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PubMedDate not supplied

Early intrauterine presence of congenital dislocation of the knee.

We report the histologic findings of congenital dislocation of both knees of a 19.5-week-old spontaneously aborted fetus. Grossly and histologically, both knees were grade II congenital dislocations (subluxation), which are characterized by hyperextension of the knee with rotatory subluxation. Comparing the morphologic changes to age-matched normal controls allowed us to distinguish between primary and secondary changes. The most impressive fetal abnormalities were partial fibrosis of the quadriceps, absence of a suprapatellar pouch and incomplete patellofemoral joint cavitation. The presence of these findings suggests that they most likely cause, and do not result from, dislocation. This specimen is the first preterm fetus to be described with the features of congenital dislocation of the knee of any type.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed2001

Dislocation of Insall-Burstein II modified total knee arthroplasty.

Dislocation of total knee arthroplasty is a rare but serious complication. The experience with the Insall-Burstein II modified knee prosthesis, which was designed to address the issue of dislocation, has been favorable. We present a series of 3 dislocations in 1,500 total knee arthroplasties done with this prosthesis, accounting for about 0.2% of cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

A severe autosomal recessive acromesomelic dysplasia, the Hunter-Thompson type, and comparison with the Grebe type.

Two siblings with a short-limb dwarfing condition which we call acromesomelic dysplasia, Hunter-Thompson type are reported. Abnormalities are limited to the limbs and limb joints in this severe form of dwarfism. The middle and distal segments of the limbs are most affected. The lower limbs are more affected than the upper. We are aware of one previously published case of this entity reported by A. G. W. Hunter and M. W. Thompson in 1976. Dislocations of the elbows and ankles were present in all three patients and dislocations of the hips and knees in two. One of the siblings who did not have hip and knee dislocations clinically resembled Grebe chondrodysplasia, another severe acromesomelic dwarfing condition. However, radiological analysis suggests that while acromesomelic dysplasia, Hunter-Thompson type and Grebe chondrodysplasia are related, they are not identical. Grebe chondrodysplasia has been established as an autosomal recessive trait. It appears probable that the entity we describe has the same mode of genetic transmission.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Simultaneous ipsilateral posterior knee and hip dislocations: case report, including a technique for closed reduction of the hip.

In isolation, dislocations of the hip and knee require emergent reduction to minimize the risks of serious complications, including vascular and neurologic injury, osteonecrosis of the femoral head, and loss of motion and function. With simultaneous dislocation of the ipsilateral hip and knee, as in the situation of hip dislocation with concomitant femoral shaft fracture, reduction of the hip may prove difficult because of the inability to control the femoral segment. In this setting, general anesthesia is commonly required. We present the case of a patient who sustained an ipsilateral hip and knee dislocation who underwent closed reduction of the knee in the emergency department but required general anesthesia and the insertion of Schanz pins in the femur to reduce the hip dislocation.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pattern of congenital orthopaedic malformations in an African teaching hospital.

BACKGROUND: Congenital Orthopaedic malformations are common malformations that are usually unacceptable to the common populace in the West African sub-region. There is paucity of knowledge about the common types of Orthopaedic congenital malformations in our environment This study was undertaken to determine the pattern of congenital Orthopaedic malformations in a Teaching Hospital. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective study of all the Orthopaedic congenital malformations seen in our surgical outpatient departments and the inpatient referrals from the wards between January 1995 and December 2003. RESULT: There were 284 patients in total with a male to female ratio of 2:1 and age range between two days to nine years. Clubfoot (CTEV) accounted for 52.8% of all the malformations while Congenital knee dislocation (CDK) and calcaneovalgus deformity accounted for 8%. Congenital hip dislocation (CDH) accounted for only 2.2% of all the cases. CONCLUSION: Congenital talipes equinovarus deformity is the most common congenital orthopaedic malformation in this environment while congenital hip dislocation (CDH) is rare when compared with the Caucasians.

Calcaneus↗
PubMed1998

[Traumatic knee luxation].

This report is based on two case stories. Traumatic knee dislocation is a rare but serious event. There is extensive damage to the ligaments of the knee, but the vascular lesions, with an incidence of approximately 29% are of primary concern. Signs of ischaemia indicate arteriography or exploration, and if the vascular lesion is repaired within eight hours, the majority can avoid amputation. Complicating fractures, ligament lesions and nerve lesions have secondary priority to arterial lesions. A combination of surgical ligament-repair/reconstruction and intensive rehabilitation seems the most promising.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Arterial injuries associated with complete dislocation of the knee.

To determine the frequency and type of arterial injuries associated with complete dislocation of the knee and to correlate the findings at physical examination with those at arteriography, a computerized search for patients with a diagnosis of dislocation of the knee at discharge from an urban trauma hospital was performed. Nineteen patients with complete dislocation of the knee were found. Arterial injuries were seen in six patients (32%). Four of the 19 patients had no pedal pulse at physical examination. In three of these four patients, occlusion of the popliteal artery was seen on arteriograms. The fourth patient had occlusion of an anomalous anterior tibial artery and a compartmental syndrome. Two of the 15 other patients with pedal pulses (13%) had nonoccluding intimal defects of the popliteal artery; these two patients did well without surgery. It is concluded that abnormal peripheral pulses associated with complete knee dislocation are highly predictive of major arterial injury. If peripheral pulses are normal, a low but definite frequency of arterial damage exists.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Reconstruction of quadriceps tendon with Achilles tendon allograft in older children with congenital dislocation of the knee.

This is a case report of two children with congenital dislocation of the knee. They have been treated surgically with Z-lengthening of the quadriceps tendon and additional reconstruction of the quadriceps tendon with Achilles tendon allograft to fill in the remaining average 6 cm gap of the tendon. The patients were two girls, 6 and 9 years old. One of them had an operative treatment previously with a tendon lengthening procedure and it was failed and the other patient was untreated before. Preoperatively, untreated case was unable to walk. The other patient was limping. None of them was able to flex their knees beyond the neutral extension position. Postoperatively, both patients were able to walk and the knees were reduced to a range of motion of 0 degrees -95 degrees of flexion. The mean follow-up time was 20 months.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Complications of posterolateral dislocation of the knee: case report and literature review.

A 49-year-old man incurred a posterolateral dislocation of the knee, a rare type of knee injury. The injury was associated with a significant skin slough as a result of internal pressure from the displaced medial femoral condyle. The dislocation also was associated with a rupture of the quadriceps tendon. The mechanism of injury was a forcible abduction of the flexed knee, coupled with medial rotation of the tibia upon the femur. This type of knee dislocation cannot be reduced closed and therefore immediate open reduction with primary ligamentous repair is the treatment of choice.

Femur↗
PubMed1996

Irreducible fracture dislocation of the knee.

A unique case of an irreducible fracture dislocation of the knee is reported. A review of the literature revealed no previously reported cases of fracture dislocation of the distal femur not amenable to closed reduction.

Accidents, Traffic↗