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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Dieldrin, DDT, PCBs, and mercury levels in freshwater mullet from the upper Great Lakes, 1975-76.

Freshwater mullet harvested commercially during various seasons of 1975-76 from the upper Great Lakes were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides, PCBs, and mercury. Species analyzed were Catostomus commersoni, C. catostomus, and Moxostoma erythruran. Whole ground fish, mechanically deboned flesh, head, middle, and tail steaks, and various muscles were analyzed for pesticides and PCBs; only edible flesh was analyzed for mercury. Dieldrin ranged from none detected to 0.23 ppm in deboned and whole ground samples, the DDT range was a trace to 0.30 ppm, and PCBs ranged from 0.06 ppm to 0.79 ppm. Levels were also higher in head sections and in high fat-containing medial muscle and belly flap. Mercury levels ranged from 0.03 ppm to 0.28 ppm in the flesh of mullet from Lake Michigan.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Dieldrin poisoning: case report.

A case of dieldrin poisoning is reported. This case exemplifies the factor of weight loss and speculates on possible treatment.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1975

Rapid method for extracting aldrin, dieldrin, and endrin from visceral material.

A simple method is described for purifying aldrin, dieldrin, and endrin from visceral material by using a Celite column. Celite retains all interfering materials including Lipids whereas the chlorinated Insecticides are eluted from the column with n-hexane. This extract can be used directly for gas chromatographic analysis.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1975

Effect of dieldrin toxicity on acetate and palmitate metabolism in rat liver.

The effect of a single oral dose of dieldrin (30 mg/kg body weight) on lipid metabolism in rats was studied. Liver lipids content increased and this increase was mainly in the triglyceride fraction. The incorporation of acetate-14C into fatty acids was decreased indicating an inhibition of lipogenesis. Fatty acid oxidation was increased. Palmitate-14C incorporation into the triglyceride fraction was enhanced pointing to an overall increased utilization of fatty acids.

Acetates↗
PubMed1975

Analysis of various Iowa waters for selected pesticides: atrazine, DDE, and dieldrin-1974.

Atrazine, DDE, and dieldrin were extracted and concentrated from various surface, subsurface, and finished waters using the macroreticular resin method. Organic components in the concentrates from these waters were separated by gas chromatography; the amounts of the three pesticides in the waters ranged from 0.5 to 42,000 parts per trillion by weight. Every major watershed in the State of Iowa revealed some degree of pesticide contamination and seasonal variations were consistent with agricultural runoff models. Atrazine concentrations were highest of the three pesticides, a symptom of its widespread use in the corn belt. DDE also appeared in substantial quantities, providing further evidence of the persistence of DDT and its metabolites. Water from several shallow wells and finished water from many water treatment plants were also contaminated. Current treatment processes do not effectively remove these pesticides.

Atrazine↗
PubMed1989

Histogenesis of dieldrin and DDT-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in Balb/c mice.

Male, Balb/c mice were fed diets containing dieldrin (10 ppm) and DDT (100-175 ppm) for 75 weeks. Control and treated mice were serially killed and their livers analyzed by histological and histochemical procedures after 2, 4, 8, 16, 36, 52 and 75 weeks of exposure. Mice administered both chlorinated hydrocarbons initially responded with centrolobular hepatocytomegaly. The cells were characterized by decreased glucose-6-phosphatase and succinate dehydrogenase activity. At later periods 52 through 75 weeks, foci of phenotypically-altered hepatocytes were noted. The cells of these lesions were basophilic or clear-staining in hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections and displayed increased gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activity. In mice preloaded with iron dextran, cells of foci were negative for iron when the surrounding parenchyma was siderotic. Hepatocellular adenomas (HA) and carcinomas (HPC) were composed of cells with increased gamma glutamyl transpeptidase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and decreased glucose-6-phosphatase and succinate dehydrogenase activity. In iron loaded mice, the cells of HA and HPC did not stain for iron in otherwise siderotic surroundings. Both hepatocellular foci and adenomas may be potential precursors of mouse hepatocellular carcinomas.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inhibition of gap junctional-mediated intercellular communication in vitro by aldrin, dieldrin, and toxaphene: a possible cellular mechanism for their tumor-promoting and neurotoxic effects.

Several mechanisms have been postulated to be responsible for the pleiotropic effects of toxic chemicals. Although the cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of chemicals are well studied and relatively easily detected, the noncytotoxic and nonmutagenic (i.e., epigenetic) mechanisms of chemical toxicity are less well understood. An in vitro assay, using cocultures of Chinese hamster cells to measure metabolic cooperation between V79 6-thioguanine-sensitive (6TGs) and resistant (6TGr) cells, has been developed to detect noncytotoxic and nonmutagenic chemicals that inhibit, quantitatively, gap junctional communication. The insecticides aldrin, dieldrin, and toxaphene, known to have pleiotropic toxic effects in animals, were shown to inhibit gap junctional communication. Interpretation of results suggests that chemical inhibition of gap junctional communication could be a possible mechanism to explain their tumor-promoting and neurotoxic effects.

Aldrin↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of carcinogenicity studies with aldrin and dieldrin.

Laboratory testing of animals is the principal method used to identify chemical carcinogens. However conflicting results are often obtained. This is emphasized in a cross-comparison of 6 aldrin-dieldrin studies; 3 were positive for tumor induction and 3 were negative. Four components of the assays are examined: husbandry, compound administration, observation, and interpretation of results.

Aldrin↗
PubMed1980

Effects of sublethal dose exposure to dieldrin on Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) under laboratory conditions.

The effects of a sublethal dose of Dieldrin (7.2 x 10(-5) g/day) were evaluated on oxygen consumption, survivorship, moulting and reproduction of Rhodnius prolixus. No difference was found in oxygen consumption between treated and control male insect. Survivorship proved to be very much affected by the sublethal exposure, but this was strongly dependent on the feeding stage of the individuals. Moulting times were prolonged by 2 to 3 days depending on the instar, but the number of individuals that succeeded in moulting was not affected. Total number of eggs laid by an average female was not affected, but the treated females layed fewer eggs in the first three weeks after feeding, and more eggs in the following weeks, than the untreated females. Possible physiological mechanisms that explain our results are related to the proteolytic activity of the midgut, to an interference with the hormonal system, to an insecticide hormoligasis effect, and to an interference with the ovarian follicles development. In terms of vector control these effects provide an alternative way of repopulating a sprayed house.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mode of action of lindane, dieldrin and related insecticides in the central nervous system.

A mode of action for lindane, dieldrin and related chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides is proposed. The available evidence suggests that these insecticides act upon neurons in a global manner. Their primary target is the synapse, and they act there to intensify synaptic activity, primarily by enhancing transmitter release from the presynaptic terminal. All neurons appear to be affected. There is no apparent predilection for excitatory or inhibitory systems in the nervous system nor is there evidence for a specific action upon a single neurotransmitter or neurotransmitter system. It is proposed that the modifications that occur in behavior are based upon this same mode of action. A simplified model of brain plasticity, the kindled seizure model, is described as a potential tool for further investigation.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Mallory body formation in hepatic nodules of mice ingesting dieldrin.

Mallory bodies (MBs) were observed in hepatic nodules induced by long-term administration of a diet containing 10 p.p.m. of dieldrin to C57BL/6 mice. MBs were first detected after 46 weeks and were seen in 26 of 41 mice which developed hepatic nodules. The MBs were limited to the nodules in 25 mice. Twenty-one of the nodules were carcinomas and 20 of those contained MBs. Our observations suggest that MBs may be a marker for neoplastic transformation and may prove useful in experimental studies of carcinogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Determination of aldrin, dieldrin and endrin in the air by gas chromatography].

A gas chromatographic method of determination of aldrin, dieldrin and endrin in air has been developed. The method involves trapping in ethylene glycol, extraction with hexane and determination by electron capture gas chromatography on a Gas Chrom Q column coated with 15% QF-1/10% DC-200. The determinability of the method amounts to 0,0015-0,003 mg/m3.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1980

Susceptibility to DDT, malathion, fenitrothion and dieldrin of three flea species in the boyolali plague endemic area, Central Java, Indonesia.

Insecticide susceptibility tests with 4% DDT, 0.5% and 5.0% malathion, 1% fenitrothion, and 0.2% dieldrin impregnated papers were carried out with fleas spp. from the Boyolali plague zone. The field flea (Stivalius cognatus) which was highly susceptible to malathion before, has now been found to be resistant to the insecticide, but was found susceptible to the other three insecticides. The oriental rat flea (X. cheopis) which found previously highly resistant to DDT, was now found to be less resistant, and susceptible to other insecticides tested. From preliminary tests with DDT to another field flea (Neopsylla sondiacus), it was found to be susceptible to the insecticide.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and prediagnostic serum organochlorines: beta-hexachlorocyclohexane, chlordane/heptachlor-related compounds, dieldrin, and hexachlorobenzene.

Increases in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) incidence and mortality rates during the past few decades remain largely unexplained. Studies suggest that organochlorine pesticides may contribute to an increased risk of NHL. In 1974, serum samples were obtained from 25,802 participants in the Campaign Against Cancer and Stroke in Washington County, Maryland (USA), and cryopreserved for future study. We measured prediagnostic levels of chlordane, lindane (gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane), beta-hexachlorocyclohexane, transnonachlor, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, oxychlordane, dieldrin, and hexachlorobenzene in serum samples of 74 cases of NHL and 147 matched controls. Previously, we found an association between NHL and serum levels of total PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls), but not DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) and related compounds. In this instance, there was no evidence of an association between NHL risk and serum levels of any of the individual lipid- and recovery-corrected organochlorines that we evaluated, nor of the summed chlordane-related compounds (transnonachlor, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, oxychlordane). These findings do not support the hypothesis that the organochlorine compounds included in this study are strongly linked to the development of NHL. The possibility of a weak association cannot be excluded by these data.

Case-Control Studies↗