Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “MOROCCO”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

The impact of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative on the financing of routine immunization: case studies in Bangladesh, C te d'Ivoire, and Morocco.

To determine if the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (PEI) affected financing of routine immunization programmes, we compared sources and uses of funds for routine immunization programmes and PEI activities in Bangladesh, C te d'Ivoire, and Morocco for the years 1993-98. We also examined funding trends for these years in these countries and assessed the effect of the initiative on the availability of specific resources in national immunization programmes, such as cold-chain equipment and personnel time spent on activities related to national immunization days and surveillance of poliomyelitis and acute flaccid paralysis. We found that all three governments and the majority of donors and international organizations continued to fund routine immunization programmes at levels similar to those before the PEI. Trend analysis also indicated that financing for routine immunization in each of the countries continued to increase after the PEI was introduced. The results show that the PEI did not reduce funding for routine immunizations in these countries.

Bangladesh↗
PubMed1976

[Bovine brucellosis in Morocco].

A serological investigation was carried out during 1974 on the dairy cattle of Morocco. 20,000 serums from all the different provinces were controlled simultaneously by the slow sero-agglutination test and complement fixation. The centre of brucellic infection, which involves for the most part imported breeds, was found to be in the region of Casablanca (27%), Rabat, Salé, Fès and Meknes.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Hospital deliveries in Morocco or how to reconcile different logics].

BACKGROUND: In Morocco, the majority of maternal deaths and severe obstetrical complications occurs outside a health structure. If accessibility to a referral hospital is clearly a problem, this problem can be exacerbated by the perception that women and their family have of the quality of care received in these maternity services. The objective of this article is to explore how women who went through a severe obstetrical complication experienced their hospitalisation and to confront this experience with the caregivers'perception. METHODS: This study was carried out in Tetouan and Sidi Kacem between July 1999 and January 2001. Semi-structured individual interviews were held with 94 women who underwent an episode of severe morbidity, 91 family members, as well as 4 focus groups and 53 interviews with health staff members. RESULTS: Though all show gratitude towards the hospital staff for having saved their life, half of the women and their relatives reported problems of behaviour and attitude of the staff: verbal violence, baksheesh, patronage, lack of empathy and discrimination against certain categories of the population. These result from a complex interplay of factors: the stress-load within the profession, the institutional context which by its failures leads to or allows these behaviours and the representations peculiar to each of the players, the providers and the users. CONCLUSION: In order to be professionally more effective, it would be in the caregivers'interest to set up a system of communication that would place the patient back in the centre of hospital care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[The prevalence of respiratory symptomes and immediate hypersensitivity reactions in a population exposed to flour and cereal dust in five flour mills in Morocco].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, ventilatory function disorder and immediate hypersensitivity reactions in a population exposed to flour and cereal dusts in five flour mills in Morocco. METHODS: The study of 373 exposed and 301 non-exposed subjects consisted of an analysis of working conditions and a medical survey. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The prevalence of clinical respiratory symptoms was 64.1% among exposed subjects and 41.2% among non-exposed subjects. Cough, expectoration, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, dermatitis, asthma and chronic bronchitis were more frequent among mill-workers. Spirometry was abnormal in 31.6% of those exposed: anomalies were found in both flow and volume. Among exposed subjects with a ventilatory disorder, 77.9% had only small airways syndrome or a light deficit. Smoking was the cause of excess morbidity. Skin prick tests were positive for at least one allergen in 65.4% of exposed compared to 27.2% non-exposed subjects. The prevalence of positive skin tests to occupational allergens alone was higher among those exposed (42.4%) than among the non-exposed (9.9%). The implementation of adequate medical and technical prevention may reduce this risk.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Contraceptive security, information flow, and local adaptations: family planning Morocco.

BACKGROUND: Many developing countries increasingly recognize and acknowledge family planning as a critical part of socio-economic development. However, with few health dollars to go around, countries tend to provide essential drugs for curative care, rather than for family planning products. Donors have historically provided free contraceptives for family planning services. Whether products are donated or purchased by the country, a successful family planning program depends on an uninterrupted supply of products, beginning with the manufacturer and ending with the customer. Any break in the supply chain may cause a family planning program to fail. A well-functioning logistics system can manage the supply chain and ensure that the customers have the products they need, when they need them. METHODOLOGY: Morocco was selected for the case study. The researchers had ready access to key informants and information about the Logistics Management Information System. Because the study had time and resource constraints, research included desktop reviews and interview, rather than data collection in the field. RESULTS: The case study showed that even in a challenging environment an LMIS can be successfully deployed and fully supported by the users. It is critical to customize the system to a country-specific situation to ensure buy-in for the implementation. CONCLUSIONS: Significant external support funding and technical expertise are critical components to ensure the initial success of the system. Nonetheless, evidence from the case study shows that, after a system has been implemented, the benefits may not ensure its institutionalization. Other support, including local funding and technical expertise, is required.

Contraceptive Agents↗
PubMed2003

Variants of the human NRAMP1 gene and susceptibility to tuberculosis in Morocco.

It has been well established that the host genetic background is an important modulator of tuberculosis susceptibility. The NRAMP1 (alias SLC11A1) gene has been associated with tuberculosis susceptibility in several ethnic groups. Here we studied the association and linkage of NRAMP1 with tuberculosis in 116 nuclear families, comprising 211 affected offspring, from Casablanca, Morocco. All enrolled tuberculosis cases were culture-positive. No evidence was found of linkage or association of NRAMP1 with tuberculosis. These findings suggest heterogeneity in the genetic control of tuberculosis susceptibility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Chronic cases of tuberculosis in Casablanca, Morocco.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence and patterns of drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates collected from patients with chronic tuberculosis in Casablanca, Morocco. METHODS: Between February 1996 and September 2001, 122 isolates were recovered from 112 different patients. The male to female ratio was 2.4. RESULTS: From February 1996 to May 1997, 77.5% of isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB), compared to 69.4% from February 1999 to May 2000 and 78.7% from June 2000 to September 2001. The prevalence of MDR-TB is similar from the initial to the last period of this study. Analysis of the 69 bp hypervariable region of the rpoB gene by DNA sequencing on 42 M. tuberculosis isolates (37 resistant, 5 sensitive) showed nine different types of mutations on codons rpoB 513, rpoB 516, rpoB 522, rpoB 523 and rpoB 526. A new point mutation was observed on codon rpoB 523 on one isolate. No mutation was detected on this rpoB region for four resistant isolates. CONCLUSION: The high rate of MDR-TB illustrates a serious problem. The public health authorities have introduced a new regimen protocol consisting of 3 months of kanamycin, ofloxacin, pyrazinamide and ethionamide, followed by 18 months of ofloxacin, pyrazinamide and ethionamide (3KOZEA/18OZEA) for this category of patients, and it is hoped that the additional use of ofloxacin during the intensive phase of treatment will reduce the rate of resistance.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Study of ninety strains of serogroup A Neisseria meningitidis isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (25) and rhinopharynx (65) in Morocco (December 1989-April 1990)].

Ninety strains of Neisseria meningitidis were recovered from cerebrospinal fluid and nasopharyngeal specimens during the outbreak which occurred in Morocco between December 1989 and April 1990. All the strains recovered belonged to serogroup A. Serotype determination carried out using the "whole cell ELISA" method showed that all strains were serotype 4, subtype P1.9. Antigenic formula of the strains was therefore A:4:P1.9. Electrophoretic characterization of outer membrane proteins demonstrated proteins belonging to classes 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6, with a few rare exceptions which are discussed.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins↗
PubMed1992

[Trachoma in the province of Ouarzazate, Morocco].

A survey on the prevalence and severity of trachoma was carried out in the province of Ouarzazate, Morocco. In conformity with the guidelines proposed by the WHO Programme for the Prevention of Blindness, a random sample of 30 clusters was extracted from the general population of the province, according to probability proportional to size. Thus, the sample comprised 1200 individuals, of whom 1185 were examined. Participation in the survey was 98.8% and, overall, the sample is considered representative of the province. The simplified grading system proposed by WHO was used to register the data on trachoma and its complications. The global prevalence of trachoma was estimated at 40.8% (95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 30.2-51.4%) and that of active trachoma (follicular (TF), intense (TI), and mixed (TF + TI)) at 18% (95% CI = 12.8-23.2%). The trachomatous intensity indicator (presence of TI) for children under 10 years of age was 12.8% (95% CI = 6.8-18.8%). The severity of the infection is confirmed by prevalences of trichiasis-entropion of 2.2% (95% CI = 1.4-3.0%) and central corneal opacity of 3.3%. Corneal blindness is estimated at 1.6%. The epidemiological pattern of trachoma merits particular attention in the field of public health, particularly in the valley of Oued Drâa, where all the indicators are consistently higher than those elsewhere in the province.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Polymorphism of six Alu-insertions in residents of Morocco: comparative study in Arab and Berber populations and residents of Casablanca].

Alu elements are the largest family of short tandem interspersed elements (SINEs) in human who have arisen to a copy number with an excess of 500,000 copies per haploid human genome and mobilize through an RNAse polymerase III derived transcript in a process termed "retroposition." Several features make Alu insertions a powerful tool used in population genetic studies: the polymorphic nature of many Alu insertions, the stability of an Alu insertion event and, furthermore, the ancestral state of an Alu insertion is known to be the absence (complete and exact) of the Alu element at a particular locus and the presence of an Alu insertion at the site that forward mutational change. Here we report on the distribution of six polymorphic Alu insertions in a general Moroccan population and in the Arab and Berber populations from Morocco and their relationships with other populations previously studied. Our results show that there is a small difference between Arabs and Berbers and that the Arab population was closer to African populations than Berber population which is closest to Europeans.

Alu Elements↗
PubMed2003

A wealth index to screen high-risk families: application to Morocco.

This study defined a wealth index that was strongly correlated with a health indicator: the survival of children aged less than five years. This index allowed the most vulnerable social groups for health outcomes to be identified. These groups could become the target for focused interventions and in particular for health-insurance schemes. The study was based on a thorough analysis of data collected in Morocco in the 1992 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). Results of the analysis showed that a simple score based on 15 socioeconomic indicators provided a proper discriminatory tool for screening families at higher risk of infant and child mortality. The score was based on characteristics of housing and household goods which are easy to collect in the field. The scoring system was shown to be as powerful as more complex statistical techniques, such as discriminant analysis. It could be used for determining who could be eligible for free health insurance.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevalence of anemia among schoolchildren in the province of Kenitra in Morocco].

UNLABELLED: Anemia is a widespread public health problem in developed and developing nations, and its prevalence is highest among pregnant women. In developing countries, schoolchildren constitute the population with the next-highest prevalence. Because there are few studies of anemia in schoolchildren in Morocco, this study aimed to determine its prevalence and its risk factors among preadolescents. We recruited 306 pupils from seven primary schools; blood samples were taken with their parents' or guardians' consent. We also collected anthropometric data, information about social and demographic characteristics (parent questionnaire) and school attendance and performance. RESULTS: More than 30% of these children had anemia: prevalence did not differ by sex, but was higher among those living in urban environments. Factors related to food behavior, especially diet diversity, appeared to be important. Our results found no relation between anemia and school performance. In the future more detailed cognitive tests should be used for this type of study. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of anemia among schoolchildren is high in the province of Kénitra, and the school health system is weak. Decision-makers have recently become aware of the need for an integrated approach to this age group: schools offer an opportunity for prevention and cure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

The localised aggressive periodontitis prevalence in Morocco.

This work concerns a retrospective study of prevalence records and the clinical characteristics of localised aggressive periodontitis in the breast of consultants in the periodontitis service in Dental Medicine Faculty of Rabat (Morocco) from 1997 to 1999.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

[Pollution by wastewater from olive oil mills and drinking-water production. Case study of the Sebou river in Morocco].

The National Office for Drinking Water (ONEP), responsible for the drinking-water supply in Morocco, faces serious difficulties in producing water of good quality at a reasonable price from the River Sebou waters. The ONEP's three water treatment plants have been disrupted or even stopped due to the poor quality of waters received. The main source of pollution is the urban and industrial waste of the town of Fes, compounded by episodic pollution caused by the olive oil mills of Fes and its surrounding area. The ONEP study shows that the additional production costs incurred as a result of the pollution by wastewater from olive oil mills far exceeds the drinking-water rates charged in the study area.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed2002

[Urethral discharge in Morocco: prevalence of microorganisms and susceptibility of gonococcos].

We studied 422 patients with urethral discharge recruited from 4 sentinel sites in Morocco to determine sociodemographic characteristics, history of STI infection, infecting organism and antibiotic susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The mean age of the sample was 28 years (range 16-67 years), and most were single, had multiple sex partners without taking protective measures and came from all social backgrounds; 59.9% had a history of a previous STI. The majority (87%) of the infections were the acute form. By polymerase chain reaction of urine samples of 399 patients, 41.6% had N. gonorrhoeae infection, 6.3% Chlamidia trachomatis and 10.8% both organisms; in 41.4% no organism was identified. N. gonorrhoeae was strongly susceptible to ciprofloxacin.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

[Hepatic alveolar hydatidosis in Morocco].

This report describes a case of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. To our knowledge it is the first documented report of human alveolar echinococcosis in Morocco. Alveolar echinococcosis of the liver is a relatively rare, severe chronic parasitic disease. It is characterized by slow-growing cysts that progressively invade and destroy the liver parenchyma like liver cancer. The discussion presents an update of the clinical, histologic, and therapeutic features of alveolar echinococcosis based on the findings in this case report and a review of the literature.

Echinococcosis, Hepatic↗
PubMed2004

Overweight and obesity among urban Sahraoui women of South Morocco.

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of obesity in Moroccan Sahraoui women; to describe their distribution of body fat; and to examine the influence of age, calorie intake, physical activity, marital status, education level, and desire to lose weight on obesity. DESIGN: Randomized samples of adult women who visited the public health centers during a immunization campaign period. PARTICIPANTS: Data were obtained on 249 non-pregnant urban women aged 15 and older, who live in the city of Laayoune in South Morocco. Only subjects identified as Sahraoui origin were eligible for this investigation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The following data were collected: body weight, height, circumference of waist and hip, calorie intake, physical activity, marital status, education level, and desire to lose weight. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 30% and 49%, respectively, and was found to be very high in younger age groups. The prevalence of abdominal obesity was also high and increased with age. Sixty-eight percent of women had a waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) > 0.85 and 76% had a waist circumference (WC) > or = 88. The calorie intake, the time spent in a walking activity, and the time spent in traditional sedentary occupation were associated with obesity. The prevalence of obesity was higher among married women compare to unmarried women and was not influenced by education level. A very small percentage of the female population expressed a desire to lose weight. CONCLUSION: High prevalence of obesity, even in young adult women, needs immediate attention in terms of prevention and health education among the urban Sahraoui women.

Adolescent↗