Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Keratoconjunctivitis”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Serologic studies in patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca.

Thirty-two patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) were screened for the presence of antinuclear antibodies, rheumatoid factor, and autoantibodies associated with Sjögren's syndrome (designated SS-A and SS-B). None of these patients had or were found to have clinical evidence of connective-tissue disease. The conditions of 19 (59%) patients were antinuclear-antibody-positive and 18 (56%) were rheumatoid-factor-positive. We found SS-A and/or SS-B autoantibodies in ten (31%) patients. There seems to be a high incidence of serologic abnormalities in patients with KCS, even when those patients with connective-tissue disease are excluded. Serologic testing seems to be a useful adjunct in the early diagnosis of primary Sjögren's syndrome. The presence of SS-A and SS-B autoantibodies correlated well with the clinical diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome and seemed to identify the conditions of patients who may have a higher incidence of systemic complications with KCS.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Use of pressure patching and soft contact lenses in superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis.

Eight patients with superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (SLK) were successfully treated with the use of pressure patching and therapeutic soft contact lenses. In two patients, pressure patching alone was used to eliminate both the signs and symptoms of SLK. Therapeutic soft contact lenses were used after pressure patching in the other six patients to prevent recurrences of SLK. Our results suggest that eliminating the mechanical effect of the lid on the globe by pressure patching and then protecting the superior corneal limbus and adjacent bulbar conjunctiva by soft contact lenses may provide an alternative to silver nitrate applications in the treatment of SLK.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Canalicular function during herpetic keratoconjunctivitis in rabbits.

Canalicular function during acute herpetic keratoconjunctivitis was investigated in rabbits. Evidence of partial obstruction of the duct was obtained in the infected as compared with the mock-infected eyes. Direct damage of the ductal epithelium by virus could not be demonstrated by histologic and immunofluorescent studies. Our findings suggest that canalicular dysfunction associated with viral infection may result from accompanying inflammatory changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis associated with soft contact lens wear.

Four cosmetic soft contact lens wearers experienced lens intolerance and mild irritative symptoms. All four displayed changes suggestive of those seen in superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis with papillary hypertrophy and inflammation of the upper tarsus, superior tarsal and bulbar conjunctival fluorescein staining, superior limbal hypertrophy, and upper corneal punctate staining. Three of the four conditions resolved with discontinuance of lens wear alone; the fourth improved, but there was persistence of mild upper bulbar conjunctival and corneal staining for two years. No common causative contact lens-related factors were obvious in the four. Three of the patients were subsequently able to resume lens wear on a modified basis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Increased tear evaporation in eyes with keratoconjunctivitis sicca.

The terms dry eye and keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) imply a condition of highly reduced or absent tear film that often is not clinically demonstrable despite the presence of other signs and symptoms. In 52 patients with KCS symptoms, either with or without tear volume reduction as measured by Schirmer's basic secretion test, we found a statistically significant increase in water evaporation rate from the tear film when compared with normal subjects. Such an increased evaporation rate might account for the tear hypertonicity known to be associated with KCS and postulated to be responsible for ocular surface damage. Thus, we propose to identify this group of paradoxically wet "dry eyes" as a "syndrome of increased tear evaporation", which better describes the pathogenesis of the ocular condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Association of rosacea and keratoconjunctivitis sicca.

Sixty consecutive patients with active ocular rosacea underwent Schirmer's test without anesthesia. A randomly selected group of 120 patients without rosacea, matched for age and sex, served as controls. The prevalence of dry eyes was significantly greater in the patients with rosacea. The coexistence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca and ocular rosacea probably causes a high level of symptoms that lead patients to examination and recognition.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The incidence of Sjögren's sicca complex in a population of patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca.

A prospective study was performed on patients who came to a university ophthalmology outpatient clinic with the complaint of dry eyes and who were documented to have keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). Of 45 patients studied 1 had primary amyloidosis, and another 10 had KCS with a previously diagnosed connective tissue disease. Of the remaining 34 patients, 19 had KCS alone without xerostomia, and the remaining 15 had KCS in association with subjective or objective xerostomia. Eight of these 15 patients were subsequently shown to have clinical Sjögren's syndrome--sicca complex, and for the majority, serologic and biopsy findings supported this diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Association of patterns of labial salivary gland inflammation with keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Analysis of 618 patients with suspected Sjögren's syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between patterns of inflammation in labial salivary glands (LSG) and the ocular component of Sjögren's syndrome (SS). METHODS: We classified LSG biopsy specimens from 618 patients with suspected SS as showing focal lymphocytic sialadenitis (FLS), other chronic sialadenitis (CS), or other diagnoses. We then determined the association of the other component of primary SS, keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), with FLS, CS, parotid flow rate, and xerostomia. RESULTS: FLS, rather than CS, was associated with a diagnosis of KCS (chi 2 = 191, P < 0.0001). The severity of KCS correlated directly with the severity of FLS (r = 0.52, P < 0.0001), but not of CS, and correlated inversely with parotid flow rate in those patients who had FLS (r = -0.29), but not in those who had CS (r = -0.03). Xerostomia was marginally associated with KCS (chi 2 = 5, P = 0.02). CONCLUSION: The stronger KCS association found in patients whose LSG biopsies show FLS makes FLS the best criterion presently available for diagnosing the salivary component of SS. CS is a common feature of labial salivary glands but is neither associated with SS nor an end stage of primary SS. Histopathologic examination of salivary tissue is currently essential for diagnosing primary SS as well as secondary SS in which KCS is lacking, especially cases to be included in studies of SS.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of cevimeline in Sjögren's syndrome patients with xerostomia and keratoconjunctivitis sicca.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of 2 dosages of cevimeline for the treatment of xerostomia and keratoconjunctivitis sicca in patients with Sjögren's syndrome. METHODS: A 12-week double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was performed. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either placebo, 15 mg of cevimeline 3 times daily, or 30 mg of cevimeline 3 times daily. Patients were evaluated at baseline and throughout the study for their global assessment of dryness (mouth, eyes, overall) as well as their subjective assessment of the specific symptoms of dry mouth and dry eyes. Total saliva and tear flow also were measured. RESULTS: Patients taking 30 mg of cevimeline 3 times daily had statistically significant improvements in their subjective global assessment of dry eyes (P = 0.0453), dry mouth (P = 0.0004), and increased salivary flow (P = 0.007). Patients receiving the 30-mg dosage also showed greater objective improvement (increased salivary and lacrimal flow rates, as measured by Schirmer's test) than did patients receiving placebo. Frequently reported adverse events included headache, increased sweating, abdominal pain, and nausea. CONCLUSION: Treatment with cevimeline at a dosage of 30 mg 3 times daily resulted in substantive improvement by increasing the rate of saliva and tear flow in patients with Sjögren's syndrome, as well as improving subjective symptoms of dry mouth, dry eyes, and overall dryness. The 15-mg dosage relieved some symptoms, and both dosages were well tolerated.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Molecular epidemiology of two consecutive outbreaks of adenovirus 8 keratoconjunctivitis.

Eleven strains of adenovirus 8 (Ad 8) isolated during two consecutive outbreaks of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) in the Ophthalmology Department of a University Hospital in France were compared by DNA restriction analysis. The results indicated that isolates from the two outbreaks belong to the same genome type, which is also the most predominant genome type of Ad 8. The usefulness of molecular epidemiology in Ad 8 infections is briefly discussed.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMed1992

New developments in the molecular epidemiology of adenovirus 8 keratoconjunctivitis.

Four consecutive epidemics of keratoconjunctivitis caused by adenovirus 8 (Ad8) occurred over a 5-year period in Brest, France. A selection of 30 strains isolated during this period was studied by DNA restriction enzyme analysis using nine restriction enzymes. BglI and SacI were the most discriminative enzymes and allowed the recognition of four DNA variants, all different from the prototype strain Trim. Within each of the epidemics, the strains tested could not be distinguished in this analysis. Between strains from different epidemics differences in DNA structure could be detected however. Thus, the Ad8 epidemics of 1983/1984, 1984, 1987, and 1988 appear to have been due to DNA variants Ad8/D7, D8, D9, and D10, respectively. These results demonstrate that the DNA of Ad8 seems to display a considerable variability, comparable to that observed with Ad7 and Ad21. As has been described for Ad7, Ad21 and Ad41, successive DNA variants of Ad8 prevail during one or more years, and are then replaced by other, newly emerging variants sometimes associated with epidemics.

Adenovirus Infections, Human↗
PubMed2002

The novel early region 3 protein E3/49K is specifically expressed by adenoviruses of subgenus D: implications for epidemic keratoconjunctivitis and adenovirus evolution.

The early transcription unit 3 (E3) of adenoviruses (Ads) encodes immunomodulatory functions. We previously described a novel gene of 49K within the E3 region of Ad19a, an Ad of subgenus D that is similar to Ad8 and Ad37 causes epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC). Interestingly, 49K was reported not to be present in Ad9 and Ad17, other subgenus D Ads not causing EKC. Therefore, we investigated whether 49K is selectively expressed in EKC-causing Ads. Using specific DNA probes, we detect 49K-homologous genes in all subgenus D Ads tested. Moreover, 49K-specific antibodies recognize a high molecular weight protein in cells infected with all subgenus D serotypes irrespective of their ability to cause EKC. Sequencing of several 49K genes reveals a high homology without a distinct feature recognizable for those of EKC-associated Ad strains. Thus, E3/49K is a subgenus D specific E3 protein whose expression does not correlate with the EKC-causing phenotype and thus may rather be implicated in illnesses commonly caused by this subgenus. Interestingly, the 49K sequences of Ad19a and Ad37 are identical. To estimate the extent of the sequence identity between these two viruses, we initially sequenced the right ITR and the hexon. This analysis revealed that the right ITR of Ad19a is identical to Ad37, while the hexon sequence is Ad19p-like. This suggested that the region of identity is much larger and that Ad19a arose by recombination of Ad37 with an Ad19p-like Ad. Further sequencing mapped the crossover within the DNA binding protein. Thus, Ad19a contains a large sequence block ( approximately 13 kb), from the 100K gene to the right ITR, identical to Ad37. The implications of these findings in light of the temporal appearance of the EKC-causing Ad strains are discussed.

Adenovirus E3 Proteins↗
PubMed1988

Incidence and clinical presentation of chlamydial keratoconjunctivitis: a preliminary study.

Using a direct immunofluorescent technique and monoclonal antibody, chlamydia trachomatis was detected in the conjunctival smears of 13 out of 47 patients presenting with conjunctivitis or keratoconjunctivitis (an incidence of 28%). Two patients presented with acute symptoms of few days duration, whereas the condition was chronic and of long duration in 11 patients. Conjunctival changes noted were upper and lower palpebral conjunctival follicles and papillae (11 patients), chemosis (5 patients), upper tarsal scar (2 patients) and pseudomembrane (one patient). Corneal involvement was detected in 9 patients and was manifested as micropannus (6 patients), multiple small epithelial punctate stains (3 patients), extensive pannus affecting the upper third of the cornea (2 patients), subepithelial punctate infiltrates similar to that of adenovirus infection (2 patients) and upper limbal follicles (one patient). Identification of chlamydia trachomatis in conjunctival smears by use of the monoclonal antibody is a simple, rapid and reliable laboratory procedure.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Changes in the diagnostic parameters during keratoconjunctivitis sicca therapy.

In 35 patients with mild, moderate and severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca, an association was found between treatment effect, break-up time value and Rose bengal score. Neither of these tests, used separately, was successful as a clinically valuable predictor of treatment effect as the scatter, in score points, was too large. Analysed together, however, as in a partial regression analysis, an adequate prediction is possible, which is clinically of some value.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Ocular surface lesions due to keratoconjunctivitis sicca: in primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca is usually part of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) which is systemic disease. Ocular surface lesions are ascribed either to the reduction, or to to the low quality of tears. To address this question, ocular surface lesions were evaluated in 20 SS patients by the rose bengal test (RBT). The results were compared to those obtained in 20 normal volunteers and collated with the quality (estimated by the break-up-time) and the quantity of tears (estimated by the shirmer's I test and the level of lacrimal lactoferrin, LF). The RBT scores did not correlate with the shirmer's test results, neither did they with the break-up times. This is consistent with the view that Schirmer's I Test and break-up-time cannot make any distinction between patients from controls. In contrast, the RBT scores correlated well with the levels lacrimal LF and paralleled to serological abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Electrical conductivity of tear fluid in healthy persons and keratoconjunctivitis sicca patients measured by a flexible conductimetric sensor.

BACKGROUND: It is known that the osmolarity of tears increases in keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) patients and therefore could be a sensitive and specific indicator for the diagnosis of KCS. However, owing to the difficulties in using the current methods of tear fluid measurement these procedures have not been employed in clinical practice. A newly devised flexible conductimetric sensor fabricated using microelectronic techniques is small and flexible enough to be placed on the ocular surface to measure the electrical conductivity can be considered as an indirect function of electrolyte activity, or osmolarity. Therefore, we applied this new sensor to measure the tear fluid conductivity in KCS patients and healthy volunteers. METHODS: A flexible conductimetric sensor, consisting of a hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene membrane placed between two gold-coated layers, was placed directly into the temporal conjunctival cul-de-sac. The tear fluid conductivity was monitored graphically on a computer display. The sodium chloride concentration of tear fluids was calculated from the calibration curve and converted to the equivalent electrolyte concentration. RESULTS: The electrolyte concentrations were 324.8 +/- 41.0 mEq/1 in KCS patients (29 samples obtained from 16 KCS patients) and 296.4 +/- 30.1 mEq/1 in healthy persons (33 samples obtained from 17 healthy persons). The difference was significant (P < 0.01). A positive correlation was found between the electrolyte concentrations in KCS and the rose bengal score (coefficient = 0.36). CONCLUSION: The tear fluid conductivity in healthy persons and KCS patients could be monitored without ocular damage, and the measured values were consistent with previous reports. This method will be a new diagnostic tool for detecting tear abnormalities.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Effect of cyclosporin A eye drop on keratoconjunctivitis sicca and its mechanism.

In this study, the effect of cyclosporin A (CsA) eye drop on keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (KCS) and its mechanism were studied. The KCS models were established by injecting Pertussis vaccine, complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and antigen of conjunctiva from isotype mice. Then the KCS models were treated with cyclosporin A eye drop. Changes in breaking-up time (BUT), lacrimal secretion in 30 min and diversion in 24 h were measured. The percentage of beaker cells, the lymphocytic infiltration in conjunctiva were observed. The expression levels of Aquaporin-3 (AQP3) in conjunctiva epithelial cells, beaker cells and accessory lacrimal gland were immunohistochemically detected. The results showed that there were significant differences in BUT, the percentage of beaker cells, lacrimal secretion in 30 min, the lymphocytic infiltration and the expression of AQP3 between the experimental group and an control group. It was concluded that CsA eye drop exerts marked therapeutic effect on KCS by inhibiting T lymph cells, increasing the goblet cells and AQP3 expression in conjunctiva.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Assessment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in patients with fibromyalgia: results of a prospective study.

Patients with fibromyalgia (FM) often describe the presence of dry eyes and other ocular symptoms. It has been claimed that a subgroup of patients with FM might have features suggestive of primary Sjögren syndrome. In others, such a relationship could not be found. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association and prevalence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in patients with FM. Among 285 patients with FM, 40 patients reporting sicca symptoms were screened with Schirmer's I test, break-up time and Rose-Bengal score. KCS was diagnosed when two of the selected three tests gave pathological results. A detailed ophthalmological examination was also performed. In 15 patients the diagnosis of KCS could be confirmed. Eighteen of 40 patients had been taking low-dose antidepressants and 7 of them had objective signs of KCS. Eight of 40 patients had signs of chronic blepharitis and 4 of them had KCS. Fourteen patients showed unremarkable test results. Chronic blepharitis and the use of tricyclic antidepressants may play a role in developing KCS. It seems that the rate of KCS does not increase in patients with FM and they probably have objective ocular findings comparable with the normal population.

Adult↗