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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Effect of chlorpromazine on skeletogenesis. The result of maternal administration of the drug in experimental rats.

Chlorpromazine hydrochloride (CPZ) is known to induce intrauterine and extrauterine growth retardation. A single dose of CPZ (100 mg/kg) was administered to pregnant CF rats on the 14th day of gestation (sperm positive=day 0). Fetuses were collected from the 16th to the 20th day of gestation and processed for alizarin red-S stain. Ossification was delayed by 1 to 3 days in the long bones of the extremities, by 1 day in the scapulae and by 2 to 3 days in the ilium. Ischium and pubis remained unossified until the 20th day of gestation. Ossification of the skull bones was also delayed as manifested by the presence of wide sutures in the treated cases. The number and range of ossified vertebral bodies and arches in the treated group were always less than those in the control group. The sternebrae were most affected. The ribs also showed a significant delay in maturity.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Gait characteristics of sciatic nerve palsy--a report of four cases.

There are few reports concerning the gait characteristics of sciatic nerve palsy. Four cases, one with complete palsy and three with incomplete palsy, are presented. Complete palsy (case 1) was due to sacrifice of the sciatic nerve in a wide excision for chondrosarcoma in the left ischium. Incomplete palsy (cases 2, 3, and 4) was due to contusion incurred in traffic accidents. It is noteworthy that all four patients could walk with or without a short-leg brace. But the patients with complete loss of proprioception distal to the ankle (cases 1 and 2) had to watch their steps while walking to maintain their walking balance. This clinical analysis revealed that proprioceptive impairment of the sciatic nerve caused a walking disability even though the palsy was incomplete.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Femoral lengthening after transfemoral amputation.

This retrospective study included four patients with transfemoral amputations who had undergone six lengthenings of their residual femurs. Initial femoral bone lengths averaged 15.5 cm with a mean final length of 21 cm. The average gain of limb length (ischium to end of soft tissue), however, was 2 cm (15%). Second lengthenings resulted in only 17% additional bone length, compared to 50% for first lengthenings. Treatment time was protracted and complications resulted from infection, bone healing, and pin migration. However, all patients reported substantial improvement in walking function and prosthetic use.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Aggressive angiomyxoma in the scrotum: a case report].

A case of aggressive angiomyxoma occurring in the scrotum is reported. A 57-year-old Japanese man presented with a 2-year history of non-tender soft mass in the scrotum. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well-defined mass 8 cm in diameter extending from the medial aspect of the left ischium. Angiography revealed faint vascularity fed by the left internal pudendal artery. Excision was performed by a scrotal approach, and histological examination confirmed an aggressive angiomyxoma. The patient showed no recurrence at 3 months follow-up.

Female↗
PubMed1999

Transcutaneous oxygen tension in subjects with tetraplegia with and without pressure ulcers: a preliminary report.

This study compared transcutaneous oxygen tension (TcpO2) in subjects with paraplegia and pressure ulcers (PU), those with paraplegia and no pressure ulcer (NPU), and ambulatory controls. TcpO2 was measured using a surface-electrode monitoring system, recorded at 1-min intervals for 5 min and averaged. Mean TcpO2 was significantly lower in the PU than the NPU and control groups (23.53+/-1.83 vs. 58.93+/-2.53 and 79.70+/-6.77 mmHg, respectively, p<0.05). In a PU subgroup (n=4) mean TcpO2 of the pressure ulcer and nonpressure ulcer sides (trochanter or ischium) were significantly different (21.05+/-2.98 vs. 67.65+/-2.11 mmHg, respectively, p<0.001). Additionally, the NPU group demonstrated significantly lower TcpO2 than the controls. PUs had a greater reduction in TcpO2 levels relative to controls than NPUs. No association was found between TcpO2 and duration of injury, completeness of lesion, or smoking history. Thus, TcpO2 may be an effective method to identify individuals who are susceptible to pressure ulcers. The further attenuation of TcpO2 observed in the PU group may be useful to help predict whether ulcers will heal with local care or will require additional treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Pressure sores: an operant conditioning approach to prevention.

A training system for the prevention of pressure sores has been designed to teach the paralytic person to relieve pressure intermittently from his ischium while sitting in a wheelchair. The system automates the training of wheelchair pushups, and conditions the person into exercising, based upon modified avoidance learning procedures. Results indicate that the paralytic person can be trained to pushup intermittently and efficiently using this system, thus reducing the incidence of pressure sore formation. Further long-term study is needed to assess the effectiveness of the training system as a preventative program for pressure sores.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Skeletal dysplasia and osteoporosis due to inadequate athletic].

Athletic load is an important factor that has an influence on the growth, development and mature of skeleton. In patients who had the functional disorder of hip joint resulting from hip diseases during their teen-ages, skeletal dysplasia and osteoporosis would occur. The present paper reported 30 cases of unilateral hip disorder. The patients were 20 men and 10 women whose age ranged from 2 to 20 years. The course of disease lasted 2 to 49 years. Their primary diseases included suppurant hip arthritis (16 cases), tuberculous arthritis of hip (10 cases), and others (4 cases). The follow-up study revealed fixed hip joint in 18 cases, positive Thomas sign in 22 cases, limited motion of hip joint in 12 cases, and unequal length of lower extremities in 25 cases; at the same time X-ray films showed ankylosis of hip at normal position in 10 patients, dislocation with ankylosis of hip in 13 patients, arthritic disorder of hip in 7 patients, skeletal dysplacia of ischium and pubis in 18 patients, and skeletal dysplasia of femur in 22 patients. All patients had osteoporosis. A discussion about the basic mechanism for skeletal dysplasia and osteoporosis following inadequate athletic load is presented. We believe that the skeletal dysplasia and osteoporosis in our group were caused by the diseases that led to inadequate athletic load. Therefore it is important to provide a thorough treatment and help the patients to their strength to be loaded in time.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Malignant degeneration of a chondromyxoid fibroma in a child.

A 10-year-old boy was treated for a chondromyxoid fibroma of the left femur by curettage, and 2 months later complete healing was demonstrated radiographically. Three years after operation, radiographs revealed replacement of the ilium, ischium and upper femur, and destruction of the left hip by a soft-tissue and bony mass; a left hemipelvectomy was performed for what was shown to be a chondrosarcoma. Follow-up 10 years after the initial operation and 7 years after the hemipelvectomy has confirmed uneventful recovery in this rare case of malignant degeneration of a proven chondromyxoid fibroma of bone.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphological features and measurements in a human fetus with karyotype 69, XXX: comparison with fetuses of the same CRL, without chromosomal anomalies.

A triploid fetus (karyotype 69, XXX) with crown-rump length (CRL) 94 mm, presenting micro- and retrognathia, low-set ears and crooked feet, was cleared and double-stained with alizarin red S and alcian blue for detecting the ossification patterns in the vertebral column, ribs, ischium, limbs, and face. Longitudinal measurements of some long bones in the upper (humerus, ulna, radius) and lower (femur, tibia, fibula) limb were taken. The values of both the total length (TL) and the ossified part (OL) of each long bone, as well as the OL/TL per cent ratio were considered. Reference points were located on the mandible, i.e. condylar process (Pcl), coronoid process (Pco), gnathion (GN), gonion (GO), superior symphyseal point (SSP) for measuring linear dimensions. Since the aim of this work was to assess the influence of triploidy 69, XXX the skeletal development and growth patterns, all values obtained in the examined specimen were related with those relative to a group of fetuses, without any detectable malformation and chromosomal anomalies, with a CRL mean value of 93 mm. Results evidenced that the triploid fetus presented growth restriction and that the vertebral centra ossification and the mandibular development were much delayed with the normal ossification patterns.

Alcian Blue↗
PubMed1998

[Classification and related operation procedures of pelvic tumor treated with partial pelvic resection].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a classification system of pelvic tumor in terms of the location of lesion in order to project surgical treatment with less extent of damage to the affected limb function. METHOD: Thirty-six cases were treated by partial pelvic resection with limb salvage, and 20 were followed up. The lesions were divided into four groups on the basis of sacral-iliac and/or hip joint involved. In group I, lesion was noted in the ischium or pubis only;in group II the lesion was located at sacral-iliac joint or hip joint. The patients with acetabulum involved were classified into group III both sacral-iliac joint and hip joint were destroyed by tumor in group IV. Surgical treatment was designed as resection, resection with sacral-iliac joint reconstruction, resection without hip joint reconstruction according to the classification of the lesion. The patients in group IV were treated with traditional hemi-pelvic amputation. RESULT: Patients were followed up from 4 months to 14 years (average 51.7 months). The limb function was preserved to some extent, and pelvic stability was satisfactory. Walking gait was not chlanged significant in group I and II. But resection without hip joint reconstruction in group III resulted in limb discrepancy (4.0 - 8.0 cm) and walking lamely. The patients needed custom-made shoes with heightened heel, but some of them walked with crutch when the discrepancy exceeded 8 cm. There were no nerve and vessel injury in the long run. The strength of muscles around hip joint was III - IV grade after postoperative exercise, and the capability of walking and viability recovered 3 months after the operation. CONCLUSION: Different surgical treatments should be selected according to the site of pelvic tumor. The classification system depending on the lesion's location in pelvic tumor is useful in selecting operative procedure to retain limb function to great extent.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphological observations and morphometric analysis in three human fetuses with bilateral cervical cystic hygroma.

Three human fetuses (crown-rump length, CRL, ranging from 71 to 77 mm), presenting bilateral cervical cystic hygroma were examined. The specimens were cleared and double-stained with alcian blue and alizarin red S for detecting the ossification growth patterns in the vertebral column, ribs, ischium, limbs, and face. Longitudinal measurements of some long bones in the upper (humerus, ulna, radius) and lower (femur, tibia, fibula) limb were taken. The values of both the total length (TL) and the ossified part (OL) of each long bone, as well as the OL/TL per cent ratio were considered. Reference points were located on the mandible, i.e. condylar process (Pcl), coronoid process (Pco), gnathion (GN), gonion (GO), inferior interdental point (IDI) for measuring linear dimensions. All values obtained were related with those relative to a group of fetuses, without any detectable malformation and chromosomal abnormalities, with CRL mean value 75 mm, in order to assess the presence of further anomalies, besides the cystic hygroma, in the three fetuses considered.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed2002

Evaluating the efficacy of a uniquely delivered skin protectant and its effect on the formation of sacral/buttock pressure ulcers.

Skin breakdown is a common adverse occurrence in healthcare facilities; effective management of related risk factors is critical for prevention. Measures focusing on the skin care of patients with incontinence are recommended to reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers on the sacrum and ischium. However, little research exists to support these recommendations. A retrospective study was conducted to determine if the use of a skin cleansing/protectant product on residents with incontinence decreased the incidence of nosocomial pressure ulcers in the sacral/buttock area. Chart data from all residents with incontinence of a 57-bed, long-term care, skilled nursing home that employs a comprehensive approach to pressure ulcer prevention were collected for a period of 3 months before use of the new product and for 3 months following introduction of the new product. During the first 3 months, five (14.7%) of the 34 incontinent residents developed superficial pressure ulcers (20% were Stage I, 80% were Stage II). Following the change in skin care, no pressure ulcers occurred in the 30 residents with incontinence. The observed decrease (McNemar's chi-square = 4.786, df = 1, Phi = -.273, P =.015) suggests a significant association between the consistent application of a skin protectant and the prevention of skin breakdown. The results of this study demonstrate that, in this population, and in the presence of a comprehensive pressure ulcer prevention program, use of this skin protectant can significantly reduce the incidence of nosocomial sacral/buttocks pressure ulcers.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Factors regulating the metastatic potential of benign giant cell tumour of bone--study of an unusual case with short review of literature.

Benign giant cell tumour of bone with metastases to other bones and lungs is extremely rare. Benign metastasising giant cell tumour is distinctly separate from multicentric giant cell tumour, primary and secondary malignant giant cell tumour. Factors regulating the local recurrence and metastatic potential of this benign tumour depend on its aggressiveness which can be better assessed by clinical and radiological parameters rather than the histopathological appearance. A benign giant cell tumour of ischium with metastasis to vertebra and lung over an eleven year period is discussed. Extreme paucity of literature prompted to publish the article. A short review of factors determining the recurrence and metastatic spread of benign giant cell tumour of bone is highlighted.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pelvic osteomyelitis in children: a comparison of decades from 1980-1989 with 1990-2001.

Since 1980, 64 children with pelvic osteomyelitis (40 boys) were treated at a major pediatric referral center. The average age was 11 years and 6 months. The presenting complaints included pain in 61 children, fever in 30, and altered weight-bearing in 31. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was elevated in 56 and there was leukocytosis in 19. The most commonly affected sites were the ilium in 21 and the acetabulum in 20, followed by the pubis in 11 and the ischium in 10. Culture results were negative in 32 and positive for Staphylococcus aureus in 26. Treatment consisted of intravenous antibiotics in 62 and irrigation and debridement in five children, all of whom presented since 1990. The infection resolved in 62 children and persisted in two. Three developed complications, including fusion of the sacroiliac joint in one, deformity of the acetabulum in one, and one child with an underlying protein C deficiency developed thromboembolism. Recent patients have demonstrated increased severity, likely due to increased virulence of the organism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Wound-healing protocols for diabetic foot and pressure ulcers.

Diabetic foot and pressure ulcers are chronic wounds by definition. They share similar pathogeneses; i.e., a combination of increased pressure and decreased angiogenic response. Neuropathy, trauma, and deformity also often contribute to development of both types of ulcers. Early intervention and proper treatment should result in complete healing of non-ischemic diabetic foot and pressure ulcers, as defined by 100% epithelialization and no drainage (if no osteomyelitis is present). The authors developed the following paradigm, which has proved to be highly effective for complete healing of these wounds: 1) recognition that all patients with limited mobility are at risk for a sacral, ischial, trochanteric, or heel pressure ulcer; 2) daily self-examination of the sacral, ischium, buttocks, hips, and heels of all bed-bound patients and the feet of patients with diabetes with risk factors (e.g., neuropathy); 3) initiation of a treatment protocol immediately upon recognition of a break in the skin (i.e., emergence of a new wound); 4) objective measurement by planimetry of every wound (at a minimum, weekly) and documentation of its progress; 5) establishment of a moist wound-healing environment; 6) relief of pressure from the wound; 7) debridement of all non-viable tissue in the wound; 8) elimination of all drainage and cellulitis; 9) cellular therapy or growth factors for patients with wounds that do not heal rapidly after initial treatment; and 10) continuous physical and psychosocial support for all patients. If this paradigm is followed, most diabetic foot and pressure ulcers are expected to heal.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

[Pudendal nerve block: local anaesthesia for insertion of suburethral tape: preliminary study of 9 cases].

PURPOSE: The objective of this study is to evaluate the safety of local anaesthesia by pudendal nerve block (PNB) for insertion of TVT or TOT suburethral tape for the treatment of female urinary incontinence. MATERIAL AND METHOD: PNB is performed by bilateral injection between the anus and ischium. The pudendal nerve, detected by electrostimulation, is anaesthetised by a solution of Naropeine and Carbocaine. Anaesthesia is systematically completed by abdominogenital and genitofemoral nerve blocks and by deep infiltration in the vagina. Perioperative and postoperative pain was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS: Nine patients were treated by suburethral tape under PNB between November 2002 and January 2003. The mean age was 65.5 years (range: 46 to 87 years). TVT was used in 6 cases and TOT was used in 3 cases. PNB was well tolerated by the patient in 66% of cases. Eight patients (88%) did not experience any pain during the operation. The majority of patients (88%) were very satisfied with the anaesthesia. One patient experienced residual pain for 3 weeks. The technique is easy to perform by the anaesthetist and did not modify the surgical technique. This technique is relatively inexpensive. CONCLUSION: This preliminary study on a limited number of cases shows that PNB appears to be a good alternative to the usual anaesthesia techniques for insertion of suburethral tape.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

FDG-PET imaging in Merkel cell carcinoma - value of head-to-toe scan.

A 63-year-old man was diagnosed with metastatic MCC. Preliminary staging PET scan with 18F-FDG was not done at the time of diagnosis. After completion of chemo- and radiotherapy, the patient underwent a CT scan of the area from the maxilla to the ischium; no evidence of disease was noted. Clinically, the patient was considered to be in remission. The CT scan was followed by head-to-toe FDG-PET scanning which revealed foci of metastatic disease in the right mid- thigh and left proximal calf. This case demonstrates the added value of head-to-toe FDG-PET for the detection of distant metastases in MCC.

Carcinoma, Merkel Cell↗