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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Polymorphic locus D6S392 near the Mn-dependent superoxide dismutase gene is associated with diabetes mellitus in the Moscow population].

AIM: Distribution of alleles of tetranucleotide microsatellite D6S392 located nearby the gene of Mn-dependent superoxide dismutase (SOD2) was studied in healthy donors (n = 143), patients with insulin-dependent (n = 166) and insulin-independent (n = 101) diabetes mellitus (IDDM and IIDM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Alleles of the polymorphic locus D6S392 were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on the basis of genome DNA isolated from the venous blood of the examinees. PCR products were analysed with gel-electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel. Significance of differences of allele and genotypes distribution in the population control and patients were assessed with Fisher's criterion and Bonferroni's corrections. RESULTS: Locus D6S392 contains 31 allele from 210 to 330 pn in length and 37 to 67 tandem repeats. Compared to controls, IDDM patients had less frequent incidence of low molecular allele 41 and 42 as well as allele 62. CONCLUSION: Polymorphic locus D6S392 is closely associated with development of DM in Moscow population. This may indicate possible participation of the gene SOD2 in development of this pathology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Epidemiologic and economic efficacy of massive prophylaxis of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections using curantil in Moscow enterprises].

AIM: To evaluate epidemiological and cost-effect value of curantil in "in-office" prophylaxis of influenza and acute respiratory diseases (ARD) in Moscow. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Curantil was given once a week for 4-5 weeks in a dose 50 mg with 2-3-week intervals in autumn peaks of ARD and influenza epidemics. Participation of the population was 50-70% maximum. Prevailing influenza viruses causing epidemic in 1990-1991, 1991-1992 were A(H3N2) and B, respectively; ARD were caused by parainfluenza viruses, PC, P, mycoplasma etc. Efficiency index and rate were calculated: EI = a/b; ER = (a-b)/a x 100 where a--morbidity in the test group, b--in the control. Cost effectiveness was estimated by sick leaves pays for workers equal to the number protected by curantil and wages for those who worked instead of the ill workers or by the cost of the saved production. RESULTS: Epidemiological efficiency at enterprise 1 in autumn 1990 was the following (70% covarage): EI = 4.4, ER = 77.2%; in winter epidemic EI = 2.7, ER = 62.4% (covarage 50%). Close results were obtained in the next epidemiological season. In autumn in the enterprise 2 EI = 3.9; ER = 74.3%. Curantil prophylaxis at enterprise 1 protected 53 workers and saved 11278.88 roubles. CONCLUSION: Curantil effectiveness, wide spectrum of action, safety in oral administration 50 mg once a week make curantil convenient for mass prevention of influenza and ARD.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Specific features of the HIV infection epidemic in Moscow].

Retrospective analysis of the epidemic of HIV infection in Moscow allowed to mark out two periods: the first--from 1987 to 1993 and the second one--from 1994 to 2000. The characteristic feature of the first period of the epidemic was the sexual transmission of the agent mainly among homosexuals; the most affected group were persons aged 20-39 years and the number of AIDS patient decreased with a simultaneous growth in lethality. During the second stage of the HIV infection epidemic changes in the prevailing transmission routes of the agent occurred: injection drug addicts took the leading role. Changes in the ratio of HIV-infected men and women took place along with active involvement of persons aged 13-18 years into the epidemic process. The established changes in the epidemiological situation require corrections in the strategy and tactics of epidemic control and prophylactic measures.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[State of collective immunity to poliomyelitis in Moscow donors].

Immunity induced by immunization with oral poliomyelitis vaccine has long been considered to last for life, similarly to immunity developing after infection with wild poliomyelitis virus. Vaccine virus cannot circulate among the immune population for a long time. The vaccination of children against poliomyelitis, carried out in the course of many years, has made it possible to suggest that a considerable number of immune persons were present among the adult population. The examination of 1,030 Moscow donors has revealed that antibodies to poliomyelitis virus of types 1, 2 and 3 were detected in 47.3%, 45.5% and 76.4% of the examinees respectively, the values of the average geometric titers being low. It is known that passages of poliomyelitis vaccine virus through nonimmune persons may result in emergence of revertant viruses with increased neurovirulence. The nonimmune adult population, especially the mothers of vaccinated and revaccinated children, may serve as favorable environment for the circulation of vaccine viruses and the appearance of revertant viruses.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Integrating self-organization theory into an advanced course on morphogenesis at Moscow State University.

A lecture course on morphogenesis for fourth-year Moscow State University Specialist Diploma students specializing in embryology is described. The main goal of the course is to give the students an extensive theoretical background based on the tenets of the modern theory of Self-Organization and to show them how important this theory is for the proper understanding of developmental events. The corresponding mathematics are bound as tightly as possible to the actual morphogenetic processes. All of the lectures take the format of an active dialogue between the students and a tutor.

Developmental Biology↗
PubMed2003

[Multilocus sequence-typing for characterization of Moscow strains of Haemophilus influenzae type b].

Haemophilius influenzae, type b (Hib) bacteria, were genotyped by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) using 5 loci (adk, fucK, mdh, pgi, recA). 42 Moscow Hib strains (including 38 isolates form cerebrospinal fluid of children, who had purulent meningitis in 1999-2001, and 4 strains isolated from healthy carriers of Hib), as well as 2 strains from Yekaterinburg were studied. In MLST a strain is characterized, by alleles and their combinations (an allele profile) referred to also as sequence-type (ST). 9 Sts were identified within the Russian Hib bacteria: ST-1 was found in 25 strains (57%), ST-12 was found in 8 strains (18%), ST-11 was found in 4 strains (9%) and ST-15 was found in 2 strains (4.5%); all other STs strains (13, 14, 16, 17, 51) were found in isolated cases (2.3%). A comparison of allelic profiles and of nucleotide sequences showed that 93% of Russian isolates, i.e. strain with ST-1, 11, 12, 13, 15 and 17, belong to one and the same clonal complex. 2 isolates from Norway and Sweden from among 7 foreign Hib strains studied up to now can be described as belonging to the same clonal complex; 5 Hib strains were different from the Russian ones.

Adenylate Kinase↗
PubMed2003

[Monitoring of food products from genetically modified sources in Moscow].

This paper presents results of a detection of genetically modified organisms (GMO) in food from the shops of Moscow. The screening methods and event-specific assay based on the polymerase chain reaction is used. Transgenic DNA from genetically modified soybeans line 40-3-2 is detected in 17.2% samples of studied foods. Soybeans line 40-3-2 is allowed in Russian food supply.

Food Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Foci of the rat mite Ornithonyssus bacoti (Mesostigmata, Macronyssidae) and rat-mite dermatitis in Moscow].

High density of the rat population in Moscow in 1990-1991 resulted in the appearance of Ornithonyssus bacoti foci and of cases of the rat-mite dermatitis in humans. A total of 36 foci of the disease were examined and eradicated. A method for the detection of such foci has been developed. Two types of foci are distinguished, communal and industrial, and their specific features as regards the rodent and mite populations and clinical features of dermatitis in humans are described. A system of measures for liquidation of foci of rat mites is suggested, including rat and mite eradication and treatment of the patients. Specific features of these measures for various types of foci and in case of a focus reappearance are enumerated.

Animals↗
PubMed1965

SEROLOGICAL SURVEY OF CHILDREN IN MOSCOW FOR ANTIBODY TO POLIOVIRUSES, 1961 AND 1962.

In 1961 and 1962, 2-3 years after mass-vaccination campaigns with live Sabin poliovirus, mass serological surveys for poliovirus antibodies in the child population of Moscow were carried out. A total of 605 and 769 children aged from 6 months to 15 years were examined in autumn 1961 and autumn 1962, respectively. The results showed that neutralizing antibodies had been produced in 97-100% of the children vaccinated, but that there appeared to be some deficiency in antibody response in children under 2 years of age. Precipitating and complement-fixing antibodies were found in a considerable proportion of normal children after revaccination, indicating the occurrence of fresh infection. This was considered a manifestation of insufficient resistance of the alimentary tract, and suggests that the possibility of such reactions occurring after revaccination should be taken into account in the serodiagnosis of poliomyelitis and similar diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Insecticide resistance and irritability of Culex pipiens in Moscow].

Resistance and irritability to permethrin, deltamethrin, bendiocarb, propoxur, fenitrothion, malathion, dieldrin and DDT (WHO standard papers) were determined in Culex pipiens collected in the basements of big houses in the centre of Moscow. Mosquitos were found to be moderately resistant to fenitrothion (87% mortality), DDT (83%) and propoxur (80%), and susceptible to the remaining insecticides. The irritability was low to dieldrin but moderate to permethrin, propoxur and DDT, and high to the rest. The irritability to bendiocarb seems to be really caused by the repellent action of citric acid which the WHO standard paper is impregnated with. It is recommended to use pyrethroids against mosquito larvae and pyrethroid brickets against adults.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The sanitary status of natural waters on the territory of Moscow (according to the results of the examination of chemical and radionuclide composition)].

The paper presents the results of examination of the chemical and radionuclide composition of natural waters and snow cover in Moscow. Areas with abnormal contents of tritium are found in the underground and surface waters and snow cover. The high concentrations of strontium, boron, fluorine, and barium are ascertained to be associated with natural factors. Areas of technogenically polluted underground waters are identified. Recommendations are given for further studies. Particular emphasis is laid on that the artesian wells that are a reservoir source of water supply under emergency are to be revised.

Barium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of prophylactic vitamin administration to school children in Moscow].

The influence of prophylactic vitamin administration to schoolchildren in Moscow was studied basing on the parameters of their providing with vitamins, physical development and health. It was established that as a result of prophylactic vitamin administration of "Undevitum" during 6 months the morbidity rate (especially, of acute respiratory diseases) decreased that produced a definite economic effect. The prophylactic vitamin administration to schoolchildren in the winter-spring period has been recommended.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

[Dynamics of Streptococcos pneumoniae antibiotic resistance extension in Moscow in 1998-2003].

During the 6-year observation period from 1998 to 2003 in Moscow there was recorded in 2000-2001 a decrease in the emergence of Streptococcos pneumoniae resistance to many antibacterials, while during the following years the respective index increased. The above dynamics in the resistance emergence was likely due to a decrease in the use of antibiotics in 1998-1999. In 2003 the rate of resistance to penicillin was 18.6%, 0.4 and 2.1% of the isolates were resistant to amoxicillin and cefotaxime respectively, the rate of resistance to erythromycin reached 19%, 65.4% of the resistant strains showed M phenotype. High rates of resistance were as well observed with respect to tetracycline (40.1%), co-trimoxazole (29.1%) and chloramphenicol (18.6%). Resistance to levofloxacin and moxifloxacin was detected only in rare strains.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Spread of salmonellosis in Moscow and the ways of its prophylaxis].

The article deals with the results of the epidemiological analysis of the spread of salmonellosis in Moscow. During the last 15 years the proportion of Salmonella enteritidis was about 80% and more. After salmonellosis morbidity decreased to 19.9 per 100,000 of the population (the minimum level) in 1985 its sharp rise was noted. Morbidity rate increased from 31.7 in 1987 to 55.1 per 100,000 in 1988, then to 93.9 per 100,000 of the population in 1989 (the maximum level). In the subsequent years up to 1996 a decrease in morbidity rate was observed, but in 1997-2002 morbidity rate stabilized within 29.8-35.7 per 100,000 of the population without a perceptible tendency towards decrease. The sharp increase of the etiological role of S. enteritidis which led to a wide spread of Salmonella infections was caused by the "chicken-egg" factor of their transmission. High morbidity rate among children and adults, registered all the year round, is the consequence of the constant epidemic activity of this factor.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[An analysis of X-ray diagnostic equipment at Moscow prevention and patient-care facilities].

The paper contains the results of an analytical study held, 2001-2003, at prevention and patient-care facilities of Moscow and dedicated to classification of their X-ray diagnostic equipment (XDE) by models. On the basis of an analysis of typical XDE failures the methodological recommendations for the XDE technical expertise are defined that enable the possibility to evaluate objectively the serviceability of equipment after appropriate repair and to extend its exploitation time over several years without any noticeable worsening in X-ray diagnostics or radiation safety.

Diagnostic Equipment↗
PubMed2004

[Cooperative study "posthospital rehabilitation of patients with coronary heart disease after acute coronary incidents" conducted in moscow region.].

Effect of physical training, therapy with extended-release nicotinic acid (enduracin) or their combination on clinical course of the disease, physical working capacity, hemodynamics and blood lipids was studied in 136 patients. Patients were recruited 8-12 weeks after onset of acute coronary incident in several hospitals of Moscow region and followed up for 1 year. Type of intervention implemented in a given hospital was determined by randomization of the hospitals. Combined use of training and nicotinic acid resulted in increased physical working capacity, improved hemodynamics both at rest and during exercise, improved systolodiastolic left ventricular function and lipid profile. Combined use of interventions produced better effect than each one alone. However positive significant effect of enduracin on physical working capacity, blood pressure and frequency of angina was also demonstrated. The data obtained were used for creation of recommendations on out of hospital physical rehabilitation of this group of patients.

Angina Pectoris↗