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PubMed2005

Cellulitis in Grade III ankle sprain requiring treatment for antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

This case report describes a novel occurrence of a Grade III ankle sprain complicated by cellulitis. The patient ultimately required aspiration of an extra-articular fluid collection and treatment with parenteral antibiotics due to worsening of the infection despite treatment with second-generation cephalosporins. This individual's infection was consistent with MRSA-cellulitis. Cellulitis, in the context of a preceding ankle sprain, has not been reported in the literature; the resultant edema from the injury may have served as the nidus for infection. MRSA comprises a significant proportion of soft-tissue infections in the ambulatory setting, and physicians should incorporate this trend into therapeutic strategies for their infected patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Cellulitis and phlegmons of dental origin in the CHU of Yaounde].

Cellulitis and phlegmons of dental origin in the CHU of Yaoundé. Cellulitis and phlegmons are frequent complications of teeth infections in tropics in general and particularly in Cameroon. They concern all ages and affect more men than women. These pathologies are more developed in disfavoured social classes. Their frequency is very high among pupils and students, whose the financial power depends on poor parents. Cellulitis and phlegmons are more induced by molar's infections. The upper and lower parts of the check were the most frequent. These pathologies disturb the life because of pain they entertained and they can modify life prognosis. They constitute emergencies for diagnosis and treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Orbital cellulitis complicating strabismus surgery: a case report and review of the literature.

Orbital cellulitis is a rarely reported, but potentially vision- and life-threatening complication after strabismus surgery. To date, only seven cases of orbital cellulitis complicating strabismus surgery have been reported in the world literature, and only two cases were reported in adult patients, both occurring more than 100 years ago. We describe a case of unilateral orbital cellulitis after bilateral strabismus surgery in an adult. Early diagnosis (aided by computed tomography) and aggressive intravenous antibiotic therapy resulted in a favorable visual outcome. Diagnosis and management are discussed, and this case is compared with previous cases in the literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Anaerobic orbital cellulitis: a clinical and experimental study.

In this article we have reviewed the clinical and bacteriologic aspects of anaerobic orbital cellulitis and have presented six patients to illustrate these points. Physicians who treat patients with orbital cellulitis should have a high index of suspicion for possible instances involving anaerobes, so that appropriate management can be started early. To investigate this problem further, we created an animal model of anaerobic orbital cellulitis. This model may be useful in future studies of the pathogenesis and treatment of this serious and often devastating disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Haemophilus influenzae type b cellulitis.

Five cases of cellulitis due to H influenzae type b in children are described. Cellulitis due to H influenzae type b should be treated in hospital using parenteral antibiotics in appropriate dosage to cross the blood brain barrier; it is recommended a lumbar puncture is performed in all cases of cellulitis in under two year olds, both to exclude meningitis and to allow the giving of steroids immediately prior to starting the first dose of antibiotics. Index cases and close contacts should be offered chemoprophylaxis to prevent spread of the organism. It seems likely that a vaccine against H influenzae b, effective in under two year olds, will become available in the next few years.

Cellulitis↗
PubMed1988

Eosinophilic cellulitis: five cases.

Five cases of eosinophilic cellulitis or Wells' syndrome are described. While only few children have been included in earlier reports, 4 of the 5 patients in the present paper were below 10 years of age, with the youngest being only 20 months when the disease started. One of the children developed hard and tender subcutaneous swellings on the scalp, the histology of which showed extensive subcutaneous necrotizing granulomas. Similar lesions have not been described previously in connection with eosinophilic cellulitis. Eosinophilic cellulitis may be called a rare disease. However, it is important that clinician and histopathologist are both acquainted with the pathological features of this condition, as the disease often responds readily to steroid therapy.

Cellulitis↗
PubMed1989

[Persistent lymphedema of the penis and scrotum after recurrent episodes of cellulitis and urethritis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis].

A 20 year old man affected by a persistent peno-scrotal lymphedema is reported. This condition followed recurrent attacks of cellulitis and a chronic urethritis. From the urethral discharge we isolated Chlamydia trachomatis and, only during the attacks of cellulitis, Group G Streptococcus. This pathogen cannot be isolated from microflora of the normal urethra and rarely cause cellulitis. In our opinion Chlamydial infection favoured the urethral colonization of Group G Streptococci and their passage in the loose connective tissue of the penis and scrotum. Lymphedema, clinically inapparent before the first attack, become progressively more severe and recurrent attacks took place at intervals without obvious re-exposure to an exogenous source of streptococci. The operative treatment of persistent lymphedema is lymphangiectomy and lymphangioplasty.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Quantitative cultures of biopsy specimens from cutaneous cellulitis.

To study the microbiologic features of cutaneous cellulitis prospectively, quantitative biopsy cultures were carried out in 25 patients who were hospitalized for an untreated cutaneous cellulitis. Biopsy specimens were obtained from both the center and the advancing edge of erythema. Only nine biopsy specimens (three central and six peripheral) (18%) of 50 yielded pathogens. Needle aspiration cultures were performed in seven cases: two yielded pathogens (28.5%). The density of microorganisms was low, ranging from less than 80 colony-forming units (CFUs) per gram of tissue to 1360 CFUs/g of tissue, except next to the edge of an ulcer (two cases), where densities reached 3.2 x 10(6) CFUs/g of tissue. Cutaneous cellulitis shows a discrepancy between the low density of microorganisms and the intensity of the inflammation. A factor other than infection must be implicated. This might be lymphatic failure, which is found in 72% of patients.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1988

[Haemophilus cellulitis--a contribution to the differential diagnosis of cheek swelling in childhood].

The Haemophilus influenzae cellulitis in infancy is a disease with special features in relation to early clinical recognition and treatment. We describe three such cases seen in our hospital with Haemophilus influenzae as etiological agent. One patient died in consequence of a purulent meningitis recognized not in time and developing under antibiotic therapy not suitable for H. i. cellulitis. After review of the most important data from the literature suggestions were made for adequate diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in patients with H. i. cellulitis.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1988

Microbiology of adult cellulitis.

Needle aspiration of cellulitis sites is commonly advocated to assist in the identification of causative organisms. Twenty-five nondiabetic, adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of cellulitis had site aspirations and blood cultures obtained before antibiotic therapy was initiated. Site cultures were positive in 6 of 25 patients. Blood cultures were positive in 4 of 25 patients. All organisms except one (Enterobacter agglomerans) were staphylococci or streptococci. The gram-negative bacilli were not believed to be a pathogen based on the patient's prompt response to nafcillin. In adult patients who do not have complications, the use of needle aspiration was not supported. Empiric treatment of cellulitis aimed at gram-positive cocci appears to be sufficient.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The value of needle aspiration in the management of cellulitis.

Needle aspirations from 103 young, healthy patients (mean age 22 years) with cellulitis were prospectively analyzed to determine the percentage yield and causative organisms. A standard technique of needle aspiration was performed using a 22-gauge needle, a 10-cc syringe, and 1 cc of sterile water. Aspirations were performed at the leading edge and midpoint of the cellulitis (halfway between the leading edge and the center of the cellulitis). Fifteen of the 103 patients (14.5 percent) had positive aspirates. Nine of the 103 aspirates were positive at the leading edge (8.7 percent) and 6 of 70 were positive at the midpoint (8.6 percent), giving a total aspiration positivity of 8.7 percent (15/173). The organisms recovered were Staphylococcus aureus (53 percent). Staphylococcus epidermidis (27 percent), alpha-hemolytic streptococci (13 percent) and Streptococcus pyogenes (7 percent). The low-percentage yield and predictable organisms recovered speak against needle aspiration being a necessary procedure in a young, healthy population. Similarly, the site of aspiration does not increase yield. Empiric treatment with antibiotics aimed at staphylococcal and streptococcal organisms is appropriate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Orbital cellulitis and orbital fractures.

Orbital cellulitis as a complication of orbital fracture is discussed. Three cases of orbital cellulitis that followed trauma to the orbit are presented. A description of the proposed mechanism by which an orbital fracture predisposes to cellulitis follows. Suggestions are made for prophylactic management.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Needle aspiration for diagnosis of cellulitis.

Diagnosing the causative agent of bacterial cellulitis is difficult. Blood culturing and needle aspiration have been used: the former has an extremely low sensitivity, the yield of the latter ranges from 4 to 42 percent. A retrospective study was conducted to determine the diagnostic success of needle aspiration and culture of the leading edge of cellulitis with a 21 to 22 gauge syringe and conventional bacteriologic culture of blood in determining the agent that causes acute cellulitis. This agent was determined in 33 percent of patients by needle aspiration and in 4 percent using blood cultures.

Bacteria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Periorbital cellulitis.

Sixty-seven cases of orbital cellulitis from BGSM are reported and 247 cases from the literature reviewed. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant pathogen except in the age group from three months to three years where a significant number of cases yielded Hemophilus influenzae and Diplococcus pneumoniae. The frequent association of paranasal sinus involvement and orbital cellulitis has been confirmed. Orbital cellulitis is a multifaceted disease which, for proper management, requires close cooperation among pediatricians, ophthalmologists, and nursing service as a multidisciplinary approach for optimal therapy and decreased frequency of complications and sequelae.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The microbial evaluation of acute cellulitis.

Twenty consecutive patients with acute cellulitis were studied by retrospective chart review. Patients with suffusion and edema, with or without vesicles, were included. Patients with breaks in the skin, with focal suppurations or with concurrent antimicrobial therapy were excluded. In nineteen of the twenty patients, aspirates (95 percent) failed to grow organisms. Pasteurella multocida was grown from subcutaneous aspirate and blood cultures of a single patient; he was immunocompromised by Waldenström's macroglobulinemia and chlorambucil therapy. Two of the nineteen patients with negative aspirate cultures had positive blood cultures, one for type B Hemophilus influenzae and the other for a probably spurious Campylobacter fetus. All twenty patients, including the two immunocompromised patients, responded completely to appropriate empiric antimicrobial therapy. There were no complications of the needle aspirate technique observed. Needle aspiration is indicated early in the course of acute cellulitis in the immunocompromised, the young child with facial cellulitis, those with open wounds, and those who fail to respond to conventional antimicrobial therapy. For the otherwise well patient with intact host defenses, it is of extremely low sensitivity.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Recurrent cellulitis after coronary bypass surgery. Association with superficial fungal infection in saphenous venectomy limbs.

Certain patients who have undergone coronary artery bypass grafts suffer from episodes of acute cellulitis, often repeatedly, in the saphenous vein donor extremity. We describe nine patients with this entity, five of whom suffered recurrent attacks (range, two to greater than 20). The mean interval between surgery and the initial bout of cellulitis was 15 months (range, two to 46 months). A characteristic clinical syndrome was present in the majority of patients that included the abrupt onset of chills, followed by fever (generally greater than 38.8 degrees C), prostration, and obvious cellulitis. Seven patients also suffered from tinea pedis; in two instances, measures to control the dermatophytosis were instituted and attacks ceased. The pathogenesis of the entity may involve complex interactions between fungal and bacterial agents. Factors such as direct bacterial infection, hypersensitivity to streptococcal exotoxins, and id reactions to dermatophytes are probably involved in varying combinations.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Violaceous discoloration in pneumococcal cellulitis.

Two patients with periobital cellulitis, one of whom also had buccal cellulitis, had violaceous discoloration of the skin. Blood cultures from both patients yielded Streptococcus pneumoniae. Therefore, pneumococci should be considered, in addition to Haemophilus influenzae, as possible causes of cellulitis with violaceous or bluish-red discoloration.

Cellulitis↗
PubMed1978

Palpebral cellulitis.

Patients with palpebral cellulitis may turn in the first place to a skin clinic. The clinical picture and the course of disease are illustrated here by four case histories. The importance of differentiating between collateral orbital edema, palpebral cellulitis and orbital cellulitis is stressed.

Adolescent↗