Absence or major loss of part of the external ear and its correction.
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The incidence of lymphoma in children is increasing in the United States and is the third most common childhood cancer. The head and neck is second only to the abdomen as the most common site of extranodal presentations of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). We present and discuss the diagnosis and management of the first report of a child with an auricular mass as the sole manifestation of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In summary, the otolaryngologist and pediatrician should be cognizant of potential for NHL in atypical lesions of the head and neck in children.
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The vascular anatomy for design and execution of various flaps of the auricular region is outlined with emphasis on clinical correlation. A new classification of various flap compositions from the postauricular region based on histologic and anatomic observations is proposed, together with a corresponding clinical example used in different clinical situations. Sound knowledge of the vascular pattern surrounding the auricle provides immense versatility in performing flap operations in this region. A summary of the controversy and updates on auricular embryology is provided in relation to various congenital malformations.
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The technique and results of replacement of the articular disc by autogenous aural cartilage are presented. Out of 7 patients operated with a follow-up longer than 6 months, 5 have markedly improved. The cartilage seems to remain vital. It is concluded that this procedure may be indicated in patients with dysfunction and/or apparent damage of the disc. However, it is difficult in some cases to base the indication on more than circumstantial evidence.
The directional dependence of sound pressure transformation of head and pinna has been measured in the phyllostomid bat Phyllostomus discolor for the frontal hemisphere using a maximum length sequence method. The azimuthal position of the axis of highest pinna gain came closer to the midsagital plane with increasing frequency. The acoustic axis of highest pinna gain was further characterized by an increase of the elevation angle with increasing frequency and a specific decrease at 55 kHz. Additionally, a spectral notch separated two regions of high and low frequency hearing at specific elevation and frequency combinations. The special influence of the tragus on the position of the pinna gain axis and the spectral notches is demonstrated. The functional implications of the spectral notch for hearing in P. discolor are discussed.
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Darier's disease is a hereditary dermatological condition characterized by crusted papules distributed over the seborrhoeic areas of the trunk and head. A case of Darier's disease presenting to the Otolaryngology department because of severe involvement of the pinna is reported. The typical histological appearances are described and treatment discussed.
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