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PubMed1990

Clinical evaluation of light-cured composite resin inlays in primary molars.

A study was carried out to evaluate the clinical potential of a visible light-cured composite resin inlay (P-30) cemented with an adhesive resin cement (Panavia-EX) in primary molars. The inlays were placed in Class I complex, Class II MO, DO, MOD and more extensive cavity preparations in primary molars. Fifty restorations were placed in 40 patients and evaluated at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years. The evaluations were carried out according to the U.S. Public Health Service Clinical Rating System. The results showed the composite resin inlay cemented with an adhesive resin cement to be a highly effective combination.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of microleakage between direct placement technics and direct inlay technics.

Laboratory studies have indicated that improvements in the physical properties of composite restorations, especially for posterior teeth, may be obtained if these materials underwent heat treatment prior to insertion. The purpose of this study was to compare the microleakage in Class II restorations ending on cementum/dentine when these preparations were restored by a direct placement composite resin as opposed to a direct inlay composite resin. Thirty-six human posterior mandibular teeth were used in this study and randomly divided into three equal groups; Group I was prepared and restored with the composite Ful-fil in a direct placement technique. Groups II and III were prepared and restored using a direct composite resin inlay technique. The material used in Group II was Brillant D.I.; that of Group III, Ful-ful. All preparations terminated 1.0 mm apical to the CEJ. The composite resin patterns of Groups II and III were oven-tempered before cementing with D.I. Duo Cement. Specimens were thermocycled 125 times between 5-55 C. Microleakage was noted cervically on a scale of 0 to 5. The composite Ful-fil, used as a direct placement material, exhibited less leakage (P less than 0.05) than either the Brillant D.I. composite or Ful-fil composite when these materials were placed as direct composite inlays.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1990

[Composite resin inlays and onlays].

The establishment and development of composite resins has led to their use as a posterior restorative material. Although posterior composites have evolved considerably, both clinical studies and experience have confirmed that several problems still remain concerning their clinical properties and the relative complexity of handling the material. In order to resolve these problems, two different manufacturers have introduced composite resin systems for the fabrication of direct or indirect resin inlays and onlays which are cemented into the acid-etched preparation with a modified composite resin. Both systems are based on the same concept: the polymerization of the resin takes place out of the mouth in a special oven where a specific heat-curing procedure is followed. There is an essential difference between the two systems. When the direct resin system is used, the inlay is formed and partly light-cured into the tooth preparation, then it is removed for further polymerization. When the indirect system is used the procedure takes place in the lab where the inlay is formed on the die. This article presents both systems, the step-by-step procedure that has been followed in several clinical cases as well as their advantages and disadvantages.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1990

[Deflection and marginal leakage in cemented MOD inlays under loads parallel to the tooth axis].

Cemented inlays made of a soft and an extra hard gold casting alloy are subjected to load cycling with 50-200 N. The mesiodistal deflection is determined and marginal leakage is shown by dye penetration. Soft alloy inlays deflect significantly more, nearly 50% exhibit dye penetration caused by microleakage. On average, deflection does not occur with the extra hard alloy, dye penetration caused by microleakage takes place among 25% of the inlays only.

Dental Restoration, Permanent↗
PubMed1990

[Ridge stabilization with adhesive inlays in MOD cavities].

The flexural rigidity of the buccal cusps of upper premolars was determined under a vertical load of 100 N by use of displacement transducers. The stiffness of the cusps was higher when the cavities were restored with cast gold onlays or with composite or ceramic inlays luted with composite resin. In most cases a decrease in cusp stiffness was observed after thermocycling of the teeth restored with composite or ceramic inlays. With amalgam restorations or cast gold inlays, the flexural rigidity of the cusps was not higher than that of the unrestored cavities.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1990

[Marginal seal of cervical composite inlays in vitro].

The presence of microleakage at the dentinal margins of conventional Class V restorations and direct composite inlays in combination with four dentin bonding agents was assessed by means of dye penetration. The use of dentinal adhesives with conventional one-step composite fillings failed to prevent marginal leakage. The dentin bonding agents used in this study were for more efficient when used with direct composite inlays. The resistance to thermal stress of these bonded Class V composite inlays was improved by application of a secondary light and heat cure, probably due to relaxation of residual material stress.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1989

[Establishment of a composite resin inlay technique. Part 1. The effects of various curing modes on mechanical properties of composite resins].

The effects of the curing mode on mechanical properties of composite resins were examined. Four resins as inlay, and three chemically-cured and five visible light-cured restorative resins were employed. The resin specimens were prepared by three kinds of curing modes; regular setting (according to the manufacturer's instruction), subsequently added light and heat curing after regular setting, and subsequently added heat and pressure curing after regular setting. Knoop hardness, flexure strength, compressive strength, and diametral tensile strength were determined. All restorative composites were remarkably increased in knoop hardness number due to the subsequently added curing methods. Both subsequently added curing methods provided higher flexure strength to all restorative resins, and particularly in the chemically-cured resins the flexure strength provided by the subsequently added light and heat curing was higher than those by the subsequently added heat and pressure curing. Compressive strength and diametral tensile strength were slightly increased by the subsequently added curing methods with the restorative resins. No correlation was found between the filler distribution and the mechanical properties provided by the subsequently added curing methods. The subsequently added heat curing seems to be preferable for creating higher mechanical properties of resins. The IC-2 resin, experimentally designed for resin inlay, seems to be the most promising resin for inlay restoration, based on the mechanical properties, and further detailed laboratory and clinical researches are required.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1995

[The computer-generated occlusion of Cerec-2 inlays and onlays].

The Cerec-2 unit offers three different options to generate the occlusion: anatomically extrapolated ("Extrapolation"), correlated to a wax-up or functionally generated path ("Correlation") and bucco-orally flat ("Linear") as known from Cerec-1. These three computer-generated occlusions were evaluated by measuring the vertical discrepancy and the specific time needed for manufacturing (design, machining, contouring and adjusting the occlusal relation) of inlays and overlays. The occlusion of inlays generated with "Extrapolation" (0.42 +/- 0.16 mm) and "Correlation" (0.80 +/- 0.17 mm) showed significantly (p < 0.001) less vertical discrepancy than "Linear" (2.46 +/- 0.50 mm). The specific production time of inlays differed significantly (p < 0.001) between "Extrapolation" (16.05 +/- 0.80 min), "Linear" (19.25 +/- 1.14 min) and "Correlation" (27.33 +/- 0.75 min). The vertical discrepancies of overlays generated with "Correlation" (1.26 +/- 0.43 mm) were significantly (p < 0.001) lower than with "Extrapolation" (2.46 +/- 0.50 mm) and "Linear" (2.75 +/- 0.57). The specific overlay production time was significantly (p < 0.001) longer with "Correlation" (39.44 +/- 1.36) than with "Linear" (23.9 +/- 1.26 min) and "Extrapolation" (23.71 +/- 1.01 min). Related to the technical status of 10/1994 and as a result of the present evaluation, "Extrapolation" was chosen to be the most practical of the computer-generated occlusions evaluated in the present study.

Ceramics↗
PubMed1995

[The curing of composites under Cerec inlays].

96 Cerec CAD/CIM inlays (Vita Cerec Mk II, shades A2C and B3C) were seated into one reusable mod-cavity in a human molar. Light- (Brilliant Lux Incisal, Coltène) and dual- (Vita Duo Cement) curing composite resin respectively were used and the proximal areas were irradiated using a curing light (Coltolux II) with 4 different procedures: A) 210 s; B) 120 s (including 30 s Luciwedge, LW); C) 120 s (no LW) and D) 60 s. Vickers hardness (VHN) of the cured resin was measured at the pulpo-axial walls of the removed inlays. Polymerization-% of the resin was calculated relative to VHN of control samples, whose polymerization was scored as 100%. Two way Anova and Scheffé test were used for statistical comparison of the data. The results for the light-/dual-curing groups for shade A2C were: A) 97/89%, B) 89/90%, C) 91/88% D) 79/69%. Results for shade B3C were: A) 97/87%, B) 86/87%, C) 89/88% and D) 71/69%. No significant differences (p > 0.05) were found between light- and dual-curing. With procedures A, B and C light- and dual-curing resulted in adequate polymerization rates (PR > 85%) whereas D (PR < 80%) was significantly (p < 0.001) lower than A, B and C. Dual-curing resin had no advantages vs. light-curing with respect to polymerization rate when seating Cerec CAD/CIM inlays. The overall handling of the light-curing composite resin was judged to be easier than that of the dual cure material.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1995

[Grinding precision and accuracy of the fit of Cerec-2 CAD/CIM inlays].

The grinding precision of one Cerec-1 (C1) and one Cerec-2 (C2) CAD/CIM unit each was evaluated using standardized inlay-like (mod) samples (n = 40) of Vita Cerec Mk II porcelain and Dicor MGC glass ceramic. Typical dimensions (B, E, F, H) of the sampleS were measured and the standard deviations (SD) analysed statistically using the F-test. SD of C2-machined sample dimensions were significantly lower using both Vita, B: p < 0.05; E: p < 0.001; F: p < 0.001; H: p < 0.001, and Dicor MGC, B: p < 0.05; E: p < 0.001; F: p < 0.001; H: p < 0.01, than those machined with C1, indicating a strong improvement of grinding precision of C2 compared to C1. Accuracy of fit to human molar cavities of mod inlays machined with C1 (n = 6) and C2 (n = 6) was evaluated using a scanning electron microscope with 100x magnification. The width of the interfacial luting gap was generally lower in C2 inlays (56 +/- 27 microns) than with C1 (84 +/- 38 microns). Significant differences (t-test) were seen in margin sections "cervical line angles above CEJ" (C1 = 124 +/- 44/C2 = 59 +/- 30 microns, p < 0.05), "cervical line angles at CEJ" (C1 = 109 +/- 55/C2 = 67 +/- 27 microns, p < 0.05) and "gingival margin above CEJ" (C1 = 81 +/- 32 microns/C2 = 31 +/- 18 microns, p < 0.05).

Ceramics↗
PubMed1994

Marginal adaptation of the Concept inlay system.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the fit of the Concept inlay system in three clinically relevant cavity preparations (an occlusal, MO and MOD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The processed inlays were adjusted as needed and seated on master dies. The greatest marginal discrepancy occurring along each margin was recorded and evaluated. RESULTS: The majority of the margins exhibited gaps in the range of 20-45 microns (statistically insignificant) with the exception of the distal margin of the MO which averaged approximately 80 microns and the buccal and lingual margins of the MOD which were approximately 70 microns (both statistically larger than the 20-45 microns range). This heat and pressure cured composite inlay system is capable of producing fairly closely fitting restorations.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiographic assessments of Class II resin composite inlays.

Radiographic evaluations of indirect Class II resin composite inlays, shortly following their placement are presented. One hundred and eighty restorations of 'standard' conservative size were recorded using a beam-aiming device. Four radiographic characteristics were assessed of which the most important were: cervical marginal adaptation, voids in the material, and radiolucencies adjacent to the restoration. In comparison with amalgam restorations influencing factors are studied, and differences with direct resin composite restorations of a previous study are discussed. The inlays showed more deficiencies in cervical marginal adaptation than the amalgams (74 percent and 32 percent, respectively). Radiolucencies adjacent to the restorations and voids in the resin material were observed. The marginal adaptation appeared to show less deficiencies with two-surface than with three-surface restorations. Regarding the resin restorative materials, the limited radiolucency of one of the luting cements is discussed with respect to marginal adaptation. Comparison with direct restorations revealed a somewhat greater number of deficiencies in the cervical margins of indirect inlays.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Resin-bonded inlay retainer prostheses for posterior teeth. A 5-year clinical study.

This study evaluated posterior resin-bonded prostheses using inlays as retainers. Thirty-nine patients missing at least one premolar or first molar received 51 resin-bonded fixed partial dentures with high noble alloy inlay retainers and a metal ceramic pontic. Resin luting material bonding to the framework was secured by the Silicoating method (24 fixed partial dentures), lost sugar crystal method (13 fixed partial dentures), or tin plating (14 fixed partial dentures). Clinical examinations were performed 1 week, 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 5 years after cementation. None of the fixed partial dentures with silicoating or sugar crystal impressions lost retention, whereas two of the tin-plated fixed partial dentures required replacement. Resin-bonded inlay-retained prostheses appear to be a favorable alternative to other types of fixed partial dentures.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Clinical evaluation of repairing old amalgam restorations with composite inlays.

PURPOSE: Clinical evaluation of repairing old amalgam restorations using composite inlays cemented with two different bonding agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Occluso-proximal Class II inlay cavities were prepared in 50 old defective amalgam restorations. Extra oral system (EOS) composite inlays were cemented with two different bonding agents (All-Bond 2 or Geristore). After final finishing and polishing of each restoration, evaluation was carried out at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months using US Public Health Service criteria. The data were collected and statistically analyzed using Chi-square test. RESULTS: No significant difference was found between the two bonding materials at any time interval.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Loss of sound tooth structure when replacing amalgam restorations by adhesive inlays.

The replacement of amalgam restorations by adhesive inlays requires an adjustment to the cavity form. This often necessitates the removal of sound tooth substance. Undercuts may be blocked out by a base, but an extensive use of glass ionomer for this purpose is not recommended due to the weak mechanical properties of this material. The present study estimated the amount of sound tissue removed when a given amalgam preparation was reshaped for an adhesive inlay without the use of a base. An MOD amalgam preparation was created in an acrylic tooth. Twenty copies were distributed among 20 operators, who were requested to transform the preparation into an adhesive inlay preparation, removing as little material as possible. One control preparation with parallel walls was produced. All teeth were weighed before and after the alteration. The preparations' volumes were calculated: original amalgam preparation 0.130 ml, parallel preparation 0.136 ml. The minimum removal necessary was therefore 0.006 ml. The amount removed by the operators varied, with a mean volume of 0.0138 +/- 0.004 ml. Statistical analysis showed that for the given preparation, significantly more material was removed than necessary for undercut elimination. On average, more than twice the minimal volume of material was lost. This loss can be minimized by developing alternative techniques for undercut elimination.

Dental Amalgam↗
PubMed1998

[In vivo and in vitro study of the marginal sealing in ceramic-covered gold inlays].

In the view of the patients, Galvano-Inlays fulfil esthetic requirements in contrast to cast restaurations. However, it was decided to evaluate the fine gold margins. The marginal seal of Galvano-Inlays in different stages of production was evaluated by means of light microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. In addition Galvano-Inlays which had been in the mouth for two years, were evaluated in the same way. Besides good contact of the fine gold to the tooth, marginal discrepancies in the range of 60 to 160 microns were found which can hardly be improved by means of burnishing. After all, the insufficiency results from the inevitable gap of cementation or from breaking failure of the polished and thus hardened margin of the fine gold.

Ceramics↗
PubMed1998

In-office inlays with today's new materials.

When a patient needs a large restoration quickly, the direct resin inlay can help the dentist satisfy the patient's need. Suitable case selection and knowledge of the resin systems and their characteristics is a must for success in the direct resin inlay modality. Use of a rubber dam and disinfection of the preparation help in minimizing postoperative sensitivity and aid in restoration longevity. Proper diagnosis and treatment planning help insure successful restorations and a happy patient. There are different ways to restore broken or decayed teeth. The direct resin inlay technique allows the practitioner to fabricate the restoration and deliver it to the patient in one visit. This can help the practitioner to fill a void in his or her treatment arsenal.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed2004

Arthroscopic posterior cruciate ligament tibial inlay reconstruction.

Tibial inlay posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction was developed to avoid "killer turn" of the tibial tunnel. It requires a surgical dissection to popliteal fossa and changing of the patient's position during operation. We report an arthroscopic tibial inlay PCL reconstruction technique to avoid morbidity from an open procedure. Achilles tendon-bone allograft was used for reconstruction, and bone plug was designed in a cylindrical shape vertical to the tendon direction for tibial fixation. The intra-articular length of PCL is measured, and the proximal graft is prepared with a whipstitch and an EndoPearl (Linvatec, Largo, FL) is connected for enhancing femoral fixation. After tibial graft fixation with an absorbable interference screw, tibial site fixation was reinforced with suture anchoring to a washer on the anterolateral surface of the tibia. Femoral fixation was done with another screw. It was possible to reproduce the original concept of PCL tibial inlay graft with our arthroscopic technique.

Achilles Tendon↗