Sexual harassment in the dental office. A model policy.
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Dental Staff↗
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Results for “DENTAL MODELS”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
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[The orthodontic findings in patients with unilateral Angle Class II].
In this study the original orthodontic documentation of 23 patients (twelve girls and eleven boys, average age 12.7 years) with one side Angle class II subdivision were analyzed. Computer assisted measurements were obtained from dental models and from posteroanterior and lateral oblique cephalometric radiographs of each patient. This results of this research indicate that the asymmetric occlusion was caused by dental as well as by skeletal components. In addition to an asymmetric position of the upper first molars, a lateral position of the whole mandible was established.
Adolescent↗
The compensation of dental arch and teeth in patients with skeletal protrusion and deviation of mandible.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the compensation of dental arch and teeth in patients with skeletal protrusion and deviation of mandible. METHODS: Measurement of 11 dental models was performed, midline of palate was defined as central line, the distance of every contact point to the midline was measured in each side. The dental arch symmetry was observed. Occlusion plane was defined as conference plane, the buccal or lingual inclination of posterior teeth in upper and lower arch was measured. RESULTS: Upper arch was asymmetry in these patients, the arch width of deviated side (the side that the chin was deviated to) was broader than the other side. The posterior teeth of upper and lower arch were more buccally and lingually inclined respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Skeletal protrusion and deviation of mandible may result in compensation of dental arch and teeth, the de-compensation is important in pre-operative orthodontic treatment.
Dental Arch↗
Effects of cement bases on the stresses in amalgam restorations.
A computerized dental model was used to study the stress induced in a Class 1 amalgam restoration when supported by bases of varying materials and thickness. Under the same load, the maximum tensile stresses and deflections in the amalgam restoration increased at least threefold with a zinc oxide-eugenol base as compared with a ZnPO4 cement base.
Dental Amalgam↗
The precision of computer-generated surgical splints.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the precision of stereolithographic surgical splints generated by the authors' computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technique by comparing them with the conventional acrylic splints. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven volunteers were used. A pair of surgical splints, stereolithographic and conventional acrylic splints, was fabricated for each subject. A novel method was developed to quantify the airspace between the teeth and the splint. Conventional acrylic surgical splints served as a control group. The airspaces were recorded by impression materials and sliced cross-sectionally. Corresponding areas of the cross-sectional airspaces between stereolithographic and acrylic splints were measured and compared. Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression tests were performed. RESULTS: Seven pairs of surgical splints were created. The areas of 98 pairs of cross-sectional airspaces were measured. The average difference between the conventional and the STL splints was 0.24 +/- 0.23 mm(2). The correlation coefficient (r) of the airspace areas between the stereolithographic and conventional acrylic splints was 1.00, and the regression coefficient (beta) was 1.03 (P <.01). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that the stereolithographic splints, generated by the authors' CAD/CAM technique, had a high degree of accuracy. The fit of the STL splints was the same as the conventional surgical splints. In the future, traditional plaster dental model surgery will be replaced by computer-assisted surgical planning. The surgical splints will be made in the computer and the treatment plan will be directly transferred to the patient.
Acrylic Resins↗
Synthesis and photopolymerization of N,N'-dimethyl,-N,N'-di(methacryloxy ethyl)-1,6-hexanediamine as a polymerizable amine coinitiator for dental restorations.
N,N'-dimethyl,-N,N'-di(methacryloxy ethyl)-1,6-hexanediamine (NDMH) was synthesized for the purpose of replacing both triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and the non-polymerizable amine which is added as a coinitiator in dental resin mixtures, 2,2-bis[4(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropoxy)phenyl] propane (bis-GMA), camphorquinone (CQ) and ethyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate (EDAB) were used as monomer, photoinitiator and coinitiator, respectively, in these model dental resin systems. Mixtures of bis-GMA/TEGDMA/CQ/EDAB and bis-GMA/TEGDMA/CQ/NDMH were found to reach final conversions of about 45%, slightly higher than his-GMA/NDMH/CQ (40%) under comparable visible light irradiation conditions. In addition, samples cured to these conversions were tested with dynamic mechanical analysis. The bis-GMA/TEGDMA/CQ/EDAB, his-GMA/TEGDMA/CQ/NDMH and bis-GMA/NDMH/CQ mixtures were found to have approximately the same glass transition temperature and modulus. Finally, the water sorption and solubility of bis-GMA/NDMH/CQ were higher than those of the bis-GMA/TEGDMA/CQ/EDAB, and bis-GMA/TEGDMA/CQ/NDMH. However, the values were still within the range of the ISO 9000's standards. These results suggest that NDMH is a viable alternative to conventional photocuring dental resins, serving both as a diluent and coinitiator, since there are no large differences in physical and mechanical properties when using NDMH to replace the amine coinitiator and TEGDMA diluent. The key advantage to this system is that the dimethacrylate NDMH can copolymerize with bis-GMA and TEGDMA, limiting the amount of extractable amine.
Amines↗
Dental insurance, a successful model facing new challenges.
Dental insurance has been the fastest growing fringe benefit during the 70s. Further, it has evolved into a cost-effective means for getting more people to seek dental treatment. Early worries of the purchaser and the profession about the uninsurability of dental care have largely been solved; to this day, though, no one has developed a model to successfully deliver individual coverage. In the 80s, dental insurance is facing some significant new challenges, mainly because purchasers of care perceive the need to trim all health care costs due to the rapid escalation of medical and hospital costs. Two avenues being pursued are "alternative delivery" and a "health tax" on fringe benefits. These two cost-containment efforts significantly threaten both the form and growth of dental insurance. It is important that the profession recognize the significance of these challenges and, recognizing the causes, become involved in finding solutions that do not diminish the quality of dental care.
Cost Control↗
Comparison of bitemarks left in foodstuffs with models of the suspects' dentitions as a means of identifying a perpetrator.
In a recent court case, a comparison was made between an impression of marks left in cheese at a murder scene and a set of study models of one of the suspects. The court was reluctant to accept the validity of the pattern-associated comparison that was used in the identification. This study compared marks made in cheese, butter and cooked potato with study models taken from volunteers. Pattern-associated comparison was the method used. Eighty pair-wise comparisons were made by two odontologists. The examiners correctly identified all the true matches from among the eighty comparisons as well as selecting the dental models for which there were no corresponding silicone impressions. In the absence of identifiable fingerprints or DNA samples, the method can be employed for matching left in foodstuffs to the dentitions of suspects.
Adolescent↗
Efficacy of the Sonicare toothbrush fluid dynamic action on removal of human supragingival plaque.
The fluid pressure and shear forces generated by the high frequency bristle motion of the Sonicare sonic toothbrush remove adherent colonies of cultured bacteria from model dental surfaces in vitro. These dynamic fluid effects can remove bacteria in vitro even at distances up to 4 mm beyond the tips of the bristles. To evaluate the efficacy of the Sonicare in removing actual human plaque deposits formed in vivo, an intraoral model was developed. Enamel sections were obtained from extracted human teeth and mounted on acrylic resin palatal prostheses, worn by two volunteers. Six enamel sections were arranged as three pairs at different locations on the prosthesis, and plaque was allowed to form overnight (approximately 16 h). The sections were removed, placed in phosphate-buffered saline, and exposed in vitro to the sonic toothbrush for 5, 10 or 15 seconds. The bristle tips were maintained at distances of 2 or 3 mm from the enamel surface. As a comparison, sections were also exposed to another electric toothbrush (Interplak) for 10 seconds using a distance of 3 mm between the bristles and the enamel. Following exposure to the toothbrushes, residual bacteria were removed from the sections by ultrasonication for 15 seconds, and total viable cell counts determined by serial dilution on blood agar plates. One section from each pair was used to measure total (baseline) microbial accumulation. At a distance of 3 mm between bristles and enamel, the sections exposed to Sonicare demonstrated significant (p < 0.001) plaque removal of 56-78% relative to non-treated controls. In contrast, the control electric brush did not demonstrate removal of plaque bacteria after 10 seconds exposure. These quantitative results were visually confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The findings demonstrate that the fluid dynamic activity generated by the sonic vibrations of the Sonicare toothbrush removed microbial plaque formed in vivo, even at a distance of 3 mm beyond its bristle tips.
Biofilms↗
[Three-dimensional x-ray computed tomographic imaging of the dentition after bone subtraction].
Owing to computer programs, computed tomography allows obtaining sections of the facial structures in all spatial planes and to "pile up" all sections to reconstruct the structural unit studied. In addition, these images can be reconstructed by selecting a density threshold, for example that of dentin or of enamel, isolating those from their bony environment, and thus the patient's dental arch can be visualized as if one was manipulating a pair of dental models. The first results obtained with this technique are presented, and they seem to be highly promising.
Humans↗
Connecting to success: practice management on the Net.
Profound changes in the way dental practices manage data, patient records, and communication are beginning to unfold. Sooner than most of us can imagine, secured patient medical and dental records will reside on the Internet. Additionally, communication between health care providers and patients will become virtually 100% electronic. As the Application Service Provider (ASP) dental models mature, practices will transition from paper to "paperless" to "web-based" management and clinical systems. This article examines and explains these future frontiers.
Appointments and Schedules↗
[Analysis of two kinds of method in the treatment of mandibular fracture].
In this paper, 27 cases of mandibular fracture with displaced fragment were divided into experiment group fixed by plate following AO principles and control group fixed by IMF. Through postoperative evaluation separately at the first, second, third month by means of X-ray, occlusal analysis based on dental models before and after fracture, occlusal force recording in areas of molar, premolar, incisors, and investigation of mandibular movement function during mastication, the results show that: (1) Occlusal relationship is not as satisfied as considered previously when IMF is used to treat mandibular fracture. In some cases, the dental cusps of molar and premolar don't contact tightly in lingual side, the occlusal plane seem to be inclined bucco-lingually. (2) The use of DC plate or EDC plate can avoid long-time IMF and reduce its complications, allow early function of mandibular fracture and follow the principles of biomechanics of combining mobility with static. As long as exact operative procedures, better occlusion than the use of IMF can be achieved.
Adolescent↗
Limitations of the profit-volume model in analyzing dental teaching clinics.
Use of the cost center concept and the profit- volume model has been advocated to analyze the fiscal position of dental teaching clinics. While these methods are helpful in solving specific management dilemmas, they have three identifiable limitations in describing the overall fiscal position of dental teaching clinics. The purpose of this paper is to review these limitations and to discuss their implication.
Academic Medical Centers↗
Release of endotoxin in an experimental model simulating the dental root canal.
The action of endotoxin on subcutaneous connective tissue was examined in an experimental model simulating the dental root canal. The local Shwartzman reaction was used as a tool to detect slight tissue alterations that might otherwise go unobserved. The experimental results warrent, in our opinion, the tentative conclusion that the primary toxicity of endotoxins has no major part in the initiation or maintenance of chronic periapical inflammation.
Animals↗
Maxillary dental arch dimensions following pharyngeal-flap surgery.
Pharyngeal-flap surgery (PFS) is a surgical procedure utilized in the treatment of hypernasal speech. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of PFS on the maxillary dental arch. Sixteen patients who had undergone PFS between the ages of 5 and 7 years were selected from the longitudinal growth study of the Lancaster Cleft Palate Clinic. Eight points were marked on the occlusal surfaces of serial maxillary dental models to determine arch width and length. These data were compared to a matched sample of patients from the same growth study who did not undergo PFS. The flap group demonstrated significant reduction in both arch width (at cuspids and molars) and arch length development compared to the control sample, following PFS. These results are not inconsistent with an hypothesis of dental-arch form changes related to possible airway obstruction following PFS, although data on the latter were not available on this sample.
Airway Resistance↗
DIAGNOSIS NEEDED IN APPLYING FIXED PARTIAL DENTURE PROSTHESES.
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Denture, Partial, Fixed↗
Dental impaction pain model as a potential tool to evaluate drugs with efficacy in neuropathic pain.
Intravenous lidocaine, a nonspecific Na-channel blocker, was used to assess the dental impaction model for evaluation of neuropathic pain drugs. Sixty patients, experiencing moderate or severe pain after removal of > or = 2 third molars, were randomized (2:2:1:1) to lidocaine (4 mg/kg; maximal dose 300 mg), oxycodone/acetaminophen (10/650 mg), placebo, and active placebo (diphenhydramine, 50 mg). Lidocaine provided a modest degree of pain relief. Predefined endpoints of total pain relief and sum of pain intensity at 2, 4, and 6 hours showed numerically, not statistically significantly, greater pain relief versus placebo. A significantly greater effect over placebo was observed in peak effect and at shorter time points (30 minutes and 1 hour), consistent with the pharmacokinetic profile (plasma concentration of approximately 2 mug/mL). Oxycodone/acetaminophen provided significantly greater analgesia versus placebo, validating study conduct, and significantly greater pain relief was observed versus lidocaine, which is consistent with a smaller portion of dental extraction pain being of neuropathic origin.
Acetaminophen↗
PROSTHETIC MANAGEMENT OF MANDIBULAR PROGNATHISM: A TEAM APPROACH.
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Chromium Alloys↗