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PubMed1968

Napkin psoriasis.

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Candidiasis, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1975

Psoriasiform napkin dermatitis-a follow-up study.

One hundred and twenty-three children who had napkin dermatitis, with or without a secondary sensitization eruption, in infancy were reviewed 5-13 years later. Of the seventy-one who had a predominantly psoriasiform secondary eruption, twelve (17%) had psoriasis at review-three (4%) had atopic eczema. None of the forty treated for a predominantly seborrhoeic secondary eruption had psoriasis at review-15 (37%) had atopic eczema. The psoriasiform group had the highest incidence of psoriasis and the lowest incidence of atopy among first degree relatives. The converse incidence was found in the seborrhoeic group. It is suggested that infants who develop psoriasiform napkin dermatitis have a psoriatic diathesis.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

Napkin (diaper) dermatitis and gastrointestinal carriage of Candida albicans.

The correlation of recovery of Candida albicans from the skin, rectum and faeces of four clinically distinct groups of infants with napkin (diaper) dermatitis has been studied. We found that: (I) C. albicans is largely and constantly present both on the skin and in faeces of subjects with clinically overt Candidiasis of the napkin area; (2) C. albicans is lacking from both the skin and faeces of subjects with chafing or atopic dermatitis; (3) C. albicans can be found in faeces of subjects with unclassifiable napkin dermatitis in a direct relationship with its clinical severity; (4) failure to recover C. albicans from the skin can be due to the inhibitory effect of the inflammatory host reaction and therefore can be misleading.

Candida albicans↗
PubMed2006

Prospective aetiological study of diaper dermatitis in the elderly.

BACKGROUND: The different causes of diaper dermatitis (DD) in the elderly are not well known and the treatment is often empirical. OBJECTIVES: To determine the causes of DD in the elderly and to evaluate the efficacy of antifungal treatments in this indication. METHODS: Consecutive patients presenting with DD were included. Clinical evaluation, skin swabs for bacterial and mycological cultures, patch testing and skin biopsy were performed at inclusion. This was followed by 1 month of topical antifungal cream and, if needed, by oral fluconazole for the second month. RESULTS: Forty-six patients were included (mean age 85 years). Causes of DD were established for 38 patients: 24 had candidiasis (63%), six irritant dermatitis (16%), four eczema (11%) and four psoriasis (11%). After 2 months of treatment, 27 of 37 (73%) patients were cured and five of 37 were improved. CONCLUSIONS: Mycoses and irritant dermatitis are the main causes of DD in the elderly, and emollient skin care and topical antifungal treatment can be considered a first-line therapy for this indication.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Diaper dermatitis with psoriasiform ID eruption.

Diaper dermatitis with psoriasiform ID eruption has a distinct clinical presentation. Its etiology and relationship to psoriasis remain uncertain. Previous reports have shown histologic features of subacute to chronic dermatitis. Two cases are presented in which a biopsy of secondary lesions showed features characteristic of psoriasis. It is possible that such cases represent those patients with a psoriatic diathesis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1992

Microbiology of secondarily infected diaper dermatitis.

Specimens obtained from 67 infants with secondarily infected diaper dermatitis were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Bacteria growth was obtained in 58. Aerobic facultative bacteria or Candida sp. only were present in 28 patients (48%), anaerobic bacteria only in 11 (19%), and mixed anaerobic with aerobic, facultative, or yeast flora was present in 19 (33%). Ninety-one bacterial or fungal isolates were recovered (1.6 per specimen), 54 (0.9 per specimen) aerobic or facultative bacteria, 8 (0.1 per specimen) Candida sp., and 31 (0.6 per specimen) strict anaerobes. The predominant aerobic and facultative bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (23 isolates), Streptococcus sp. (16), and Escherichia coli (6). The predominant anaerobes included Bacteroides sp. (12, including 9 Bacteroides fragilis group) and Peptostreptococcus sp. (11). Single bacterial isolates were recovered in 32 (55%) patients, 18 of which were S. aureus. Twenty-five beta-lactamase-producing bacteria were detected in 22 (51%) of the 43 tested patients. These included 16 S. aureus and 6 B. fragilis group. These data highlight the importance of anaerobic bacteria in the polymicrobial nature of secondarily infected diaper dermatitis.

Bacteria, Aerobic↗
PubMed2004

Therapy of pediatric genital diseases.

Infants and children have special issues with regard to genital disease. Infants are incontinent, and have an increase in local irritation and infection risk. In addition, the adult sex hormones which enhance the health of genital skin are deficient. Also, the choice of therapy must be modified to take into account the more fragile nature of prepubertal skin, the tolerance of children to painful treatments, and the lack of experience of some medications in children.

Child↗
PubMed1996

Granuloma gluteale infantum.

Granuloma gluteale infantum is an uncommon disorder, the pathogenesis of which remains unclear. Occlusion is a common factor and irritant napkin dermatitis is a frequent association. A six month old female infant with mild napkin dermatitis treated only with a dusting powder is presented.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed2005

Clinical and mycological benefits of topical application of honey, olive oil and beeswax in diaper dermatitis.

Twelve infants suffering from diaper dermatitis were treated four times daily for 7 days with a mixture containing honey, olive oil and beeswax. The severity of erythema was evaluated on a five-point scale. Three infants had severe erythema and ulceration, four had moderate erythema, and five had moderate erythema with maceration. The initial mean lesion score of 2.91 +/- 0.79 declined significantly (p < 0.05) to 2.0 +/- 0.98 (day 3), 1.25 +/- 0.96 (day 5) and 0.66 +/- 0.98 (day 7). Candida albicans was isolated initially from four patients, but from only two patients after treatment. This topical treatment was safe and well-tolerated, and demonstrated clinical and mycological benefits in the treatment of diaper dermatitis.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1986

Etiologic factors in diaper dermatitis: the role of urine.

Diaper dermatitis may result after repeated or prolonged contact of skin with urine and feces. A hairless mouse model was used to elucidate the role of urine in this process. The results of this work suggest that an important function of urine in the etiology of diaper dermatitis is to increase the pH of the diaper environment by breaking down urea in the presence of fecal urease. This rise in pH increases the activities of fecal proteases and lipases, which can damage skin. Urine can also increase the permeability of diapered skin to irritants and can directly irritate skin when exposure is prolonged.

Ammonia↗