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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Relationship between the sphericity of femoral head-acetabulum and the low incidence of primary osteoarthritis of the hip joint in Koreans.

UNLABELLED: I examined the sphericity and the congruity of the femoral head and the acetabulum in 172 Korean fetuses and in 655 Korean adults. I found that Korean fetal acetabuli and femoral heads are spherical and that the proportion of the head contained in the acetabulum remains constant and congruous throughout the fetal life. Adult actabuli and femoral heads are also spherical in both gender and are there are no visible changes in the shape of the acetabuli and the femoral heads with respect to age. No evidence was found that the congruity of the hip joint is a cause of osteoarthritis of the hip joint. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Stable hip joints at the time of birth provide an explantation for the low incidence of congenital dislocation of the hip joint in Koreans. The spherical femoral head and acetabulum (congruous hip joint) seem to be a contributing factor to the low incidence of primary osteoarthritis of the hip in Koreans.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1995

[Initial experiences with hip joint arthroscopy. Report based on 2 cases].

In order to put the value of hip joint arthroscopy into correct perspective we report that among over 500 operations undertaken in the hip region annually-cases of readjustment osteotomy, osteosynthetic and prosthetic surgery-at the Graz Hospital for Accident Surgery there is about one case of hip joint osteotomy. Arthroscopy of the hip joint is a technically sophisticated examination which is only performed for the strictest indications. After reviewing data from the relevant literature we present two cases and discuss the indications for and technique of this operation.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Burden among caregivers of elderly patients with osteoarthritis of hip joint.

The present study was conducted to investigate burden among caregivers of patients with osteoarthritis of hip joint. Caregivers and their elderly patients with osteoarthritis of hip joint were compared with caregivers and their frail elderly who received regular nurse visits or caregivers and their non-demented frail elderly with regular nurse visits. The patients with osteoarthritis of hip joint had less disability to perform ADL than the frail elderly with regular nurse visits. The caregivers of the patients spent less time on both caregiving and attending patients, and showed the shorter duration of caregiving than those of the frail elderly with regular nurse visits. They were less likely to consult with physicians for their own health and less likely to become ill health, and felt less burden than the caregivers of the frail elderly with regular nurse visits although they used less kinds of social services than their controls. Since none of patients with osteoarthritis of hip joint suffered from dementia, the non-demented frail elderly with regular nurse visits were used as another control. But the results did not changed. These finding suggest that caregivers of less disability to perform ADL may feel light burden when the patients do not suffer from dementia.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1990

Development of the hip joint in relation to congenital dislocation.

As an introduction to the pathology and treatment of C.D.H., a simplified outline of fundamental embryologic events and growth characteristics of the hip joint (selected from past and actual bibliography) is presented. Congenital dislocation of the hip appears to be the result of various genetic, developmental, environmental and mechanical factors that affect articular structures in the perinatal period. At this time, the hip joint is anatomically and functionally more vulnerable to alterations of its normal concentric disposition. If incongruency persists, subsequent morphological changes, characteristic of dysplasia will develop. The main conclusions derived from a review of the development of the hip joint in relation to C.D.H. are: 1) The hip joint is an anatomical and functional unit derived from a common primitive blastema. 2) Primitive condensed sclerotomic mesenchyme transforms into cartilage that shapes in a genetically determined pattern to form the femur and os innominatum in continuity. 3) The joint space develops by autolytic degeneration in the 7-8 week embryo. By the 11th week, the joint cavity, evolved in the capsule lined internally by synovium, has a well differentiated labrum and ligamentum teres with the basic morphology of a developed hip joint. Only after this stage is displacement possible. 4) Depth (and stability) of the acetabulum increase with development of the glenoid labrum and cartilaginous rim (incomplete only in its inferior portion). Here a fibrous band (transverse ligament) offers less resistance to displacement, but on occasions is an anatomic barrier to concentric reduction. 5) In the early fetal period, the acetabulum is a deep set cavity, becoming shallower at the time of birth. Femoral head coverage at birth is more deficient than at any other previous or subsequent stage of development. 6) The relationship between femoral and acetabular anteversion (instability index) is more important than absolute values which are variable during intrauterine life. The degree of femoral anteversion depends on teh rotational attitude and muscular action of the extremity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Hip Dislocation, Congenital↗
PubMed1984

[Etiology of diseases of the hip joint in children].

The rentgenometric examination of the hip joint in 165 children with a high degree of reliability of the coxitis syndrome has revealed a displastic nature of the disease in 49,5% of them. It was mainly due to non-correct orientation of the proximal end of the femur. The overstrain of such joint causes its functional incompetence, pain, restricted functioning and lameness. The investigation performed enabled the author to establish the etiology of the disease, to assess the degree of maldevelopment of the hip joint and to find new ways of pathogenetic therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Features of anatomo-functional disorders in tuberculous osteitis of the hip joint in children].

Anatomo-functional disturbances of hip joint in case of its focal osteo-tuberculous affection in children develop already during the first 1-3 months of disease. Growth disturbance extent, orientation of the osteochondrous elements of hip joint, manifestation of degenerative symptoms correlate with the duration of the process. In case of tuberculous osteitis there are observed less favourable functional deviations of the joint end of femur, especially in children under school age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Which procedure gives best results in reconstructing dislocated hip joints in cerebral palsy?

A retrospective study of the surgical repair of dislocated or subluxed hip joints in patients with spastic cerebral palsy was carried out to determine the procedure with the lowest recurrence rate. An open reduction and a corrective femoral osteotomy were combined with different pelvic osteotomies and different interventions on the iliopsoas muscle in most cases. The radiological results in 58 hip joints of 42 patients were assessed with a follow-up time of 5.9 years on average (2.8 to 11.0 years). Although some combined procedures were carried out in only an small number of cases, we can still draw some conclusions. The results were better, if a pelvic osteotomy and an intervention on the iliopsoas muscle were performed. An additional iliopsoas transfer made the hip joints more stable over the long term than lengthening. For severely deformed acetabula the Pemberton osteotomy was superior to the Chiari osteotomy. The Salter osteotomy was a good alternative in cases with mild subluxation. With some combined procedures the redislocation rate was as high as 66%, whereas the combination of an open reduction, a femoral osteotomy, an iliopsoas transfer and a Pemberton or Salter osteotomy gave a redislocation rate of only 11%. A concentric reduction of the hip joints was necessary. Primarily noncentered joints did not improve during the later course.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1978

[Synovial cysts of the hip joint].

Four cases of a ganglion of the hip joint are reported. Besides the symptomatology and the clinical findings, special attention is payed to the anatomical relationship. The weak part of the joint capsula medially to the longitudinal traction of the ligamentum iliofemorale and laterally to the ligamentum pubofemorale was found to be the source of these ganglions. The most helpful diagnostic measure is arthrography through a lateral access. Therapy consists of resection of the cystic tumor, and careful closure of the hip joint capsula will prevent recurrence.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Iliacus pyomyositis mimicking septic arthritis of the hip joint.

The iliacus muscle is closely associated with the psoas muscle, femoral nerve, hip joint, pelvic and intraabdominal structures; thus, its disorders may present as lower abdominal pain, hip pain, or femoral neuropathy. Iliacus pyomyositis, a primary bacterial infection of the skeletal muscle not secondary to a contiguous skin, bone, or soft-tissue infection, presenting as hip pain, femoral neuropathy, and sympathetic effusion of the hip joint in an 8-year-old boy mimicked septic arthritis of the hip joint. Computed tomography was helpful in delineating the accurate location of the lesion. Surgical drainage and appropriate antibiotic therapy led to complete resolution and full functional recovery.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMed1999

An axisymmetric contact model of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene cups against metallic femoral heads for artificial hip joint replacements.

Contact mechanics of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) cups against metallic femoral heads for artificial hip joints is considered in this study. Both the experimental measurement of the contact area and the finite element prediction of the contact radius, maximum contact pressure and maximum Von Mises stress have been carried out for a wide range of contemporary artificial hip joints. Good agreement of the contact radius has been found between the experimental measurements and the finite element predictions based upon an elastic modulus of 1000 MPa and a Poisson's ratio of 0.4 for UHMWPE material under various loads up to 2.5 kN. It has been shown that the half contact angle for all the cup/head combinations considered in this study is between 40 degrees and 50 degrees under a load of 2.5 kN. The importance of this result has been discussed with respect to the anatomical position of the cup when placed in the body and the selection of a simple wear-screening test for artificial hip joints. The predicted contact radius and maximum contact pressure from the finite element model have also been compared with a simple elasticity analysis. It has been shown that the difference in the predicted contact radius between the two methods is reduced for more conforming contacts between the femoral head and the acetabular cup and smaller UHMWPE cup thickness. However, good agreement of the predicted maximum contact pressure has been found for all the combinations of the femoral head and the acetabular cup considered in this study. The importance of contact mechanics on the clinical performance of artificial hip joint replacements has also been discussed.

Elasticity↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Periarticular ossification following cement-free and cement fixed total endoprosthesis implantation in the hip joint].

218 Patients, primary treated with total replacement of the hip joint were examined for ectopic ossifications. Frequency and Arcq-classification are described in relation to the transgluteal approach to the hip joint, age, sex an the technic of implantation. We found 3.5% more paraarticular ossifications in the group of cementfixed endoprotheses compared with the group of cementless CAT-endoprotheses type Heramed. In comparison men were affected more often with heterotopic ossifications than women. In both groups the overall incidence of paraarticular ossifications was 34.0%.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Growth and remodeling of the hip joint and proximal femur in adolescent dogs. A scintimetric investigation with special reference to hip dysplasia and estradiol induced changes.

The uptake of 85Sr was shown to be higher in dysplastic hip joints than in normal joints of adolescent dogs. This was interpreted as a sign of increased remodeling. In contrast, the uptake of 85Sr in the growth plate and metaphysis of the proximal femur was lower in dogs with hip dysplasia than in dogs with normal hip joints. This was interpreted as a sign of retarded growth of the proximal femur (more advanced skeletal maturation). Greyhounds of bitches, which were injected with estradiol during pregnancy, also showed retarded growth of the proximal femur. This was interpreted as a late effect of estradiol.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Advanced glycation end products in intervertebral discs and hip joint capsules: correlation with senile amyloid?

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) may be involved in either amyloidogenesis or complications related to amyloid. The incidence of AGE increases with age as does the prevalence of amyloid affecting the hip joint capsule and intervertebral discs. We hypothesized that AGEs may be involved in the pathology of these amyloidoses and investigated the spatial and temporal relationship between AGEs and amyloid of intervertebral discs and hip joint capsules. Using immunohistochemistry, AGEs were found in all 71 intervertebral discs and all 87 hip joint capsules. Amyloid was present in 59 (83%) intervertebral discs and 65 (75%) hip joint capsules. AGEs were found in the immediate vicinity of amyloid deposits in 104 of 253 (41%) investigated amyloid deposits of the intervertebral discs and 159 of 311 (51%) investigated amyloid deposits of the hip joint capsules. However, only rarely were AGEs demonstrated within amyloid deposits. No linear correlation was found between the amount of AGEs and the amount of amyloid deposited. As AGEs are more common than amyloid in intervertebral discs and hip joint capsules, it is conceivable to suggest that AGEs might be involved in the pathogenesis of amyloid at these anatomical sites. However, the amyloid proteins appear not to be modified and AGE modification is not a general characteristic of senile amyloidoses.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Femoral neck erosions: sign of hip joint synovial disease.

Pathologic synovial processes in the hip joint can cause characteristic extrinsic erosions of the femoral neck, which in extreme cases produce an "apple core" appearance. Nine such cases of synovial diseases, including synovial osteochondromatosis, pigmented villonodular synovitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and amyloidosis, that demonstrate this radiographic finding are presented. The anatomic relations of the hip joint that result in this appearance, differential diagnosis, and radiographic techniques useful in diagnosis are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[The role of computed tomography in dystrophic diseases of the hip joint].

Computer tomography data on 124 patients with degenerative-dystrophic diseases of hip joint of different etiology are presented. As indicated the results of investigations, computer tomography of hip joint is the effective method of early diagnosis of femoral head aseptic necrosis. Computer tomography application allows to detect precise location, size and character of the pathology process in hip joint and propose the optimal parameters of surgical correction. Femoral head densitometry in case of femoral head aseptic necrosis revealed the curves of two types: with unimodal and bimodal density distribution. Patients with bimodal histograms demonstrated worse results of surgical treatment.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1988

Special problems of cementless fixation of total hip-joint endoprostheses with reference to the PM type.

The success of cement-free hip endoprosthetics is largely dependent on precise surgical techniques and primary stability of the anchorage, in which favorable biomechanical conditions as well as the quality of the stabilizing bone are of considerable importance. Information gathered from more than 1500 cementless hip-joint endoprosthesis implantations is presented with biomechanical solutions and indications regarding operating techniques, and a correlation between clinical symptoms and radiological signs of complications is discussed. In close coordination with material-specific factors, design and surface characteristics are decisive in the function and quality of anchorage of the endoprosthetic replacement. In the case of the PM total hip endoprosthesis, these widely variable values were governed strictly by biomechanical considerations, with particular reference to the resulting bone reactions. Results so far, including those relating to stable integration of the implant, must be regarded as absolutely positive and confirm the design characteristics on which this model was based. Avoiding the disadvantages of bone cement, cementless hip-joint replacement, particularly in operations for the exchange of cemented prostheses after loosening, can be regarded as a step forward in hip-joint surgery.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1992

[Replacement of hip joints with total endoprostheses in patients with ankylosing spondylitis].

In the Rheumatological Institute in Prague the authors made a retrospective investigation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis affecting the hip joints where one or two endoprostheses of the hip joints were made. In all these patients they evaluated the subjective complaints of the operated extremity, they made a clinical examination of the extent of mobility and evaluated X-ray pictures. The group of 20 patients was examined in this retrospective investigation approximately five years after operation. From the total of 32 endoprostheses 20 were cemented and 12 were without cement. From the total number of patients only four reported slight pain in the area of the operated hip joint without signs of loosening on the X-ray picture. The extent of mobility of all endoprostheses was very satisfactory, the mean abduction in men was 27.6 degrees, in women 30.7 degrees, flexion 84 degrees in men and 97 degrees in women. As revealed by X-ray, the hip joints were affected most frequently by coxitis, osteoplastic changes were detected in six patients. Enthesopathies of a small or medium extent were found in almost all patients. Heteroplastic bone was evaluated according to Brooker's criteria, in the investigated group only type I was found. It may be stated that the submitted group of results of endoprostheses in ankylosing spondylitis is a very satisfactory solution which improves the patient's mobility and thus restores the quality of life.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pitfalls in ultrasonography of hip joint synovitis in the child.

The normal and abnormal anatomy of the hip joint in childhood was evaluated by ultrasonography (US) with reference to examination technique and errors. When compared with computed tomography (CT), it was confirmed that the two sonographic echoes from the hip joint represent the femoral neck and the external surface of the capsule and that the thickness of the echo received from the capsule depends on the frequency of the transducer. Partial volume effects may simulate or increase the sonographic appearance of hip joint effusion. The normal relationship between joint capsule and femoral neck was established.

Child↗