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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Forearm bone mineral density in an unselected population of 2,779 men and women--the HUNT Study, Norway.

The fracture incidence in Norway is among the highest in Europe, presumably due to osteoporosis. As part of a multipurpose health study in the county of Nord-Trondelag, Norway (the HUNT study), a 5% randomly selected sample (n=4,646) of the population >19 years of age was invited to undergo single X-ray absorptiometry (SXA) of the forearm. A total of 1,274 men (50.5 years) and 1,505 women (49.9 years) participated (60%). The aim of the study was to describe the variation in bone mineral density (BMD) and the prevalence of forearm BMD 2.5 standard deviations (SD) below the mean value for young adults in an unselected population sample. In women the BMD remained stable until the age of 50 years, whereupon a strong decline in BMD was observed. In men, a BMD increase was observed until about the age of 40 years; the decline after the age of 65 was, however, similar to that in women. Based on age and gender-specific reference values, the age-adjusted prevalence of T-scores <-2.5 SD in women and men aged 50-69 years was 16.0% and 5.6%, respectively. In the age group of 70 years or older the prevalence was 65.8% and 30.6% for women and men, respectively. The accelerated BMD reduction in women aged 50-65 explains the higher prevalence of T-score <-2.5 SD in elderly women than in men. Further studies on bone loss and falls are required to explain the high fracture incidence in Norway.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1999

The criteria of the International Headache Society for Tolosa-Hunt syndrome need to be revised.

In 1988 the International Headache Society defined the diagnostic criteria of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS) to include episode(s) of unilateral orbital pain for an average of 8 weeks if untreated, with associated paresis of one or more of the third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerves. Cranial nerve paresis may coincide with the onset of pain or follow it within a period of up to 2 weeks, and the pain must be relieved within 72 h after the initiation of corticosteroid therapy. Other causative lesions must be excluded by neuroimaging. On the basis of the history and neuroradiological findings of six patients we show the pitfalls in diagnosing THS with these criteria. We propose a revision of the criteria: Other causative lesions must be excluded by neuroimaging, especially of the region of the cavernous sinus and the orbita, and by blood and CSF examinations. Since imaging techniques have dramatically improved, it is now possible to visualize the inflammatory tissue in THS. Positive magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography findings compatible with inflammatory tissue neither exclude nor confirm THS and remain suspect until a malignant tumor or inflammation other than THS is excluded. Clinical and radiological follow-up examinations must be performed for at least 2 years, even in patients with negative findings on magnetic resonance imaging at onset.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Neonatal outcomes in offspring of women with anxiety and depression during pregnancy. A linkage study from The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) and Medical Birth Registry of Norway.

BACKGROUND: The presence of mental disorder during pregnancy could affect the offspring. AIMS: To examine the effects of anxiety disorder and depression in pregnant women on neonatal outcomes, and to compare neonatal outcomes between offspring of attendees and non-attendees in a general population-based health survey. METHOD: Pregnant women (n = 680) were identified from the population-based health study of Nord-TrØndelag County (HUNT-2) by linkage with the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. The women rated themselves on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Rating Scale (HADS). Outcome variables were gestational length, birth weight, and Apgar scores. RESULTS: HADS-defined anxiety disorder during pregnancy was associated with lower Apgar score at one minute (score < 8; odds ratio = 2.27; p = .03) and five minutes (score < 8; odds ratio = 4.49; p = .016). No confounders were identified. Anxiety disorder and depression during pregnancy was not associated with low birth weight or preterm delivery. Offspring of non-attendees had a lower birth weight (77 g; t = 3.27; p = 0.001) and a shorter gestational length (1.8 days; t = 2.76; p = 0.006) than that of offspring of attendees, a difference that may be explained by a higher load of psychosocial risk factors among the non-attendees. CONCLUSION: In our study that may be biased towards the healthier among pregnant women, anxiety disorder or depression during pregnancy were not strong risk factors for adverse neonatal outcomes although low Apgar score in offspring of women with anxiety disorder may indicate poor neonatal adaptation.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

The association between headache and Val158Met polymorphism in the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene: the HUNT Study.

The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene contains a functional polymorphism, Val158Met, that has been found to influence human pain perception, and one study has found that migraine was less likely among those with the Val/Val polymorphism. In the 1995-97 Nord-Trøndelag Health (HUNT) Study, the association between the Val158Met polymorphism and headache was evaluated in a random sample of 2451 individuals. No association between Val158Met polymorphism and migraine was found. Among women, a lower prevalence of non-migrainous headache was found among individuals with the Val/Val genotype than among those with other genotypes (26.2% vs. 33.6%, p = 0.04). That non-migrainous headache was less likely among women with the Val/Val genotype may be an incidental finding, but should be investigated in further studies.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Coexistence of Ramsay Hunt syndrome and varicella-zoster virus encephalitis.

We describe a patient with Ramsay Hunt syndrome and varicella-zoster virus encephalitis. The coexistence of these conditions is rare and to our knowledge has not been clearly documented in the English-language literature. We summarize the clinical characteristics of our patient and seven similar patients described in previous reports, including those published in Japanese. Although concomitant diseases such as diabetes and chronic renal failure may lead to an aggressive course, all patients described in detail have had good outcomes.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1976

The myoglobin of the Cape hunting dog (Lycaon pictus).

Tryptic and other peptides from the myoglobin of the Cape hunting dog (Lycaon pictus) have been aligned with the sequence of the myoglobin of the domestic dog. One amino acid difference was found which was confirmed by dansyl-Edman degradation. The five carnivore myoglobins now known have been integrated into an evolutionary cladogram, trying to trace the pathways of mutations, and a possible ancestral myoglobin for the carnivores has been constructed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

A case of gastric cicatrization caused by ingestion of sulfuric acid, treated with Hunt-Lawrence jejunal pouch substitution for the stomach.

To the authors' knowledge, there had been no reported pediatric case of total cicatrization of the stomach owing to acid ingestion. The authors report a case caused by sulfuric acid ingestion. When admitted, the child did not have any oral intake and was fed through a jejunostomy, which had been placed in an other center. An upper gastrointestinal barium study showed a small gastric fundal pouch and no passage to the duodenum, but with passage to the jejunum through two fistulas. The modified Hunt-Lawrence pouch was created using the fistulous jejunal segment. After 6 months the patient is well.

Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.

Painful ophthalmoplegia due to idiopathic granulomatous inflammation of the cavernous sinus/superior orbital fissure has been termed Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS). This report is based upon 146 patients with this syndrome published in the English literature. The clinical profile, natural history, diagnostic evaluation, pathologic findings, differential diagnosis, and therapy of THS are presented. Careful initial patient examination and scrupulous follow-up evaluation are essential, as THS is categorically a diagnosis of exclusion. While the etiology of THS is unknown, current pathogenetic theories are reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Pharmacological studies of 'sapo' from the frog Phyllomedusa bicolor skin: a drug used by the Peruvian Matses Indians in shamanic hunting practices.

The dried skin secretion from Phyllomedusa bicolor, 'sapo', is used by the Matses Indians of the Northern Peru, in shamanic rites mainly designed to improve luck in hunting. When rubbed into burned, exposed areas of the skin, the drug causes the prompt appearance of violent peripheral gastrointestinal and cardiovascular effects soon followed by remarkable central effects (increase in physical strength, heightening of senses, resistance to hunger and thirst, exalted capacity to face stress situations). All the peripheral and most of the central effects of 'sapo' can be ascribed to the exceptionally high content of the drug (up to 7% of its weight) in potently active peptides, easily absorbed through the burned, inflamed areas of the skin. The concentration in 'sapo' of the single peptides (phyllocaerulein, phyllomedusin, phyllokinin, demorphins and deltorphins) has been determined by bioassay, and peptide contents were correlated with the different symptoms of the 'sapo' intoxication.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Isolation of Lys-conopressin-G from the venom of the worm-hunting snail, Conus imperialis.

Vasopressin homologs have previously been isolated from the venom of fish-hunting cone snails. We investigated whether a vasopressin-like peptide is found in the worm-hunter, Conus imperialis. Using i.c. injections in mice, we isolated a peptide from the venom of C. imperialis which induces scratching and grooming behavior characteristic of the conopressins. Biochemical characterization showed that this peptide is identical to Lys-conopressin-G. The results led us to speculate that the vasopressin-like peptides in Conus venoms may be examples of an evolving conversion of endogenous peptides for specialized venom uses.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Transorbital penetrating head injury with a hunting arrow: case report.

The development of more complex and diverse hunting weapons may result in an increase of uncommon forms of penetrating injury to the brain. We present a case of nonfatal transorbital arrow injury to the brain. High velocity projectile injuries merit certain management adaptations from gunshot or low velocity stab wounds. This case highlights the necessity for anterograde removal of the arrow in the direction of its line of trajectory. Early assessment of the patient with cerebral angiography to identify surgically correctable vascular injury is recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Myoclonus and sensorimotor integration in a patient with Ramsay Hunt syndrome.

Clinical and neurophysiologic studies were done on a patient with action myoclonus secondary to Ramsay Hunt syndrome (dyssynergia cerebellaris myoclonica). Myoclonic jerks in the arms were much more common during movements directed to a target than in other movements. They appeared to be triggered primarily by external sensory inputs relevant to the movement rather than by the motor activity itself. Both somatosensory and visual inputs appeared able to trigger the myoclonic jerks. Myoclonic jerks in the deltoid muscle followed finger contact with a target by approximately 100 msec. Electrical stimuli delivered to the fingers during a reaching movement also triggered myoclonic jerks with a similar latency and also evoked giant cortical potentials which preceded the myoclonic jerks in deltoid by 15-20 msec. Our results suggest that during sensory guided movements, sensory inputs relevant to successful completion of the movement may have access to motor systems controlling the muscles involved. In our patient, who likely has lesions involving the cerebellar nuclei and/or cerebellar cortex, these sensory inputs appeared to result in an excessive motor response, possibly through mechanisms involving cerebellar-motor cortex connections.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Migraine, Tolosa-Hunt syndrome and pleocytosis. Correlation or coincidence?

A critical analysis is presented of the problem whether the migraine attack causes CSF-pleocytosis or vice versa, on the basis of a series of 3 cases, including one of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome due to sarcoidosis, the other two ultimately showing chronic leptomeningitis. The evidence leads to the conclusion that migraine does not cause pleocytosis and pleocytosis does not cause migraine: both are correlated by an underlying common denominator.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome with pseudotumor cerebri. Report of an unusual case.

An 12-old-year girl with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS) complicated with pseudotumor cerebri is presented. She suffered from alternating, recurrent and painful ophthalmoplegia at the age of 8, and bilateral papilledema which did not affect visual acuity was also recognized. THS subsided readily on steroid therapy, and the remission lasted more than 3 years after discontinuing steroid. However, papilledema did not change despite remission of THS, and resulted in optic atrophy with a mildly enlarged scotoma and 10% decrease in visual acuity 6 months after the onset. MRI disclosed slightly contrasted masses in the bilateral enlarged cavernous sinuses and narrowing of the left carotid siphon. Another small mass with partial gadolinium enhancement was revealed adjacent to the left narrowing of the carotid siphon in the optochiasmatic cistern; however, there was no lesion causing intracranial hypertension. The intracavernous MRI findings were considered characteristic of THS, and papilledema seemed to be due to pseudotumor cerebri by exclusion. Since subsequent MRI confirmed no progression of the above findings, the intracavernous and intracisternal masses were suspected to be non-specific inflammatory granulomas associated with THS.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Burkitt's lymphoma presenting as Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.

An 11-year-old girl presented with acute, severe symptoms resembling Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. Response to corticosteroids was rapid and satisfactory, but of short duration. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a supra- and parasellar mass and the abdominal ultrasound demonstrated a round tumor. Histopathologic study of the abdominal mass revealed Burkitt's lymphoma.

Burkitt Lymphoma↗
PubMed2007

High systolic blood pressure is associated with Val/Val genotype in the catechol-o-methyltransferase gene. The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT).

BACKGROUND: The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene contains a functional polymorphism, Val158Met. A few studies on animals have shown a relationship between the COMT gene and BP, but whether this exists in human beings is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between codon 158 COMT gene polymorphism and BP in a population-based cohort. METHODS: In the 1995-97 Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT), the association between Val/Met polymorphism at the COMT gene and BP was evaluated in a group of 2966 nondiabetic individuals. RESULTS: Among the 2591 individuals without current use of antihypertensive drugs, systolic BP > or =140 mm Hg was more likely among persons with Val/Val genotype compared with the other genotypes (44.8% v 39.1%, P = .02). In the multivariate analysis the prevalence odds ratio for having the Val/Val genotype was 1.63 (95% CI = 1.18 to 2.24) among individuals with systolic BP > or =160 mm Hg compared with those with systolic BP <140 mm Hg. Val/Val genotype was also more likely (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.63) among individuals with hypertension (as defined by use of antihypertensive medication, systolic BP > or =140 mm Hg, or diastolic BP > or =90 mm Hg) than among those with normal BP. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the study findings, the Val/Val genotype appears to be associated with a higher prevalence of increased systolic BP compared with the Met/Met or Met/Val genotypes at the COMTgene.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Protein A/G dependent ELISA a promising diagnostic tool in Lyme disease seroprevalence in game animals and hunting dogs.

One of the major problems in serodiagnosis in wild animals is unavailability of specific antiglobulin conjugate. Our study focuses on validation of Protein A/G dependent ELISA in game animals like deer and mouflons as well as in hunting dogs. Binding ability of Protein A/G-conjugate to antibodies was the highest in dogs followed by fallow deer and mouflons. Three different whole cell Borrelia antigens were used to evaluate antigen dependent variation. In new Protein A/G-ELISA the highest sensitivities (90.50%, deer; 85.37%, mouflon & 94.29%, dog) were obtained by B. garinii antigen, with no statistically significant variation (chi(2), P>0.05) among all other antigens used. Average seroprevalences observed in deer, mouflons and dogs were 44.90%, 29.41% and 30.43%, respectively. Marked influence of age on seroprevalence was noticed. Protein A/G-ELISA proved to be sensitive and promising diagnostic tool in serodiagnosis of Lyme disease in game ungulates and it can be used effectively for serosurvey in different wild mammals.

Age Factors↗