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Results for “PANTOTHENIC ACID”

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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Characteristics of pantothenic acid transport in membrane vesicles of the brush border of small intestine epithelial cells in rats].

A microfiltration method was used to study the mechanism of pantothenic acid transport in the membrane vesicles of the rat small intestine brush margin. The vitamin uptake proceeded to inner space of the vesicles and was enhanced in presence of sodium ions. The findings suggest that the vitamin transport across the membrane of the small intestine brush margin is mediated by a carrier and proceeds via a Na(+)-co-transport mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Niacin, thiamin, and pantothenic acid bioavailability to humans from maize bran as affected by milling and particle size.

The objective of the project was to determine the bioavailability of selected B vitamins (niacin, pantothenic acid and thiamin) to humans from wet and dry milled maize brans which were coarsely or finely ground. Using a double cross-over design, the nine subjects were fed laboratory controlled diets containing unsupplemented bread or bread supplemented with finely ground, wet milled maize bran; coarsely ground, wet milled maize bran; finely ground, dry milled corn bran; or coarsely ground, dry milled maize bran. Subjects made complete collections of urine throughout the study which were analyzed for contents of the test vitamins. Although varying somewhat among vitamins, in general, better apparent bioavailability was achieved with the finely ground, dry milled maize bran than with the other test brans.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Do dietary levels of pantothenic acid regulate its intestinal uptake in mice?

While regulation of intestinal transporters is established for other nutrients, evidence concerning regulation of intestinal vitamin transport is scanty. Hence, we compared intestinal pantothenic acid (PA) uptake in mice fed diets with high, normal and deficient PA levels. PA uptake is distributed along the small intestine, Na(+)-dependent and saturable. Signs of PA deficiency were weight loss or reduced growth, then hair loss and exudation around the eyes, then diarrhea and hindleg paralysis and splenomegaly, and finally death. Treatment of mice with an antibiotic was found to be necessary to elicit severe signs of PA deficiency, probably because mice normally can obtain PA synthesized by intestinal bacteria. Dietary PA levels had no effect on intestinal PA uptake at 5 microM. A small increase in the Vmax of uptake, observed in late-stage deficiency, is probably too small to be physiologically significant. Comparison with published results for other water-soluble vitamins suggests that intestinal transporters may be regulated only for vitamins absorbed predominantly by carrier-mediated transport and subject to natural deficiency states.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Transport and metabolism of the essential vitamin pantothenic acid in human erythrocytes infected with the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum.

The growth of the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, within its host erythrocyte is reliant on the uptake of a number of essential nutrients from the extracellular medium. One of these is pantothenic acid, a water-soluble vitamin that is a precursor of coenzyme A. In this study we show that normal uninfected erythrocytes are impermeable to pantothenate but that the vitamin is taken up rapidly into malaria-infected cells via a transport pathway that has the characteristics (furosemide sensitivity, nonsaturability) of previously characterized, broad specificity permeation pathways induced by the intracellular parasite in the host cell membrane. The transport of pantothenate therefore constitutes a critical physiological role for these pathways. Inside the parasitized cell pantothenate undergoes phosphorylation, the first step in its conversion to coenzyme A. Parasites within saponin-permeabilized erythrocytes were shown to take up and phosphorylate pantothenate, consistent with the intracellular parasite having both a pantothenate transporter and a pantothenate kinase. Comparisons of the rate of phosphorylation of pantothenate by lysates prepared from uninfected and infected erythrocytes revealed that the pantothenate kinase activity of the P. falciparum trophozoite is some 10-fold higher than that of its host cell and that most, if not all, of the phosphorylation of pantothenate within the malaria-infected cell occurs within the intracellular parasite. These results contrast with those of previous studies in which it was proposed that the avian malaria parasite Plasmodium lophurae lacks pantothenate kinase (as well as the other enzymes for the synthesis of coenzyme A) and is reliant upon the uptake of preformed coenzyme A from the host cell cytosol.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Mechanism of enantioseparation of DL-pantothenic acid in ligand exchange capillary electrophoresis using a diol-borate system.

Borate complexes formed in the ternary system at pH 9.2 containing borate, (S)-3-amino-1,2-propanediol (SAP), and DL-pantothenic acid (DL-PTA) were identified by 13C and 11B NMR, and it is confirmed that the binary complexes, [B(OH)2(SAP)], [B(SAP)2]+ [B(OH)2(D- or L-PTA)]2-, and [B(D- or L-PTA)2]3- (including [B(D-PTA)(L-PTA)]3-), and the ternary complexes, [B(SAP)(D- or L-PTA)]-, coexist at equilibrium in the ternary system. Thermodynamic experiments by variable-temperature 11B NMR revealed that the ternary complex, [B(SAP)(D-PTA)]-, is entropically more stable than [B(SAP)(L-PTA)]-. Because two geometrical isomers are possible for the respective ternary complexes, semi-empirical molecular orbital calculations were performed by PM5, PM3, and AM1 methods in order to obtain the optimized structures. It is indicated from the calculated heats of formation and experimentally obtained thermodynamic parameters that the (S)-isomer is more probable for the respective ternary complexes with D- and L-PTA. In the optimized structure of (S)-[B(SAP)(D-PTA)]- in water, the SAP and D-PTA ligands were oppositely oriented to form a rather linear structure, while the diastereomer, (S)-[B(SAP)(L-PTA)]-, had a folded structure. Because such a difference in the solvated structure of the ternary complexes can give a different electrophoretic velocity in CE, the enantioseparation of DL-PTA in CE is reasonably attributed to a difference in the observed electrophoretic mobility for the equilibrated ternary systems containing the respective ternary complexes.

Borates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The role of riboflavin and pantothenic acid in the reproductive function of swine].

Results of the experiment have shown that in order to increase multiple pregnancy and quality of piglets the ration of sows during pubescence and in the reproductive period must contain not less than 5-6 mg of riboflavin and 20-22 mg of pantothenic acid per one feed unit. That level can be ensured either by addition of synthetic preparation of riboflavin (4-4.5 mg) and calcium d-pantothenate (10-15 mg), or by inclusion of about 5% of the fodder yeast mass into complete-ration combined feed.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗