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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of keratoscopy, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and retinoscopy in the management of astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty.

Selective suture removal following corneal transplant surgery can facilitate the reduction of astigmatism. We present concepts concerning astigmatism analysis after keratoplasty related to suture compression by reviewing keratoscopy, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and retinoscopy findings. Keratoscopy observations indicating tight sutures include peripheral indentation of the keratoscope rings, individual keratoscope ring images between tight sutures, and decentration of the corneal apex away from a tight suture. The utilization of the Van Loenen keratoscope at the slit-lamp in "dynamic keratoscopy" allows the surgeon to readily recognize these findings and also proves useful intraoperatively. Slit-lamp biomicroscope observations indicative of tight sutures include a doughnut of tissue compression, Kaye's epithelial white dots, and epithelial or endothelial stress lines. Retinoscopy observations demonstrate that tight sutures induce astigmatism with the narrowest side of the retinoscopy beam pointing directly toward the tightest suture. Astigmatism management plays a major role in the future success of ophthalmology and needs to be increasingly integrated into the practice of the general ophthalmologist.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Treatment of psoriasis with a new UVB-lamp.

Twenty-nine patients with psoriasis took part in a study which compared the therapeutic effect of Philips TL12 with a new narrow-band UVB lamp (Philips TL01). The patients were treated on an out-patient basis and treatment were given 3-5 times weekly for a maximum of 8 weeks. The study was conducted in a randomized left-right double-blind fashion. The total score on the TL01-side decreased rather more than on the TL12-side. Eleven patients preferred the TL01 lamp and one the TL12-side, whereas 17 patients had no preference. One of the drawbacks with the new lamp is that radiation times are almost doubled.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Reading by fluorescent lamp light].

In dioptrics courses it has hitherto been taught that eyes of near-sighted patients who work in fluorescent light should be slightly under-corrected, since the near point is approximated in bluish light as a result of the chromatic aberration of the eye, in contrast to its location in white light or even the reddish light of incandescent lamps. The theory further states that this recommendation does not apply if close-range refraction occurs under fluorescent light. However, this is seldom the case. In our own investigations this approximation of the near point, under uniform illumination by fluorescent strip lights running across the ceiling, did not occur, at least not in "white" light (No. 33). On the contrary, under an incandescent lamp which was only half as powerful the near point was regularly closer to the eye than under white fluorescent light. The recommendation for under-correction of pulpit spectacles computed in incandescent light can therefore no longer be upheld.--While many patients complain of difficulties in diffuse incandescent light, these may be due to several other illumination factors which have not yet been fully investigated.--Some fundamental differences between diffuse fluorescent lighting and incandescent lamp lighting where there is a fall-off in luminosity are described.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1984

Photometric oculometry. II. Measurement of axial ocular distances with slit-lamp microscopy. Clinical evaluation, and comparison with ultrasonography.

Photometric oculometry is a slit-lamp technique, which makes possible an estimation of intraocular axial distances and axial length. The technique is based on a transformation of a sagittal slit-lamp movement into intraocular axial distances when the slit-lamp focal plane is moved in the optical axis from retina to cornea. Determination of the axial length in 50 eyes (refractive range +4.75 to -5.25 D) showed that the axial length varied from 21.9 mm in hypermetropic eyes to 26.0 mm in myopic eyes, with the emmetropic eyes being approximately 24 mm. A comparison of intraocular axial distances determined by photometric oculometry and by ultrasonography on a small series of eyes showed no significant differences between the axial length, the length of the vitreous body, and the lens thickness, whereas a significant difference between the anterior chamber depth was observed (photometry giving slightly larger values than ultrasound).

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A system for slit-lamp polaroid photography.

A system is described in which a SX-70, Alpha Model II, Polaroid, single lens reflex camera, and photoflash unit can be quickly and sturdily mounted to a slit lamp. Such a system can take sharp anterior segment prints of the eye at all slit-lamp magnifications, with white light and in the flourescein mode. The heart of the unit is the modification of an assembly initially designed to attach the camera to a light microscope. The small flash unit and power supply were designed specifically for slit lamp usage. Examples of "instant" photos of the anterior segment at different magnifications are presented.

Contact Lenses↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Possibility of using halogen lamps in surgical light sources].

For higher efficiency of surgical light-sources the halogen lamps are recommended for them instead of incandescent lamps. First experimental results indicated the following advantages of halogen lamps: lesser consumption of electrical power per unit of illumination, prolonged service term, and lower temperature of operative field.

Lighting↗
PubMed1995

Differences in epidemiological findings when changing from the Anglepoise desk lamp to the Daray Versatile Medical Light.

The effect on epidemiological findings arising from changing from an Anglepoise desk lamp to a Daray Versatile Medical Light was studied using 155 school children aged between 11 and 14 years. The children were examined on separate days using the two types of illumination. Differences observed in DMFT, sealed teeth, gingival health, plaque and calculus were not significant. The mean DT (+/- SE) was 0.12 (+/- 0.03) for the Anglepoise desk lamp and 0.16 (+/- 0.04) for the Daray Versatile Medical Light, the difference between these values being significant (P < 0.05). The magnitude of the difference was small (0.04 DT, SE +/- 0.02) when compared with observed changes in the mean DT in 15-year-old children in the districts where the study took place between 1986 and 1990. The level of agreement ranged from very good (kappa = 0.81-1.00) for DMFT and components to fair for plaque (kappa = 0.32). It is concluded that there is no evidence from this study that changing the type of illumination from Anglepoise desk lamp to Daray Versatile Medical Light would affect markedly the results of dental prevalence surveys.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Potent carcinogenicity of uncovered halogen lamps in hairless mice.

Uncovered halogen quartz lamps, which are potently genotoxic both in prokaryotic and human cells due to the emission of far-UV radiation (UVB and UVC), were assayed for carcinogenicity in three strains of hairless mice (SKH-1, MF-1, and C3H) of both sexes. As assessed in 5 independent experiments, no spontaneous skin tumor was observed, even after more than 2 years, in 49 animals used as unexposed controls or in 29 animals exposed to halogen lamps equipped with a common glass cover. In contrast, almost all of the 185 mice exposed to the light emitted by low-voltage (12 V) and low-power (50 W) tungsten bulbs, equipped with dichroic diffusers, contracted multiple skin tumors of various histological type, both benign and malignant. Tumors were induced over a range of illuminance levels (1,000, 3,333, 5,000, and 10,000 lux) and daily exposure times (1.5, 3, 6, and 12 h). The tumor latency times were quite short and significantly correlated with the daily exposure times, as well as with the square of the distance (46-194 cm) from the illumination source. A carcinogenic effect was even observed when exposure was discontinued well before the appearance of skin lesions. Both in vitro genotoxicity data and animal carcinogenicity data support the view that the light emitted by uncovered halogen lamps, to which an enormous number of individuals are exposed, may pose carcinogenic risks to humans. Without renouncing the benefits of this modern illumination system, UV-blocking devices should be compulsory.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Development of narrow-band lamps for testing and clinical use.

A compact narrow band lamp for high intensity irradiation has been developed. It consists of a high-pressure mercury lamp, a shutter and water cooled filters for spectral isolation of the light. A mixing device permits simultaneous irradiation with two different wavelenghts by using two lamps. The spectral distribution of the light within the bands is given for seven filter combinations. The construction and calibration of a power meter is also described.

Filtration↗
PubMed1996

Operational feasibility of malaria control by burning neem oil in kerosene lamp in Beel Akbarpur village, District Ghaziabad, India.

A field trial in Beel Akbarpur village, Dadri PHC, District Ghaziabad (U.P.) was carried out to test the impact of burning neem oil in kerosene lamp from dusk-to-dawn in living rooms on vector populations and incidence of malaria. Results revealed that burning 1% neem oil in kerosene lamps resulted in the deviation of An. culicifacies from living rooms to cattlesheds. This was also reflected when malaria incidence was compared in experimental and control villages. Cases/000 and Pf/000 were 1.03 and 0.0 in experimental village as against 9.6 and 4.3 in control village. Discontinuation of burning 1% neem oil in kerosene lamp resulted in recurrence of An. culicifacies in living rooms and increase in malaria incidence in experimental village.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Studies on retinal blood flow. I. Estimation of human retinal blood flow by slit-lamp fluorophotometry.

This article describes a new direct method for estimation of human retinal blood flow by slit-lamp fluorophotometry. The apparatus consists fundamentally of a modified slit lamp with an eye piece containing two fiberoptic probes connected to a double photometric detection system. Both optic fibers are focused on a retinal arterial segment, and the passage of a fluorescein bolus is automatically registered, giving, after correction, the mean transit time. Fluorescein angiography allows the determination of the volume of the arterial segment under study. Values for superior temporal retinal blood flow in healthy individuals show a mean value of 4.2 +/- 0.5 microliter/min. Studies in anemic patients show an increase of approximately 52% in the retinal blood flow. The potential causes of error associated with this technique, apart from the slight increase in intraocular pressure induced by the contact lens used, do not appear to be significant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Slit-lamp attachment for examination of donor corneas in McCarey-Kaufman medium.

An attachment permits slit-lamp examination of excised donor cornea in McCarey-Kaufman medium. The bottle that contains the excised cornea is placed in a holder and examined with the slit lamp by means of a mirror placed at a 45 degree angle. This mirror reflects the slit beam up through the bottom of the bottle. This allows accurate examination of the donor cornea in a stable manner that was not previously possible.

Corneal Transplantation↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of photo slit lamp and fundus camera photography of the optic disc.

The photo slit lamp has characteristics that may be important in optic disc photography for measuring glaucomatous cupping. This finding led to the question of whether disc photographs with the slit lamp showed less detail than fundus camera photographs. Tests were conducted on in-air resolution and of each instrument's ability to record fine vessel detail in normal human optic discs. The results showed that the instruments performed comparably in each test.

Fluorescein Angiography↗
PubMed1989

A modified slit lamp for examination of wheelchair-bound patients.

A standard slit lamp can be modified with readily available components to examine wheelchair-bound patients. This modification minimizes discomfort in transferring patients to an examination chair and may provide better patient positioning in some cases. In addition to saving staff time, this technique minimizes the disconnecting of intravenous tubing, drainage catheters, and similar appliances. The addition of a swivel extension to the base of the slit lamp allows the entire unit to slide between the arms of the wheelchair at a height that is comfortable for the patient.

Humans↗
PubMed1999

Comparison of flash lamp pulsed-dye laser (585 nm) and conventional surgery in the delay of random dorsal rat flaps.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Delay is a basic surgical technique used by flap surgeons to improve the blood supply to the distal parts of a random skin flap. The aim of this study was to determine whether a scarless delay can be done by the use of the flash lamp pulsed-dye laser operating at a wavelength of 585 nm. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: The pilot study showed that 6 J/cm(2) had a selective photothermolysis effect and therefore was chosen for testing the delay procedure on 15 rats. The percentage of flap necrosis of this group was compared to the results of 15 rats that underwent delay by surgery and 15 rats that were not treated prior to flap surgery (control group). RESULTS: Laser delay of McFarlane flaps resulted in an average of 15.5% smaller necrotic area compared to the control group (52.7% +/- 14.4% and 68.2% +/- 9.6%, respectively, P < 0.01) and was as effective as surgical delay (53.3% +/- 13.6%). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the flash lamp pulsed-dye laser operating at 585 nm is effective for delaying cutaneous flaps in the rat model.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1990

Light scattering measurement in an arc lamp-based flow cytometer.

The epi-illumination optics employed in most arc lamp-based flow cytometers may be modified so as to produce a dark-field configuration which facilitates highly sensitive detection of both forward and large angle light scattering in an instrument with a "jet on open surface" flow chamber. Forward scattering is detected at angles upwards from about 2 degrees, while large angle scattering includes angles above 18 degrees. Theoretical considerations suggest that large angle scattering measured around 20 degrees may be as efficient as that measured at 90 degrees for the purpose of distinguishing cells on the basis of intracellular structure. This was supported by the finding that dual parameter light scattering histograms of leukocyte suspensions obtained with the arc lamp-based instrument were closely similar to such histograms recorded with a laser-based instrument with the large angle detector at 90 degrees. Different species of bacteria could be distinguished by means of the dual parameter light scattering device, as could different species of sea algae. The sensitivity of the device is sufficient to measure 0.2 microns polystyrene particles in both forward and large angle scattering.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Monitoring of drugs and metabolites in body fluids by capillary electrophoresis with XeHg lamp-based and laser-induced fluorescence detection.

Commercial capillary electrophoresis instrumentation with XeHg lamp-based and laser induced fluorescence (LIF) detection is employed for analysis of urinary 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) and its major metabolites, urinary metabolites of acetylsalicylic acid, urinary benzoylecgonine in an immunoassay format, and albendazole sulfoxide and albendazole sulfone in plasma. For the examples studied, the data suggest that the lamp-based detector can be employed for the monitoring of pharmacological and toxicological relevant solute concentrations, and thus represents an attractive alternative to LIF detection.

Albendazole↗
PubMed2005

Evaluation of a novel flash lamp system (FLS) incorporating optimal spectral filtration for the treatment of photoaging.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Improvement in photoaging using laser and Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) modalities is well documented in the literature. We report a prospective study evaluating the safety and efficacy of a novel flash lamp IPL system incorporating a spectral filtration system designed to maximize improvement of facial dyschromias, telangiectases, and skin texture. The device was a prototype xenon flashlamp pulsed light. The novel features of this IPL device are the extended pulse duration and smooth temporal pulse profile. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled 23 patients (22 female, 1 male) of Fitzpatrick skin type I-IV with evidence of photoaging (lentigenes, ephelides, telangiectases, rhytides). Each patient underwent test sites on their back to establish safe treatment parameters. Using treatment fluences of 20-37 J/cm(2), each patient was given 2-4 full-face treatments separated by 3-4 weeks. RESULTS: Test sites revealed that shorter wavelength filters and shorter pulse durations increased the risk of epidermal injury. Objective assessment by evaluation of pre and post treatment photographs of the face showed an average improvement of 53% in hyperpigmentation, 39% in telangiectases, and 8% in wrinkles. There were no significant adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS: The novel flash lamp IPL system in this study was safe and effective in reducing vascular and pigment dyschromias in patients with skin types I through IV.

Adult↗