Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “LABORATORIES”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[The effect of drugs on laboratory diagnosis. The effect of ascorbic acid on selected automatic laboratory methods].

The paper presents further investigations for a critical survey on the influences of drugs on laboratory methods. In controversion to the meanings you can find in the literature that ascorbic acid is most one of the important drugs to interfere with laboratory results we couldn't see in our systematical experimental investigation such results. Only in very extremly cases it seems to be right. Selected parameters of clinical chemistry (glucose, lactic dehydrogenase, aspartal-aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, protein, albumine, creatinine, butanol extractable iodine, ferrum) show under therapeutic conditions no influences of ascorbic acid, which can lead to diagnostic or therapeutic false interpretations. Above all the often mentioned example that glucose estimations in blood (reduction methods) can disturb if ascorbic acid is present, is abstracted in an uncritical manner how our experimental results may show.

Ascorbic Acid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Photo laboratory equipment for outfitting x-ray photo laboratory].

The paper presents the equipment of the up-to-date photo laboratory set developed and delivered by the closed joint stock company "Roentgen-Komplekt" jointly with the closed joint stock company "Amico" (Russia). Devices for manual development of X-ray films, drying cabinets, negatoscopes, a lantern, developing frames, a laboratory assistant's X-ray table, etc. are described.

Laboratories↗
PubMed1992

Mobile cardiac catheterization laboratories. Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions Laboratory Performance Standards Committee.

The Society of Cardiac Angiography and interventions proposed guidelines for the establishment of mobile cardiac catheterization laboratories. These laboratories should be established only in areas with genuine need, preferably as determined by an objective medical authority. Safety of the patient should be of paramount importance and specifications as to the selection of patients, transportation of patients with complications, the relationship to a tertiary care center, and quality assurance mechanisms are all addressed.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1990

Utilization of a computer-controlled laboratory workstation (Biomek 1000) in routine radioimmunoassay laboratory.

The suitability and performance characteristics of a recently introduced computer-controlled laboratory workstation (Biomek 1000) for use in automating sample transfer and reagent additions in radioimmunoassay techniques were assessed. The system is based on the use of disposable tips and, therefore, reduces any possible sample carry-over and eliminates the need for priming with the subsequent reduction in cost of reagents. However, the machine lacks the useful option of liquid-level sensing facility. Acceptable technical performance in terms of precision, accuracy and throughput was obtained with the Biomek 1000 which complied with international recommendations on the safety of hospital laboratory equipment.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed2003

A rating scale for wildness and ease of handling laboratory mice: results for 21 inbred strains tested in two laboratories.

Rating scales for difficulty in capturing and holding mice were devised that proved to be easy to use and highly sensitive to differences among mouse strains on the A and B priority lists of the Mouse Phenome Project. The simplicity of the scales makes it feasible to rate wildness during behavioral test sessions without adding much to testing time or distracting the technician from the principal task at hand. Overall wildness and placidity ratings obtained by combining capture and hold ratings provide a good impression of the difficulties encountered while working with lab mice in the course of complex experiments. Ratings of 21 inbred strains during the course of 15 behavioral tests in two laboratories demonstrated that the SPRET/Ei, PERA/Ei, CAST/Ei and SWR/J strains were particularly difficult to handle. The NOD/LtJ strain posed no special challenge in the Edmonton laboratory but was very difficult to handle in the Portland lab. The rating scales should be useful for judging the difficulties in working with novel targeted or induced mutations in mice as well as effects of a variety of environmental treatments or drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Constraint-induced movement therapy: bridging from the primate laboratory to the stroke rehabilitation laboratory.

In this laboratory we have developed a set of techniques that randomized controlled studies indicate can substantially reduce the motor deficit of patients with mild to moderately severe chronic strokes. The techniques, termed Constraint-Induced Movement therapy (CI therapy), involve motor restriction of the less-affected arm while at the same time intensively training the more-affected arm. The intervention was derived directly from basic research with monkeys. The primary difference between CI therapy and conventional physical therapy is in the duration and intensity of the treatment. The greatly improved extremity function produced in the laboratory transfers to the activities of daily living outside the clinic. Treatment gains persisted for the two years tested. Converging data from seven experiments has shown that CI therapy produces massive alterations in brain organization and function correlated with the large improvements in motor ability that it produces.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

HalX: an open-source LIMS (Laboratory Information Management System) for small- to large-scale laboratories.

Structural genomics aims at the establishment of a universal protein-fold dictionary through systematic structure determination either by NMR or X-ray crystallography. In order to catch up with the explosive amount of protein sequence data, the structural biology laboratories are spurred to increase the speed of the structure-determination process. To achieve this goal, high-throughput robotic approaches are increasingly used in all the steps leading from cloning to data collection and even structure interpretation is becoming more and more automatic. The progress made in these areas has begun to have a significant impact on the more 'classical' structural biology laboratories, dramatically increasing the number of individual experiments. This automation creates the need for efficient data management. Here, a new piece of software, HalX, designed as an 'electronic lab book' that aims at (i) storage and (ii) easy access and use of all experimental data is presented. This should lead to much improved management and tracking of structural genomics experimental data.

Crystallography, X-Ray↗
PubMed2006

[Extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Proteus mirabilis: laboratory-based surveillance in cooperation with 12 clinical laboratories in the Kinki Region of Japan].

We studied 247 strains of Proteus mirabilis collected during the 6 months from November 2003 to April 2004 from 12 clinical laboratories in the Kinki region of Japan for the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL). Eighteen strains (7.3%) showed MICs for cefpodoxime of > or = 2 microg/mL and 13 strains (5.2%) were positive for the double-disk synergy test. Susceptibility depended on genotype. MICs for cefepime, cefozopran, and cefpirome were high (> or = 8 microg/mL), and that for ceftazidime was low (0.12-0.5 microg/mL). Meropenem showed the lowest MIC (< or = 0.03-0.25 microg/mL) of the calbapenems, while other calbapenems showed somewhat higher values (0.5-2 microg/mL). The MIC of tazobactam/piperacillin was also relatively low (< or = 0.25-1 microg/mL). Analysis of the ESBL genotype by the polymerase chain reaction showed that 12 of 13 strains were CTX-M2 types. CTX-M9 was detected in a single laboratory. The clinical background showed 5 strains in urine samples. Twelve of 13 strains were detected in patients with minimal devices use. No symptoms were found in most cases of established syndrome. Analysis of PCR fingerprint profiles of random amplified polymorphic DNA patterns showed that 6 of 7 strains from hospital 1 showed the same pattern, and 5 of 5 strains from hospital 13 showed the same pattern, suggesting the nosocomial spread of P. mirabilis in each hospital.

Drug Resistance, Bacterial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Asthma and rhinitis related to laboratory rats: use of a purified rat urinary allergen to study exposure in laboratories and the human immune response.

Using the major rat allergen as a model has made it possible to study both natural exposure and the human immune response to an important laboratory animal. The close correlation between positive skin tests to whole rat urine and IgE antibody to the major urinary allergen in this and previous studies supports the use of this protein as a model rat allergen. Measurements of airborne rat allergen confirm that the maximum levels are higher than those reported with pollen or mite allergens. However, it is possible that exposure to rat allergens is comparable to levels of exposure to cat salivary allergens in houses with cats. The clear implication is that the high levels of exposure are responsible for the fact that a large proportion of exposed individuals develop IgG antibodies. Our results suggest that the prevalence of IgG antibodies (not individual levels) in a group of workers would be a good guide to exposure. This leaves unresolved why some of the individuals who develop IgG ab also develop IgE ab and become at risk for developing asthmatic responses. Only part of this risk is related to atopy. A striking feature of all the studies on animal allergy is the close association between IgE ab and asthma. It appears clear that it is those immune responses that include IgE ab that are a risk factor for asthma. It is not sensible for anyone to remain consistently sick with asthma and continue working with laboratory animals because there are well documented examples of occupational asthma that has not resolved after ceasing exposure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Allergens↗
PubMed1975

Diagnosis of liver diseases by laboratory results and discriminant analysis. Identification of best combinations of laboratory tests.

Patients with different liver diseases were studied by discriminant analysis. Groups of patients classified mainly on the basis of liver biopsy findings showed functional differences which permitted a consistent reclassification by discriminant functions using laboratory results. Optimal combinations of laboratory tests for the separation of liver diseases were defined. Different combinations were found, dependent on the subsets of liver diseases studied.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

Systematic reviewing in laboratory medicine. Position Paper from the IFCC Committee on Systematic Reviewing in Laboratory Medicine.

Each year a vast number of biomedical articles and books are published and based on the articles reviews are written. Such reviews should be performed in a systematic manner. Systematic reviewing is a new discipline with its own methods for locating, appraising, and summarizing primary studies. Such methods have also been developed for studies on diagnostic test evaluations. It is important for the laboratory disciplines to engage in this work. IFCC has established a Committee for Systematic Reviewing in Laboratory Medicine. This committee will work to promote the understanding, the use and the performance of systematic reviewing.

Clinical Chemistry Tests↗
PubMed2006

CytoAccess, a relational laboratory information management system for a clinical cytogenetics laboratory.

We developed a CytoAccess laboratory management system based on the widely used Microsoft Access software to facilitate data processing, result reporting, and quality management for a full-service cytogenetics laboratory. The CytoAccess system consists of four functional modules. The data entry module is for logging in patient information. The result entry module is used to generate chromosome, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), and array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) reports. The administrative module enables periodic monitoring of quality control and quality improvement (QA/QI) parameters and produces billing forms. The maintenance module allows users to update clinical demographics, report templates, code tables, and to refresh data links. We have integrated into this system over 15,000 chromosome and FISH results from prenatal, postnatal, and cancer cases for the past six years. This system is cost-effective, user-friendly, flexible in updating, and potentially adaptable for data mining.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

[Study on decision support system for the interpretation of laboratory data by an artificial neural network--with a special reference to estimation for histological diagnosis of liver diseases with laboratory data on liver function].

An artificial neural network (ANN) was trained on laboratory data of liver function tests to estimate for histological diagnosis in patients with liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and fatty liver. ANN diagnosed accurately 95.3% of the cases for training and 50% of the test cases. Elimination of ZTT, GOT or A/G ratio from the data set for input reduced the ability of accurate diagnosis, whereas elimination of TBA raised this ability to 66.7%. On the other hand, accuracy of physician in diagnosing the test cases ranged from 20.8 to 62.5%. From our results it is expected that ANN may support a physician's decision on the interpretation of laboratory data.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1998

HELLP! A cry for laboratory assistance: a comprehensive review of the HELLP syndrome highlighting the role of the laboratory.

The HELLP syndrome is a dangerously severe form of preeclampsia associated with multiorgan system damage and occurs in 0.2-0.6% of all pregnancies. It usually presents with abdominal pain, often in the setting of preeclampsia. In most cases, HELLP is initiated by inadequate placental vessel development with subsequent placental ischemia, leading to the release of circulating vasoconstrictors. These powerful vasoconstrictors include thromboxane A2, angiotensin, prostaglandin F2, and endothelin-1. The ischemic placenta also produces fewer vasodilators, such as prostacyclin, prostaglandin, E2, and nitric oxide. The ensuing imbalance in vasoactive substances causes intense systemic vasospasm and multiorgan endothelial damage. Multiple genetic, coagulation, and immunologic disorders also appear to contribute to the endothelial damage. Fibrin and platelets are then deposited on the endothelial surfaces leading to the hemolytic anemia, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets of the HELLP syndrome. The most reliable laboratory tests for the diagnosis of HELLP are a complete blood count with peripheral smear, lactate dehydrogenase, serum transaminases, and urinalysis. Supportive tests include serum haptoglobin, D-dimer fragment levels, lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes, total bilirubin, prothrombin times, and activated partial thromboplastin times. Lactate dehydrogenase and the platelet count are the two best tests to monitor the course of the disease. Prompt delivery is the treatment of choice. The intensity of the HELLP syndrome peaks 24 hours after delivery. Extended atypical HELLP has been successfully treated with plasma exchange. The clinical laboratory professional plays an important role in the diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment of patients with the HELLP syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

2nd Sino-European Congress of Laboratory Medicine--strategies for laboratory diagnostics in medicine.

During the 2nd Sino-European Congress in Shanghai in April 2001 the aim of the presentation was an overview on strategies and systems of laboratory diagnostic work. The main focus was to define the prerequisites and the different approaches in the diagnostic work in patients' treatment. In this paper, besides the area of emergency medicine with definition of vital functions and the routine work in deciding between healthy and ill individuals and in the control of therapy, the different aspects in the field of research and teaching are specified. Some aspects of workflow definition and optimization are discussed.

China↗
PubMed1993

Medicare, Medicaid and CLIA programs; regulations implementing the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) and Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act Program fee collection--HCFA. Final rule with comment period.

In the February 28, 1992, issue of the Federal Register (57 FR 7002), the Department of Health and Human Services established rules that set forth the test performance requirements for laboratories that are subject to the CLIA requirements. This rule corrects both typographical and technical errors made in that document as well as provides some additional clarification after a limited review of the comments we received after the publication of the rule.

Certification↗
PubMed2003

Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene's role in clinical laboratory improvement.

The clinical laboratory at the beginning of the 21st century is a highly automated, multi-faceted entity, capable of turning out complex test results on a variety of samples in a relatively short period of time. These test results are used by physicians to diagnose illness, establish treatment strategies, and monitor therapies for patients. They must be of the highest quality and reliability to insure that the course of action taken by the health care provider will lead to the best possible outcome for the patient.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗