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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Intrapartum hysteroscopy.

A new method of visualization of fetus, uterus, placenta, umbilical cord and amniotic fluid is presented. A flexible endoscope was inserted into the uterine cavity after spontaneous or artificial rupture of the membranes via the vaginal route in 85 patients. Endoscopy could be beneficial for precise determination of the nature and type of umbilical cord and placental pathology, signs of fetal dysmaturity, the presence of meconium and evaluation of the integrity of a uterine scar. Intrapartum hysteroscopy could be especially helpful for patients with no prenatal care who appear in labour with incomplete histories. The method is proven to be safe for both the mother and the neonate.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

First-trimester needle embryofetoscopy and prenatal diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the efficacy of first-trimester needle embryofetoscopy (or embryoscopy) for prenatal diagnosis in a continuing pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN: A patient at risk for giving birth to an infant with Robert's syndrome was referred for prenatal diagnosis at 12 weeks of gestation. RESULTS: Transabdominal embryoscopy and amniocentesis were performed. Direct visualization of the embryo was achieved and no gross limb or facial abnormalities were seen. Chromosome studies of the amniotic fluid revealed a normal male 46, XY. Special studies with C-banding and DAPI techniques revealed no evidence of premature separation of centromeres. Two- and three-dimensional ultrasound also demonstrated no gross limb or facial abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: This case confirms the efficacy of embryoscopy as a simple and relatively low-risk approach to first-trimester diagnosis for continuing pregnancies.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Embryo-fetoscopy--present possibilities of endoscopy in obstetrics].

OBJECTIVE: The introduction of the embryofetoscopy--a new method of prenatal diagnosis used in the 1st trimester of the pregnancy. SETTING: Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Prague. DESIGN: Pilot clinical study. METHODS: The embryofetoscopy was carried out in pregnant women in the 7th or 8th conceptional week who asked for a legal abortion of the pregnancy. We used the embryofetoscope with diameter of 0.8 mm (made by K. Storz, Tuttlingen, Germany). The trocar of the embryofetoscope was inserted into the animal cavity transabdominally always guided by ultrasound. It is possible to perform the examination in local anaesthesia. A further trocar with two canals--one for insertion of the embryofetoscope, the second of the needle with diameter of 0.6 mm--is designated for genetic indicated sampling of embryonal tissues or for incidental application of gene or stem cells therapy in the future. RESULTS: The videocamera documented our embryoscopical findings till this time in 7 cases. On the pictures 1-8 are the face, scull, eye, ear, extremities, genitals and umbilical cord of the embryo in the 7th conceptional week. CONCLUSIONS: The applications of the embryofetoscopy are very wide. It allows us to obtain not only new knowledge about the early development of the normal and affected embryo in vivo, but it simultaneously opens new ways for the therapy of the embryo in the future and for fetal surgery guided by embryoscope in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of the pregnancy.

Female↗
PubMed1975

The application of spectrophotometry in the investigation of amniotic fluid by amnioscopy. part I. development of the technique.

A method for the incorporation of spectrophotometry to amnioscopy for the colourmetric estimation of amniotic fluid is presented. The spectrum of light reflected from the object under examination was measured using narrow-band interference filters, and a siliceous PIN light diode as the detector. A graphical representation of the spectrum was obtained using an automatic recorder. The preliminary measurements were performed using papers of various colours, clear amniotic fluid and green fluid as well as two patients in late pregnancy who required amnioscopic investigation. Measurements have shown that the apparatus can reliably distinguish different colours from each other and the authors consider that the apparatus may be used in connection with amnioscopy in order to estimate the colour of the amniotic fluid. The possible future use and development of such a technique is discussed.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed2004

Selecting an external light source for fetal biophysical testing.

OBJECTIVE: To select the most intense light source that penetrates tissues and is safe for fetal biophysical testing STUDY DESIGN: A 3-step series of experiments was undertaken using a digital light meter (Extech Light Probe Meter, Extech Instruments, Waltham, Massachusetts). First, the density of light through a light filter was compared between the sun and 4 commercially available light sources. Second, penetration of light through the abdominal subcutaneous tissue (3-4 cm thick) of 6 pigs was compared between these light sources. Last, the skin reaction to the preferred light source and the distance in penetrating the uterine cavity were assessed in 50 pregnant women. RESULTS: Light emitted from a halogen bulb was significantly more intense than from a photographic flash, krypton bulb or penlight. Maximal intensity was gained with the light source placed against the skin. The halogen bulb penetrated a pig's abdominal wall more than the photographic flash or krypton bulb. The thickness of a pig's abdominal wall is similar to the distance in pregnant humans near term from the skin to the uterine cavity. No thermal injury or discomfort to the skin was observed for exposures <10 seconds. CONCLUSION: The halogen bulb was safe, penetrated tissues most effectively and was the best light source for fetal biophysical testing.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1992

Embryoscopy: new developments in prenatal medicine.

Embryoscopy is a new technique that allows direct visualization of the embryo/fetus as early as the first trimester. A rigid fiberoptic endoscope is passed transcervically into the extracoelomic cavity and has been utilized to identify developmental milestones from weeks 4 to 8 following conception. All major external and internal structures develop during this period. With this technique, it is possible to both identify anomalies and confirm those diagnosed by ultrasound. Fetal blood sampling has also been preformed utilizing this technology and has established the feasibility of access to the human embryonic circulation. Future applications for embryoscopy include first-trimester prenatal diagnosis and therapeutic interventions such as gene or cell therapy at a time when the embryo is immunologically tolerant.

Embryonic and Fetal Development↗
PubMed1979

Fetoscopy in the practice of perinatology and obstetrics.

The clinical indications for fetoscopy in perinatal medicine are encompassing an ever widening circle of inherited diseases and teratologically induced disorders that can now or potentially be diagnosed in utero. Fetoscopy, which has evolved over the past 20 years into a clinically accepted procedure, is not without risk to the pregnant mother and the fetus. When the decision is made to perform the procedure, its merits should outweigh its inherent risks and it should be performed by a perinatologist experienced in the technique. Fetoscopy is appropriate when the fetus is at risk for teratologically induced malformation, inherited blood dyscrasias, sex-linked or autosomal abnormalities with gross malformations, or neural tube disorders that cannot be diagnosed by amniocentesis. Technical improvements should result in increased refinement and wider applicability of the technique in the future.

Congenital Abnormalities↗