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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Influence of method of asymmetric trunk mobilization on shaping of a physiological thoracic kyphosis in children and youth suffering from progressive idiopathic scoliosis.

Idiopathic scoliosis (IS), which is substantially a three-dimensional deformation of a spine, causes not only lateral curvature and axial rotation of vertebral column, but also lordotisation of vertebrae in structural curve extension. In an effect physiological thoracic kyphosis diminishes or even disappears. Method of asymmetric trunk mobilisation in strictly symmetric positions according to Dobosiewicz not only deteriorates progression of IS or even reduces lateral curvature, but also significantly rebuilds physiological thoracic kyphosis in cases of IS accompanied by straight back.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Spine-Straight device for the treatment of kyphosis.

Kyphosis is an excessive rounding of the upper spine. Its treatment depends upon the severity, the age of the patient and the levels of the spine that are affected. Early diagnosis is a key to providing optimal treatment. In a skeletally immature patient, an exercise program or bracing is the most commonly used treatment. However, the compliance of bracing for adolescents is poor and exercise training is labor intensive. The purpose of this study is to determine whether a Spine-Straight device can help patients to correct their kyphosis themselves and there by reduce back pain without the biomechanical support of a brace. The Spine-Straight device consists of an accelerometer and a microcomputer unit. The accelerometer is used to measure the kyphotic angle and the microcomputer unit controls a pager vibrator to alert patients when their posture exceeds personalized thresholds. The system was tested in the laboratory before used by subjects. The results were compared to back data obtained from a laser scanner imaging system. The maximum angle deviation between the laser scanner and the Spine-Straight device was 1.5 degrees. Two volunteers tested the systems for 2 days. The accelerometer was placed at the T3 location and the microcomputer unit was carried during daily activities. The angle measurement was recorded at 1 minute intervals during daily activity over a period of 2 days. The preliminary trials demonstrate subjects can improve their posture when feedback signals were provided.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Study of vertebral morphology in Scheuermann's kyphosis before and after treatment.

Variation of vertebral morphology in Scheuermann's Kyphosis before and after orthopedic treatment is usually measured by the entity of the curve, using Cobb's method, and by vertebral wedging. But the lack of correlation between these parameters and the clinical evolution of the deformity, lead to the possibility of other alterations that can explain part of the kyphosis deformities before and after the treatment. In this group of alterations the inclination of anterior and posterior walls, that express the trapezoid deformity of vertebras, seem to be more reliable indicators of curve response to ortopedic treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The natural history of congenital kyphosis in myelomeningocele. A review of 51 children.

The progression of congenital lumbar kyphosis in myelomeningocele is a well-known problem, but rates of progression are not well documented in the literature. Fifty-one children with congenital kyphosis and myelomeningocele were followed for an average of 4.8 years. Minimum follow-up was 1 year. Group I (35 patients) had initial radiographs at 1 year of age or less. Group II (16 patients) had radiographs taken after the age of 1 year. Curves less than or equal to 90 degrees in Group I progressed 7.7 degrees/yr; those greater than 90 degrees progressed 12.1 degrees/yr. Curves less than or equal to 90 degrees and greater than 90 degrees progressed at similar rates, regardless of initial curve magnitude: 6.4 degrees/yr and 6.7 degrees/yr, respectively. No correlation existed among the rate of curve progression, the frequency of shunt revisions, or the presence of vertebral anomalies, aside from the dysraphism.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Correction and stabilization of angular kyphosis.

Reconstruction of normal geometric relationships, regardless of original pathology, has to be the goal when treating angular kyphosis. Since anterior and posterior spinal structures are involved, successful decompression, correction, and stabilization require both dorsal and ventral surgery. By using segmental transpedicled and ventrolateral Instrumentation System implants, permanent fixation can be achieved. As a result, the length of the compression spondylodesis and fusion time are short. pedicular anchorage and implant design leave the joints and ligamentum flavum of healthy neighboring segments untouched. In the last five years, over 570 kyphotic deformities, including congenital kyphosis, spondylitis, tumors, and acute and neglected fractures, have been treated with this method. During a three- to five-year follow-up period of 40 patients with posttraumatic kyphoses, no additional neurologic damage, pseudarthrosis, or substantial loss of correction occurred.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical treatment of spinal kyphosis following congenital hemivertebra].

The results of surgical treatment of 16 cases of spinal kyphosis following congenital hemivertebra are reported. A satisfactory correction was obtained by use of a combined anterior and posterior operative procedure. Surgical treatment is indicated for prevention, and our treatment of congenital spinal kyphosis in this series was excellent without serious postoperative complication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The surgical treatment of kyphosis with special reference to ventral bone span support].

Eighty-three patients with kyphosis of different etiology underwent operative correction. The results obtained in 65 of these patients after an average follow-up of 5.2 years are reported. The operative treatment produced regression of neurologic deficit in 63%, and most patients were relieved of their disabling preoperative pain. There were 3 cases of pseudoarthrosis and instrumentation failure. The four stages of operative treatment of kyphosis consist of: mobilizing osteotomy, correction, anterior and/or posterior fusion, stabilization without fusion (tumor). The indications for surgery and the choice of surgical technique are discussed. The importance of anterior fusion is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Effect of lumboischialgic scoliosis, kyphosis and hyperlordosis on the functional status of the muscles of the leg].

Simultaneous clinico-electropolymyographic examination of 8 muscles in patients with fixed ischialgic scoliosis, kyphosis, and hyperlordosis has identified several variants of muscular stereotypes in conditions of rest (in the position of free standing), flexing and unflexing. In kyphosis they are characterized by increasing activity of the anterior leg muscles while bending forward and in hyperlordosis, by increasing activity of the posterior muscles of the shin in all kinds of bending.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Lumbar degenerative kyphosis. Clinical, radiological and epidemiological studies.

We suggest that lumbar degenerative kyphosis be included as one of the abnormal sagittal curvatures in which a kyphosis or a marked loss of lordosis is seen in the lumbar spine, caused by degenerative changes in middle-aged and elderly. One hundred and five consecutive patients were investigated, most of whom complained of low-back pain, often with a long history. They all walked in a forward bending posture, either all the time or only when exhausted. In roentgenograms, most cases showed a marked loss of the sacral inclination, as well as multiple disc narrowing and/or vertebral wedging in the lumbar region. These subjects showed a definite weakness of the lumbar extensors compared to the flexors, and therefore a reversed ratio of extensors/flexors muscle power compared with normal controls and other types of spinal curvatures. Weakness of the lumbar extensors was clearly shown by isokinetic measurement and a marked atrophy of these muscles with fatty infiltration was demonstrated by CT scanning.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Vertebral osteotomy for correction of kyphosis in ankylosing spondylitis.

Eleven patients with ankylosing spondylitis had severe disabling kyphosis with forward bending of the upper part of the spine. The kyphosis was corrected by osteotomy by removal of a wedge composed of the spinous processes and the neural arch of the second lumbar vertebra and by excision of bone from the inside of the posterior part of the vertebral body of L2. By hyperextending the spine, a wedge fracture occurs in the vertebral body, producing lordosis and correction of the deformity without an anterior opening of the lumbar discs.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Juvenile kyphosis].

The Authors discuss the juvenile kyphosis, a relatively frequent but neglected pathology. They consider the two significant clinical pictures: postural kyphosis and Scheuermann disease with their clinical, radiographic and therapeutic aspects. In the first entity repeated controls, a correct bearing, physical training and sport are necessary. In the second the treatment is based on physiokinesitherapy and a modified Milwaukee brace for an average time of 21 months. Are considered in this paper 64 cases of Scheuermann disease treated between 1977 and 1982 by the Orthopedic Clinic of the University of Parma, with relative results, classified as positive.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Post-traumatic kyphosis. A review of forty-eight surgically treated patients.

We reviewed the cases of forty-eight patients who were treated surgically for symptomatic post-traumatic kyphosis of the thoracic or lumbar spine six months or longer after the initial injury. Presenting signs and symptoms included pain in 94 per cent, progression of kyphosis in 46 per cent, instability in 36 per cent, and increasing neural deficit in 27 per cent. Twenty-four patients had had a prior laminectomy. Posterior fusion (sixteen patients) and combined anterior and posterior fusion (twenty patients) always resulted in primary fusion. Anterior fusion alone was attempted in twelve patients, but failed in six. The average final correction of the deformity was 26 per cent. Pain was reduced significantly in 31 per cent of the patients and was relieved completely in 67 per cent. Fourteen of the forty-eight patients also had an anterior decompression, of whom five were neurologically improved, four were unchanged or stabilized, and four were immediately worse after operation. One patient was neurologically stable for twenty-three months postoperatively and then deteriorated again. No patients were neurologically improved following posterolateral decompression or repeat exploratory laminectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Spondylolisthesis: the angle of kyphosis.

A reproducible method of measurement of kyphosis in spondylolisthesis using the cranial surface of the fifth lumbar vertebra and the caudal surface of the first sacral vertebra is described. This measurement is useful in the prognosis of spondylolisthetic patients as the progression of slipping is determined by both the angle of kyphosis and degree of slip. The angle is also important in operative correction of spondylolisthesis. This method is readily used and reproduced in severe slips.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vertebral osteochondrosis (Scheuermann's kyphosis).

Scheuermann's juvenile kyphosis may be considered a form of vertebral osteochondrosis. Although the etiology remains unknown, the ultimate effect is a disorderliness of vertebral growth in the growth plate cartilage. The biomechanical effects of increased kyphosis on saggital plane deformity, especially in a growing child, serve to aggravate this deformity.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1981

Bone scintigraphy in patients with juvenile kyphosis (M. Scheuermann).

A group of 32 patients between 10 and 16 years of age with a positive history and physical examination of juvenile kyphosis were studied. Both radiological and nuclear bone scanning studies of the spinal column were performed. Despite gross radiological abnormalities of the spinal column due to M. Scheuermann the bone scan was always negative. In 2 patients increased radionuclide accumulation was found due to active spondylodiscitis and a healing discitis. Our conclusion is that when a positive bone scan of a patient with M. Scheuermann is found one should consider other causes of involvement of the spinal column than juvenile kyphosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Anterior fresh frozen structural allografts in the thoracic and lumbar spine. Do they work if combined with posterior fusion and instrumentation in adult patients with kyphosis or anterior column defects?

STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective study of 24 adult patients with kyphosis or anterior column spinal defects treated with anterior fresh frozen allograft for anterior column defects and posterior instrumentation and autogenous grafting. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of the study were to assess the effectiveness of the anterior allograft in maintaining sagittal correction and to assess anterior incorporation. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Twenty-four patients were followed for a minimum of 2 years (range, 2 + 0-5 + 4 years). METHODS: Upright radiographs were analyzed before surgery, immediately after surgery, and at the final follow-up examination to assess success of anterior fusion and maintenance of correction. A strict four-point grading system was used. Two independent observers analyzed the radiographic results. RESULTS: Only two patients showed some collapse of their anterior allograft. The other 22 patients maintained correction, attaining a Grade I or Grade II fusion. Semiconstrained instrumentation ws used posteriorly in the two patients who had graft collapse. CONCLUSIONS: Anterior structural allograft worked effectively to maintain correction of kyphosis if combined with posterior instrumentation and autogenous grafting. Rigid forms of posterior instrumentation were preferred.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Aortic elongation: merely mimicked in increased thoracic kyphosis? radiologic-pathologic correlation].

The purpose of this investigation was to demonstrate that the radiologically "elongated" thoracic aorta corresponds to an increase in anatomical aortic length and is not merely mimicked by increased thoracic kyphosis with shortening of the thoracic cage. 50 consecutive autopsies were included (age at death: 33-90 years, mean 65.1 years). Radiologically, mediastinal width was measured on in vivo posteroanterior radiographs, and a scoring system was used to assess aortic elongation semiquantitatively. The angle of kyphosis was measured on lateral in vivo radiographs that had been obtained in a standardized fashion. With relative aortic length defined as anatomical aortic length divided by body length, there was a statistically significant correlation with radiological mediastinal width and the radiological scoring system (p < 0.001). However, there was no statistically significant correlation between relative aortic length and radiological mediastinal width (p = 0.47) and the radiological scoring system (p = 0.56). Therefore, the radiological diagnosis of aortic elongation appears to correspond to true aortic lengthening.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Congenital kyphosis.

Congenital kyphosis is a rare spinal deformity, and many physicians are unfamiliar with its proper treatment. Following a case report, this article presents a brief synopsis of the literature. We present the case history of a 45-year-old woman with a congenital kyphosis of 140 degrees who has been followed at our institution for 39 years. No treatment was ever prescribed, affording the unique opportunity to study the natural history of this entity in a particular patient.

Child↗