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Results for “EXTRASYSTOLE”

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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mexiletine therapy of ventricular extrasystoles in the acute phase of myocardial infarction].

25 patients with recent myocardial infarction and ventricular extrasystole occurring either frequently or in bursts were treated by intravenous and then oral mexiletine. Side-effects occurred during the loading dose in 6 patients, then disappeared without sequel, even while treatment was continued in 2 of these patients, or after it was stopped in the remaining 4 (on account of the severity of the side-effects). Rhythm disorders disappeared under mexiletine in 14 patients as soon as the loading dose was administered; its effectiveness was maintained during intravenous perfusion and after the switch to oral administration. Failure occurred in cases of extensive infarction and/or cardiac insufficiency. Mortality, which was zero in those cases in which mexiletine was effective, reached 45% in the failure group. In cases in which mexiletine proved a failure, lidocaine was also ineffective. In one case in which mexiletine was effective, but was stopped because of side-effects, lidocaine proved ineffective. The efficacy of mexiletine is therefore at least equal to that of lidocaine and is maintained after the switch to oral administration.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Physiopathology and methods of clinical evaluation of ventricular extrasystoles].

The severity of ventricular asystole depends on many parameters involving above all the physiopathological mechanism behind the extrasystole; re-entry; normal, exaggerated or abnormal cardiac automatism, and thus the possible presence of underlying cardiopathy. In addition, the morphology, number and characteristic features of the arrhythmia are directly related to prognosis. Different further investigations: 24-hour Holter monitoring, exercise testing and electrophysiological investigation are often required to assess prognosis.

Cardiac Complexes, Premature↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ventricular extrasystole: prognostic value and therapeutic indication].

Ventricular beats are abnormal rhythms which are frequently detected by modern recording techniques in healthy subjects as well as in patients with heart disease. In the first case, analysis of the literature enables us to exclude any pejorative prognostic implication associated with V.E.B., in the absence of any major risk factor for coronary artery disease. However, when there is an underlying heart disease, a number of subgroups can be distinguished with a high risk of sudden death: coronary insufficiency associated with ischaemic cardiomyopathy, especially in the early post-hospital phase after a myocardial infarction; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with ventricular tachycardia on the Holter monitor, family history of sudden death, personal past history of syncope; mitral prolapse with clinical symptoms and auscultatory signs; idiopathic long QT syndrome. In contrast, V.E.B.s do not appear to have prognostic significance in idiopathic hypokinetic cardiomyopathies and aortic valvular disease. In general, it is more the clinical setting than the actual morphology which determines the prognostic implications of ventricular extrasystoles. The sub-groups at high risk should be treated with anti-arrhythmics, but the evaluation of the effectiveness of such treatment remains uncertain and the authors believe that the development of studies of ventricular stimulation prior to and during treatment are justified.

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents↗
PubMed1984

[Elementary changes in the duration of successive sinus cycles; the concept of sinus extrasystole].

The authors studied the duration of successive sinus cycles in 35 patients confined to bed using a computerized system to trace graphs of heart rate (tachograms) with a resolution greater than +/- 2,5 ms due to precise detection of the upstroke of the R wave. A coupled visualization system excluded variations due to changes in the PR interval. Several types of modification were demonstrated: 1) slow fluctuations of high amplitude of the heart rate probably related to the autonomic nervous system or circulating catecholamines, 2) smaller variations of heart rate, from cycle to cycle with different forms of distribution: progressive increment or decrement over 3 to 4 cycles in 10 ms steps. This may be a system of intrasinus regulation for controlling variations of periods of 10 ms from one cycle to another. In both forms of distribution, the total amplitude of variation for a complete period of 3 to 4 cycles ranged from 30 to 75 ms. In some cases, sinus complexes were recorded with a prematurity of about 50 ms with respect to the preceding cycle and followed by an equivalent compensatory pause with respect to the last non-extrasystolic cycle. When the coupling interval of these premature complexes varied, the compensatory pauses remained unchanged. These results suggest a very precise system of control over the sinus rhythm, the mechanisms of which could be very varied: either cyclical variations of intrasinus conduction time from the same zone of automaticity to the atrium, or a sequential system of automaticity of slightly different frequencies obeying an unknown law; or again, electronic variations between two or more pacemakers of comparable frequency within the sinus node.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cardiac Complexes, Premature↗
PubMed1984

Results of long-term propranolol treatment in myocardial infarction survivors with advanced grades of ventricular extrasystoles.

204 patients with established ischaemic heart disease, aged up to 62 years, were divided at random into two groups according to the matched pairs principle with respect to factors influencing long-term prognosis. Before randomization, the patients' ECG was monitored for 24 hrs, a treadmill exercise test and roentgencardiography were performed. The follow-up period was about 1.5 years. In the experimental group of 101 patients who were given propranolol in individualized doses (40-320 mg/day), which ensured a decrease in heart rate by 15-20%, sudden coronary death was significantly less frequent (p less than 0.01) than in the control group. The occurrence of repeated non-fatal myocardial infarction did not in the two groups significantly differ. A decrease in the occurrence of ventricular extrasystoles in the propranolol treated group was found only at the exercise test.

Cardiac Complexes, Premature↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Initiation mechanism of the first extrasystole in short-term atrial arrhythmia].

Excitation propagation during arrhythmias induced by electric stimulation into the vulnerable phase was studied on rabbit' left auricle bands by mapping (in 80-150 points). Arrhythmias were initiated under normal conditions and at acetylcholine background (0.2 mg/l). Recording of the electrical activity was realized by surface electrodes. The first extrasystole wave was shown to be conditioned as a result of the appearance of one or several point or ring-like excitation sources on the myocardium surface. There is no continuous circulation of the excitation wave on the surface of the cardiac tissue. Probable mechanisms of the appearance of such sources are discussed. Excitation circulation in the myocardium thickness (intramural re-entry) is considered as a more probable mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia disclosed by ventricular extrasystole].

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia is one of the principal causes of sudden cardiac death in young subjects. In the absence of ventricular tachycardia, the disease can be revealed by simple ventricular extrasystole. In the light of such a case, the authors discuss the value of various complementary investigations for the diagnosis of these clinical forms with little or no symptoms. Detailed examination of the electrocardiogram followed by a search for late ventricular potentials are decisive steps before proceeding to invasive investigations which often remain essential to confirm the diagnosis. The prognosis remains uncertain, and is always dominated by the risk of sudden death, even in these apparently minor forms of the disease. This point further emphasizes the need for detection, which should be facilitated by the recent establishment of a list of diagnostic criteria.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Pseudo AV dissociation caused by interpolated junctional extrasystoles in the presence of a first-degree AV block].

This presentation reports an electrocardiogram showing first degree A-V block with a very prolonged P-R interval of 0.80 sec. On several occasions an arrhythmia occurred, characterized by what looked like an A-V junctional escape rhythm with A-V dissociation. This was suggested by a variable and, at first glance, haphazard relationship between QRS complexes and P waves. Analysis of the tracing suggested that the pattern was due to an interpolated A-V junctional extrasystole, followed by a sinus beat with an inordinately long P-R interval, whose duration was 1.18 sec. This very prolonged A-V conduction time made it difficult to recognize the relationship between P waves and QRS complexes, so that the pattern appeared as an A-V dissociation.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of carbon dioxide baths on the physical work capacity and extrasystole of patients with ischemic heart disease and stable stenocardia].

97 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and stable angina pectoris class I and II underwent balneotherapy: 67 patients took effervescent baths and 30 patients took baths without carbon dioxide. Spiroveloergometry and ambulatory Holter's monitoring showed that carbon dioxide baths contribute to enhancement of antiarrhythmic effect in CHD patients with stable angina pectoris and secure a 50% decrease in the mean occurrence of ventricular and supraventricular extrasystoles correlating with a reduction in myocardial ischemia (painful and silent). There is also a training effect associated with improvement of muscular performance and coronary heart reserve.

Angina Pectoris↗