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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

An immunohistochemical analysis of ras oncogene expression in epithelial neoplasms of the colon.

Colonic epithelial tumors (101) including villoglandular adenomas, carcinomas in situ, adenocarcinomas, and neuroendocrine (NE) carcinomas were studied immunohistochemically with monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) RAP-5 and RAS-10 recognizing altered and unaltered ras oncogene products. In addition, 20 samples from multiple polyposis including adenomas with and without dysplasia, carcinomas in situ, and invasive carcinomas were studied. Using immunostaining techniques, normal mucosa was weakly stained, whereas the mucosa in the vicinity of tumors or inflammation showed enhanced staining. More tumors stained intensely with MoAb RAP-5 than with MoAb RAS-10. With MoAb RAP-5, most benign and malignant tumors showed enhanced staining. No significant differences in staining were noted in relation to superficial versus deeply invasive carcinomas or clinical staging. Immunostaining was also noted in some metastases. No significant differences in enhanced staining were found in carcinomas. Interestingly, the most extensive and enhanced immunostaining was noted in the villoglandular adenomas, dysplastic adenomas, and carcinomas in situ. The authors conclude that (1) ras protein expression is detectable in most benign, borderline, and malignant epithelial tumors of the colon as determined with MoAb RAP-5 and RAS-10, whereas enhanced expression is more often detected with RAP-5; (2) enhanced ras product expression in colon carcinomas does not seem to correlate with advanced tumor stages or with exocrine, NE, or phenotypically mixed tumors; and (3) the finding of the most intensely enhanced ras products expression in villoglandular polyps and carcinomas in situ suggests a possibly significant role for the oncogene in the early phases of transformation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

[Anemia in primary care: etiology and morphological characteristics].

OBJECTIVE: To find the morphological characteristics and causes of the types of anaemia seen at a primary care centre. DESIGN: Descriptive, observational study. SETTING: Urban health centre. PATIENTS: People attending for a year who had an anaemia defined by haemoglobin figures below 13 g/dl in males and 12 g/dl in women. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: 152 patients with anaemia were identified. The most common types of anaemia were iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA), anaemia due to chronic illness (ACI) and post-haemorrhage anaemia (48%, 26.3% and 6.6%, respectively). Anaemia due to vitamin B12 deficit was detected in four patients, Thalassaemia minor in two, haemolytic anaemia in two, and a refractory anaemia in one patient. The most common cause of IDA was gynaecological in origin; and the commonest cause of ACI was neoplasm. The main findings of digestive origin in IDA were oesophagitis in two patients, duodenal ulcer in one, erosive gastritis in one, gastric neoplasm in one, colonic neoplasm in two and Crohn's disease in one. 13.7% of the anaemia studied in PC required hospital referral. CONCLUSIONS: Anaemia is a common health problem in primary care (PC), with a rough incidence of one case per month per doctor. Its main types are iron-deficiency anaemia and anaemia due to chronic illness. Most cases were detected in PC and most can be studied properly at this care level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

A Western-style diet induces benign and malignant neoplasms in the colon of normal C57Bl/6 mice.

Decreased dietary intakes of calcium, vitamin D and folic acid have been suggested as risk factors for human colon cancer. We previously fed a Western-style diet (WD) containing reduced calcium, vitamin D and increased fat content to normal C57/Bl6 mice: hyperproliferation, hyperplasia and whole crypt dysplasias developed in the colon following WD administration. Utilizing the same diet, we now also decreased the levels of several nutrients that are required for biochemical reactions involving methyl group inadequacy, i.e. folic acid, methionine, choline and vitamin B(12). Dietary levels of these nutrients were reduced to nutrient-density levels approximating those consumed by large segments of human Western populations. This further modification of the WD resulted in adenoma and carcinoma development in normal mouse colon (P < 0.04 compared with AIN-76A diet). The results indicate, for the first time, that a semi-purified rodent diet designed to mimic the human Western diet can induce colonic tumors in normal mice without carcinogen exposure.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2004

Prevalence of colonic polyps is not increased in patients with acromegaly: analysis of 60 patients from India.

BACKGROUND: There are conflicting data on the prevalence of colorectal adenomas in patients with acromegaly. It has been suggested that the risk of colorectal adenomas may be dependent on the geographic and ethnic origin of the patients. MATERIALS: Sixty consecutive patients with active acromegaly due to somatotropinoma underwent colonoscopy prior to definitive surgery. They included 35 men and 25 women with a mean (+/- SD) age of 37.4 +/- 13.2 years and a lag time between symptomatology and diagnosis of acromegaly of 64.6 +/- 58.0 months. The control group included 160 patients (88 men, 72 women; mean age, 38.2 +/- 14.0 years) with a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome who were also subjected to colonoscopy. None of these patients had previous or family history of colonic neoplasm, bleeding or colonic surgery. RESULTS: Colonoscopic examination was complete to the cecum in 52 patients (88%), and to the splenic flexure in the remaining 12%. In the control group, it was complete to the cecum in 144 patients (90%). Four of the acromegalic patients (6.7%) and five in the control group (3.1%; P=0.24) had hyperplastic polyps. No patient in either of the groups had adenomatous polyps or colonic adenocarcinoma. The group of acromegalic patients with and without polyps did not differ significantly in age, duration of disease, growth hormone levels or glycemic status. The number of skin tags, however, was significantly higher (P=0.04) in the polyp group as compared to those without polyps. CONCLUSION: The present study has failed to demonstrate the high prevalence rate of colonic neoplasia in patients with acromegaly as compared to reports from the Western world.

Acromegaly↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Synchronous neoplasms of the colon and kidney: analysis of 2 case reports].

Up until only a few decades ago synchronous renal cell carcinoma associated with primary tumors of other organs was diagnosed almost exclusively in necropsy series. Recently the widespread use of ultrasonography and CT has permitted diagnosis of clinically silent renal cell carcinoma in patients undergoing a work-up for other primary tumors. We report two cases of synchronous colon and renal cancer: 1) a 75 year old woman presented bilateral pulmonary nodules at chest X-Ray and stratigraphy. Total-body CT scan showed multiple, apparently metastatic, bilateral pulmonary lesions and two tumors in the right kidney and ascending colon. A right nephrectomy and right hemicolectomy were performed. She succumbed after 18 months as a result of metastatic spread to the liver, lungs and bone; 2) a 64 year old man was discovered to have a colon cancer during a barium enema examination and endoscopy. CT scan of the abdomen yielded an incidental diagnosis of a tumor in the left kidney. A left nephrectomy and left hemicolectomy were performed. After 6 months CT revealed no evidence of recurrence or metastases. Histology findings revealed two primary malignancies in both cases: a clear cell renal carcinoma and an adenocarcinoma of the colon.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Blood transfusion and survival of patients with neoplasms of the colon and rectum].

The fate of 248 patients diagnosed of colorectal malignancies between 1973 and 1982 and subjected to radical surgery with curative purposes was analysed. The effect of peroperative whole blood and packed red cells transfusions, along with other co-variants, on the survival of the patients was studied. It was found, by means of the Cox analysis, that whole blood and the Duke's staging system had the most important correlation (p = 0.003 and p = 0.02, respectively) on the patients' prognosis and survival, no such relationship being found with packed red cells transfusion (p = 0.25). Dose-related association between the relapse index and the number of whole blood units transfused was shown by the Mantel's global trend test (p = 0.015). The different effect of the transfusion products would confirm the hypothesis that the relationship between transfusion and poorer prognosis, thought to be due to patient's immunosuppression and hence higher relapse index, could be determined by any ill-defined plasmatic factor.

Adult↗