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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Acute respiratory illness linked to use of aerosol leather conditioner--Oregon, December 1992.

At 8 a.m. on December 27, 1992, the Oregon Poison Center (OPC) notified the Oregon Health Division (OHD) that 13 persons in one household became ill following the use of an aerosol leather conditioner and that this report was similar to two reports received on December 26 that also involved use of this product. A review of telephone logs identified similar calls on December 23 and 24, for a total of 29 persons in six households who reported illness associated with use of this spray. By midday on December 27, the product producer issued a voluntary nationwide recall of this product. Following the public announcement of the recall, as of December 31, the number of preliminary reports to the OHD and the OPC of illness associated with use of this spray increased to 400 and involved approximately 550 persons. This report summarizes the preliminary findings of the ongoing investigation of this problem by the OHD.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Oregon vote may mark watershed for right-to-die debate in Canada, US.

In November, Oregon became one of the first jurisdictions outside the Netherlands to allow physician-assisted suicide. Voters decided by a narrow 51% to 49% margin to pass a Death With Dignity Act, which allows terminally ill patients to receive a fatal prescription from a doctor after they meet several criteria. Observers note that the act's scope is narrow and that it would not have aided Sue Rodriguez, the British Columbia patient who went to court in an attempt to win the right to assisted suicide.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2004

Rationing of medical care: Rules of rescue, cost-effectiveness, and the Oregon plan.

Doctors who deal with individual patients fail to avoid interventions with minimal expected benefits. This is one reason that the United States spends more on health care services than any of 28 other industrialized nations. Yet, our money has not bought us health; our infant mortality rate ranks 23rd, and our overall life expectancy rate ranks 20th among the 29 nations. Ours is the only nation without a national health system. Our job-based health insurance system has allowed the number of uninsured persons to reach 44 million, which is 18% of the nonelderly population. This article examines the role of such ethical concepts as beneficence, utilitarianism, and justice in the allocation of health care resources. It also examines the innovative Oregon Health Plan and its use of cost-effectiveness analysis for health care allocation that is based on league tables.

Cost Control↗
PubMed1991

Should basic care get priority? Doubts about rationing the Oregon way.

Recognition of the need to ration care has focused attention on the concept of "basic care." It is often thought that care that is "basic" is also morally prior. This article questions that premise in light of the usual definitions of "basic." Specifically, it argues that Oregon's rationing scheme, which defines "basic" in terms of cost-effective care, fails to pay sufficient attention to important ethical principles such as justice.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed2000

Observations on the first year of Oregon's Death with Dignity Act.

Using data from the files of Compassion in Dying, we describe 34 individuals who approached Compassion wanting to use the Death with Dignity Act and who died during the first year of the Act's implementation. Of these 34, 10 died using medication prescribed under the Act. Using first-hand data from the dying individuals, their families, and their health care teams, we provide comparisons between predicted outcomes and actual experiences, discuss important elements of the physician-patient relationship, and describe several averted suicides and homicides. We also review changes in end-of-life care in Oregon and provide recommendations about issues in need of further research.

Communication↗
PubMed2000

The first year of the Oregon Death with Dignity Act: responses to the commentators.

This reaction article begins by differentiating the authors' data from the official Oregon Health Division Report on the Death with Dignity Act and then provides comments in response to each of the authors/teams who analyzed the original article. The authors use this opportunity to clear up some apparent misunderstandings, to highlight commonalities, and to emphasize a few fundamental differences of opinion.

Empirical Research↗
PubMed2000

The implementation of Oregon's Death with Dignity Act: reassuring, but more data are needed.

Undoubtedly, empirical data from Oregon will play a key role for academics, legislators, judges, and the public as debate over the legalization of physician-assisted suicide continues. A central issue in the debate is whether a right to assisted suicide can be limited to only the truly compelling cases, or whether it will in practice be provided to patients who choose it out of depression, coercion, or misunderstanding. Empirical research can provide critical insights into this questions.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

Routine inquiry of organ and tissue donation: the Oregon experience.

This article introduces the critical care nurse to a successful statewide effort to promote organ and tissue donation. Because it was one of the first to implement routine inquiry, the state of Oregon's experience was watched closely by the nation. The need for, implementation, and effects of the first routine inquiry legislation in the United States are recounted and analyzed in this article.

Consent Forms↗
PubMed1998

History of successful ballot initiatives--Oregon.

In this report, the author traces the background of Ballot Measure 44, which raised taxes on cigarette and other tobacco products in Oregon. He highlights the effect of a positive coalescing of different forces (nonprofit health groups and medical groups) despite initial differences in program strategy.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

Low back pain: predictors of absenteeism, residual symptoms, functional impairment, and medical costs in Oregon workers' compensation recipients.

BACKGROUND: Wide variations in disability duration and magnitude have been noted among recipients of workers' compensation for low back pain. Findings from recent studies have indicated that inclusion of a broad array of variables (i.e., physical, occupation, social, economic) is needed to understand differences in workers' responses to occupational low back pain. METHODS: Workers' compensation and questionnaire data from 340 Oregon workers with low back claims were merged to develop multivariate models predicting: (1) absenteeism days, (2) residual symptoms, (3) functional impairment, and (4) medical costs. RESULTS: Forty-two percent of the variation in low back symptoms was explained by: discontinuing physical fitness activities post-injury (beta = -.419), self-reported low energy/high fatigue (beta = -.227), poorer general health (beta = .137), and attorney involvement in claim (beta = .117), (adjusted R2 = .418, p < 0.001). Survival curves revealed significantly longer claim durations among workers who discontinued physical fitness activities post-injury, compared with workers who did not; these differences remained significant even after controlling for severity of the initial injury. CONCLUSION: Continuation of physical fitness activities during the recovery process was found to be a significant predictor in three of four regression models, providing evidence on behalf of a relationship between fitness and positive health outcomes. However, it was not possible to clearly differentiate pre-morbid from post-injury fitness, nor to determine if this relationship was due to a therapeutic effect on the back, the general restorative benefits of remaining active, or represents a proxy variable for workers' self-care efforts during recovery.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1976

Skin cancer and water arsenic in Lane County, Oregon.

It was expected that the incidence of skin cancer would be related to the known high arsenic levels in water supplies of Lane County, Oregon. Incidence rates were based on all histopathologically confirmed cases among Lane County residents diagnosed during 1958-1971 and were compared to mean water arsenic levels measured during 1968-1974. Basal cell carcinoma had a mean annual incidence rate of 88 per 100,000, a 5:4::M:F sex ratio, and an increasing risk for both sexes in urban areas. Squamous cell carcinoma incidence was 50 per 100,000 and showed 2:1:M:F sex ratio but no urban predilection. Neither type of skin cancer was directly related to the arsenic levels as expected, although sporadic individuals with sufficient exposure could manifest the relationship. Fewer than expected drinking water sources were found to contain high arsenic content, so that the Lane County data do not necessarily contradict previous reports of positive correlation. The basal cell carcinoma pattern suggested that this disease might be potentiated by urban air pollutants.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Heterogeneity of cancer surveillance practices among medical oncologists in Washington and Oregon.

BACKGROUND: Medical oncologists provide long term care for patients who have been treated for cancer and are in remission. However, little is known about how physicians use routine laboratory and imaging tests for detecting cancer recurrence in their patients. METHODS: To assess type and level of their surveillance testing of patients with cancer who are in remission, a cross-sectional survey of medical oncologists was performed. Seventy-three members of the American Society of Clinical Oncology residing in Washington and Oregon participated (70% response rate). Standardized questionnaires were mailed to medical oncologists using a multiple-mailing technique. Three scenarios, each describing a patient with cancer of the breast, colon, or prostate, were included. Participants were asked to indicate the frequency at which they would order seven different diagnostic tests in the routine follow-up of such patients. RESULTS: Virtually all respondents would practice some level of follow-up testing of their patients. Although testing practices did not vary significantly according to physician age, year of graduation, practice type, or state of residence, there was considerable variability from physician to physician. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that optimal cancer-surveillance testing programs for patients with cancer of the breast, colon, or prostate have not yet been satisfactorily defined.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Premilitary antecedents of post-traumatic stress disorder in an Oregon cohort.

The role of premilitary factors in the development of combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder is unclear. A longitudinal survey of 52 Vietnam veterans, 48 Vietnam Era veterans (who served in the military, but not in Vietnam), and 51 nonveterans from an Oregon cohort suggests that while post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms are associated with exposure to combat, level of combat is related to premilitary factors such as family SES and high school experience. Respondents from lower-social-class backgrounds were more likely to fail in school, and those who failed in school were more likely to enlist in the military and be sent to Vietnam. Those who experienced high levels of combat are more likely to have PTSD symptoms as long as 10 years after their return.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Spirometric "abnormality" in a normal male reference population: further analysis of the 1971 Oregon survey.

Conventional criteria for spirometric impairment (FVC and FEV1 less than or equal to 79% predicted, FEF25-75 less than or equal to 74% predicted, FEV1/FVC less than or equal to 0.69 for most ages) were applied to 507 healthy nonsmoking male subjects in the 1971 Oregon survey. Frequency of air flow impairment was higher than expected for a normal population. Of all subjects, 17.8% had an "abnormal" FEF25-75% and 19.7% an "abnormal" FEV1/FVC. "Decreased" lung volumes were seen in older subjects; of those over 55 years of age, 8.8% had a reduced FVC and 11.8% a reduced FEV1. These rates in a normal population may be used as a rough baseline for making inferences about a population under study. Similar rates were found in a cross-sectional survey of nonsmoking males representative of the population of a large industrial state. The major reason for these high rates of "abnormal" spirometry lies in the conventional definitions of abnormality. Tables showing cut-off points for abnormal spirometric values based on a 95% confidence interval for adult males of all ages and heights permit an alternative method for classification as abnormal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Dental pathology of prehistoric residents of Oregon.

Dentitions of 208 prehistoric skeletal specimens from five geographic regions of Oregon were studied to describe their dental status. Comparisons were made of the incidence of specific pathologies among regions and between jaws. Maxillary premortem tooth losses were significantly higher than mandibular tooth loss. A relatively high caries incidence occurs in samples from the Willamette Valley and Klamath Basin, where plant foods were used aboriginally to a significant extent. A high frequency of abscesses was recorded in the Klamath Basin and the Lower Columbia River sample, which also showed the highest levels of attrition. Each of the five subsamples shows patterns of dental pathology consistent with former use of natural resources.

Dentition↗
PubMed2005

Schools uniting neighborhoods: the SUN initiative in Portland, Oregon.

The SUN Community Schools Initiative is a community-driven model that allows each school community to design the programs that fit neighborhood needs in Portland, Oregon. County and city governments, local school districts, and community agencies have jointly leveraged resources to support fifty-one community schools. The program is managed by the Multnomah County Department of School and Community Partnerships. The City Parks and Recreation Bureau oversees twelve sites staffed by city employees. Strong support across political systems aligns funding and reduces the fragmentation in existing funding patterns.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Oregon's state-university collaboration in a national context.

Oregon's state-university collaboration incorporates the key principles of successful relationships: effective leadership, specific goals and objectives, trust, careful administration, and bilateral involvement and influence.

Community Mental Health Services↗