subjects. No further decline was observed when the rigid penis became detumescent. In contrast, no alterations in AVP plasma levels were detected in the cavernous blood under the different penile conditions. The results from our study are contrary to the hypothesis of a local release and uptake of AVP in the cavernous compartment in the control of penile flaccidity and detumescence. Moreover, our findings are not in favour of AVP as an important mediator involved in adrenergic neurotransmission in the corpus cavernosum penis. Nevertheless, our data indicate that the decrease in systemic AVP levels in response to sexual arousal might be a prerequisite to facilitate penile tumescence and rigidity in healthy males.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Development of the penis and clitoris in the tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii.

The development of the phallus from the indifferent stage to sexual dimorphism has not been described in any marsupial. This study describes the morphological and histological changes occurring in the development of the phallus of the tammar wallaby. The development of the penis and clitoris in the tammar closely follow the most widely accepted model for the development of the same organs in eutherian mammals. The urogenital plate that is present in both sexes at birth hollows out to form a urogenital groove at approximately 70 days postpartum (p.p.). There is then greater growth of the phallus in males than in females, which results in sexual dimorphism in length approximately 100 days p.p. In males, the urogenital groove secondarily closes over at this time and fuses in the midline and by 128 days p.p. the penile urethra is fully formed. In females, the groove remains open. The clitoris changes little morphologically from the time of formation of the urogenital groove until adulthood. The pattern of development of the penis in the tammar is similar to that seen in eutherian mammals. There is strong evidence that penis development is androgen-dependent in the tammar, yet unusually it becomes sexually dimorphic at a time when androgen content of the developing testis is low.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Painful sexual intercourse caused by a disproportionately long penis: an historical note on a remarkable treatment devised by Guilhelmius Fabricius Hildanus (1560-1634).

Between 1598 and 1641, the famous surgeon Guilhelmius Fabricius Hildanus (1560-1634) published 600 medical and surgical observations in his Observationum et curationum chirurgicarum centuriae I-VI. One of the case reports bears the title 'Pain and infertility caused by a too large penis.' The woman described in this case report most likely suffered from positional deep dyspareunia. Hildanus invented in 1593 a remarkable made-to-measure device. This device was a very well-considered and faultless curative for the woman's dyspareunia. It seemed that the dyspareunia had a simple cause: the disproportional large penis of the woman's husband. Four hundred years later, Hildanus' forgotten penis shortening device deserves a resurrection in today's medical practice. This remarkable and almost forgotten case report is described and discussed.

Coitus↗
PubMed2006

The effects of age and streptozotocin diabetes on the sympathetic innervation in the rat penis.

The objective was to describe the changes in catecholamine levels, noradrenaline (NA) release and the ultrastructural and immunohistochemical changes in the sympathetic nerves in the penis of STZ-diabetic rats. Amines were measured using HPLC. Nerves were studied using immunocytochemistry for tyrosine hydroxylase, and electron microscopy. Diabetic animals were compared with age-matched controls. The concentration of penile NA increases at least 2.5-fold after about 10 weeks of hyperglycaemia, is maintained for over 40 weeks. The rate of release of NA in the diabetics also increases approximately by fourfold. Immunohistochemical staining for tyrosine hydroxylase showed either no change or an increase in the levels of the enzyme around the central arteries and the outer coverings of the corpus cavernosum. Cavernosal nerves show increased intensity of staining for tyrosine hydroxylase, and the presence of dilated nerve fibres and engorged endings. The axons of the dorsal nerve of the diabetic penis have a smaller cross-sectional area that is most marked in unmyelinated axons. In the diabetic penis, the nerve endings appear to contain significantly more NA than the controls, and the turnover of noradrenaline is increased substantially. There is immunocytochemical evidence of an increase in staining for tyrosine hydroxylase, suggesting an increase in synthetic activity. These results are discussed in relation to the existing literature on the role of amines in normal and disordered erectile function. In particular, the increased concentration and turnover of NA in the diabetic rat contrasts with the fall in NA in cavernosal blood described during normal erection in humans.

Aging↗
PubMed1986

Muscarinic stimulation of prostacyclin synthesis by the rat penis.

An in vitro model for the investigation of PGI2 synthesis by the rat penis is described. Acetyl-beta-methylcholine (methacholine; MeCh) and carbamyl choline (carbachol) stimulated PGI2 synthesis in a dose-dependent manner (ED50 = 1.5 X 10(-6); 2.5 X 10(-6), respectively), whereas adrenaline, noradrenaline, histamine, serotonin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), nicotine, dimethyl phenylpiperazinium (DMPP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were without effect. MeCh (10(-6) mol/l)- and carbachol (10(-6) mol/l)-stimulated PGI2 synthesis was inhibited by atropine in a dose-dependent manner (ID50 = 2.5 X 10(-7) mol/l; 7 X 10(-6) mol/l, respectively). The inhibition by atropine of MeCh-stimulated PGI2 synthesis was competitive. MeCh (10(-6) mol/l)-stimulated PGI2 synthesis was inhibited by verapamil (ID50 = 6 X 10(-5)) and calcium-free incubation media. It is concluded that in the rat penis PGI2 synthesis is principally under muscarinic control and is calcium transport-dependent. Since PGI2 is a vasodilator, these findings may be relevant to the increased blood flow into the penis associated with penile erection. They may also be relevant to the protection of the penile vasculature from thrombosis, since PGI2 is also a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation.

Animals↗