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PubMedDate not supplied

[Cement-free cup and cemented shaft--concept of a hybrid solution and results of a 3-to-6-year clinical experience].

Report about the Marburg Hybrid THA using a cementless cup and a cemented stem. The acetabular component consists of an hemispheric inner polyethylene cup and an outer five-layer sintered titanium wire mesh fused together. The socket is primarily anchored by one peg as well as 2 self-stabilizing titanium nails. The forged titanium alloy stems are meeting all the requirements of the latest biomechanic research. A total of 292 Hybrid THA were implanted in 273 patients from 1. 8. 1986 to 1. 1. 1989. 6 patients (2.1%) had to undergo THA exchange surgery (1 early, 3 late infections, 1 acetabular fracture after fall, 1 loosened stem). The clinical data of 62 patients (21.2%) had to be disregarded for various reasons. Thus the data of 212 (72.6%) implanted THA in 194 patients were analyzed. 204 of the analyzed THA (96.2%) judged the result of the operation as good or very good. Radiolucency at the bone-titanium-interface of the cementless cups was present in 60 of 212 cases (28.3%), in revision operations twice as often as in primary implantations. There were no signs of progression. Radiolucency at the bone-cement-interface of the cemented stems was present in 27 of 212 cases (12.8%), with radiolucencies > 1 mm only occurring in area 7 of Gruen (1979). The overall results are thus very promising and support the concept of a hybrid solution for THA.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Transient and residual stresses and displacements in self-curing bone cement - Part I: characterization of relevant volumetric behavior of bone cement.

In this first part of a two-part report, some aspects of the volumetric behavior of bone cement during its curing process are examined as a prelude to an analysis for the transient and residual stresses and displacements in stem fixation systems. Experiments show that stress generation in the cement is associated with its temperature while curing and that during the cooling phase, the stresses are mainly due to thermal as opposed to bulk shrinkage. The appropriate coefficient of thermal expansion of bone cement has been evaluated from measurements in a simulated fixation system in conjuction with a thermoelastic analysis.

Acrylates↗
PubMed1996

Primary total hip replacement with insertion of an acetabular component without cement and a femoral component with cement. Follow-up study at an average of six years.

We performed a retrospective study of a consecutive series of patients who had had a primary total hip replacement with so-called hybrid fixation of the components (an acetabular component inserted without cement and a femoral component inserted with cement) between September 1985 and June 1989. Clinical data were available for 114 patients (125 hips), of whom 110 (121 hips) also had radiographic data. The minimum duration of follow-up was fifty-six months or until revision, and the average duration was seventy-two months. The average Harris hip score improved from 47 points preoperatively to 91 points postoperatively (for the 109 patients who did not have subsequent revision of the femoral component). Only three patients who did not have a revision had more than slight pain in the hip. Four hips (3 percent) were revised for aseptic loosening of the femoral component at an average of fifty-five months; two of these four had a fracture of the femoral component. One patient had resection arthroplasty for late infection. One patient had disassembly of an acetabular polyethylene liner, and another had dissociation of a modular femoral head; both patients had a reoperation. Radiographically, two femoral components were definitely loose, as determined by subsidence of the component in one patient and a fracture of the cement in the other. Ten hips (8 percent) had endosteal lysis of the femur. Over-all, 5 percent (six) of 121 femoral components were either revised for loosening or had definite radiographic evidence of loosening, but no acetabular component was loose. The clinical results in the 104 patients (115 hips) for whom clinical and radiographic data were available were excellent at the time of intermediate follow-up. Since few hips had progressive radiolucent lines about the acetabular of femoral component, we are optimistic that the long-term results will also be satisfactory.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1989

Adhesion mechanism of polyelectrolyte cements to tooth structure--polyelectrolyte behavior of the cement polymers obtained by potentiometric titration in the presence of calcium ion.

Potentiomeric titration of aqueous solutions of polyacrylic acid and commercial polyelectrolyte cement polymers with sodium hydroxide solution was carried out in the presence of different concentrations of Ca2+. Polyelectrolytes all behave as weak acids without the coexisting Ca2+. However, in the presence of Ca2+, in amounts over one-half of the equivalent amount to the carboxyl group in the polymer, they have a strong acid-like behavior. This means that the carboxyl groups in the polymer chain tend to react strongly with coexisting Ca2+ as they are partially neutralized by the alkaline solution. This is also strong evidence supporting polyelectrolyte cement as an adhesion mechanism to tooth structure during cementation.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of ultrasonic ZnPO-4 cement removal on band adhesion and cement solubility under orthodontic bands.

The use of ultrasonic energy to remove excess ZnPO-4 cement from orthodontic bands reduces the solubility of the cement but does not affect band adhesion unless excessive band contact is made. Excessive band contact weakens band-to-tooth adhesion. The solubility of the cement is increased by decreasing the pH and is increased when organic anions capable of binding metal ions are present.

Dental Bonding↗
PubMed2005

Cemented tibial component fixation performs better than cementless fixation: a randomized radiostereometric study comparing porous-coated, hydroxyapatite-coated and cemented tibial components over 5 years.

BACKGROUND: The question whether the tibial component of a total knee arthroplasty should be fixed to bone with or without bone cement has not yet been definitely answered. We studied movements between the tibial component and bone by radiostereometry (RSA) in total knee replacement (TKR) for 3 different types of fixation: cemented fixation (C-F), uncemented porous fixation (UC-F) and uncemented porous hydroxyapatite fixation (UCHA-F). PATIENTS: 116 patients with osteoarthrosis, who had 146 TKRs, were included in 2 randomized series. The first series included 86 unilateral TKRs stratified into 1 of the 3 types of fixation. The second series included 30 patients who had simultaneous bilateral TKR surgery, and who were stratified into 3 subgroups of pairwise comparisons of the 3 types of fixation. RESULTS: After 5 years 2 knees had been revised, neither of which were due to loosening. 1 UCHA-F knee in the unilateral series showed a large and continuous migration and a poor clinical result, and is a pending failure. The C-F knees rotated and migrated less than UC-F and UCHA-F knees over 5 years. UCHA-F migrated less than UC-F after 1 year. INTERPRETATION: Cementing of the tibial component offers more stable bone-implant contact for 5 years compared to uncemented fixation. When using uncemented components, however, there is evidence that augmenting a porous surface with hydroxyapatite may mean less motion between implant and bone after the initial postoperative year.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Adhesive restorations: comparative evaluation between the adhesion of the glass-ceramics to the composite cement and the adhesion of the ceromer to the composite cement.

AIM: The aim of this work is to compare the adhesion of the glass-ceramic (empress II) to the composite cement and the adhesion of the ceromer to the composite cement. METHODS: From each of the above materials, 10 little blocks, of 8 x 6 x 2 mm size, have been prepared. All the surface treatments suggested by the manufacturing industry have been performed: sandblasting and acid-etching of the ceramic, ceromer surface roughening with diamond bur and silanization and bonding application on both materials. A homogeneous layer of cement has been placed between couples of blocks of the same material and photopolymerised. Every sample, consisting of 2 bonded blocks, has been submitted to a traction force on a universal test machine connected with a computerized measure system (SINTEC D/10). Samples have been anchored to the machine binding devices by a bicomponent epoxy glue. Data on the breaking charge have been recorded and an analysis of the broken surfaces has been performed in order to classify the breaking modalities. RESULTS: The results ontained showed that the composite-glass-ceramic adhesion force (mean value 64 Mpa) was remarkably higher than the composite-ceromer adhesion (mean value 37.21 Mpa). CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of the broken surfaces by SEM showed that a mixed fracture occurred in all samples (both partly adhesive and cohesive).

Ceramics↗
PubMed1989

Modern cementing techniques. An experimental study of vacuum insertion of bone cement.

The results of these experiments show that an increase in the intramedullary pressure (IMP) can lead to embolization of bone marrow contents via the venous drainage system along the linea aspera. A vacuum applied distally to the medullary canal is very effective for filling the diaphyseal tube with cement. The cancellous bone honeycombs of the proximal metaphysis, however, can only be filled if the bone sponge is tunneled at the level of the femoral calcar; a proximal vacuum then yields filling of the cancellous bone framework with bone cement. In order to fill the weight-bearing spongious framework of the pelvic bone with cement, the acetabular cavity should be sealed with a rubber ring and vacuum applied proximo-laterally to the ilium, thereby giving an extremely high suction pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Total hip replacement. A comparison between cemented (Charnley) and non-cemented (HP Garches) fixation by clinical assessment and objective gait analysis.

In 119 patients with total hip replacement (THR) 61 were operated on with cemented (Charnley) and 58 with non-cemented (HP Garches) fixation. The assessment was performed by clinical examination and objective registration by gait analysis 6 and 12 months postoperatively. The group with cemented fixation (Charnley) demonstrated better results in all variables. The greatest difference between the groups was found at the 6 months' follow-up. The gait analysis was valuable in the assessment of locomotor function.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A cement impactor for uniform cement penetration in the upper tibia.

A cement impactor achieved adequate and uniform cement penetration consistently on the upper tibial surface. The penetration obtained, from 2.5 to 5.5 mm in all areas, is within the range of penetration found desirable by previous studies. Unlike most other methods, this technique is simple and achieves good penetration in peripheral areas, which have been shown to be the earliest and most frequent sites of radiolucency at the bone-cement interface.

Bone Cements↗
PubMed1993

[Study on dental cement. Part 4. Protective effect of a newly designed light-cured varnish on the vulnerability to water of glass polyalkenoate cement restorations].

The protective effect of a newly designed light-cured varnish on the vulnerability to water of two kinds of glass polyalkenoate cement restorations was examined by determining the penetration depth of Ag ion into the set cement on the SEM pictures in comparison with those of the conventional varnish and a light-cured resin bonding agent. The protective effect of the experimental light-cured varnish was perfect, while those of the conventional varnish and the light-cured resin bonding agent were inferior to that.

Dental Cavity Lining↗
PubMed1998

Studies on the setting of polyelectrolyte cements: part VI. The effect of halide salts on the mechanical properties and water balance of zinc polycarboxylate and glass-ionomer dental cements.

A study is reported in which a zinc polycarboxylate and a glass polyalkenoate dental cement, respectively, were prepared from aqueous solutions of NaCl, KCl, KBr and KI, all at 1 mol dm3 concentration, as well as from pure water. For the zinc polycarboxylate, setting as determined by oscillating rheometry was speeded up and water uptake was enhanced by the presence of the salts. Conversely, compressive strength at 24 h was unaffected. On the other hand, for the glass polyalkenoate, the setting reaction was slowed down, water uptake inhibited and compressive strength at 24 h reduced (from 94.3 MPa with pure water to 59.8 MPa with NaCl, 65.8 MPa for KCl, 67.0 MPa for KBr and 81.1 MPa for KI). Previous work with polyelectrolytes in aqueous solution suggests that the halides probably enhance the rate of the neutralization process. For the zinc polycarboxylate, this leads to a more rapid setting reaction. By contrast, for the glass polyalkenoate, it results in slower setting and weaker cements. This result is attributed to inhibition of the secondary setting reaction, involving the formation of the silicate/phosphate network, by enhanced neutralization, a process which is consequently concluded to occur earlier in the overall setting of these cements than had been assumed previously.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1975

Cement, asbestos, and cement-asbestos pneumoconioses.

The incidence and characteristics of cement-asbestos pneumoconiosis were compared with those of asbestosis and cement pneumoconiosis in three homogeneous samples of cases. The clinical, functional, and radiological features of cement-asbestos pneumoconiosis are similar to those of classical asbestosis, but the observed changes are less common and occur after a longer exposure.

Asbestosis↗
PubMed2005

Stabilization and solidification of waste phosphate sludge using portland cement and fly ash as cement substitute.

Stabilization and solidification of the waste phosphate sludge (WPS) using Portland cement (PC) and fly ash (FA) were studied in the present work. The WPS content in the cement mortars varied from 5% to 15%. Setting times were measured, and unconfined compressive strengths (UCS) were determined for the mortars cured in water for 3, 7, 28, 56, and 90 days. Zinc and nickel leaching of the solidified products were measured according to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure. Setting times were extended as the WPS content in the paste samples increased. The UCS values of the mortar containing 5% WPS solidified by using 95% PC were similar to the reference sample. Use of 10% FA as cement substitute increased the UCS values by 10% at the end of curing period of 56 days. The WPS contained initially 130.2 mg L(-1) of zinc and 22.7 mg L(-1) of nickel. The zinc and nickel leached from the 5% WPS solidified by using 95% PC were measured as 3.8 mg L(-1) and 0.4 mg L(-1), respectively. These metal concentrations were below the limits given by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for landfilling the solidified wastes.

Carbon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Using cement-containing powder glue (tile cement) to dispose of a cadaver].

A 40 year-old woman was killed by fist and chop blows and buried in a forest area far away from the scene of the homicide. Before covering the body with soil the perpetrator poured 25 kg of tile cement powder over it. When the victim was retrieved 6 weeks later, the cement had hardened covering the body like a plate and encasing it like a sheath. The surface of the tile cement facing towards the body was found to contain two kinds of traces: detailed cast-like reproduction of the textile structures of the victim's clothing and wallpaper-like epidermal adhesions. By means of sequencing the mitochondrial DNA the adherent horny scales could be related to the victim.

Adhesives↗
PubMed1990

Sealing efficacy of a zinc oxide-eugenol cement, a cyanoacrylate, and a cavity varnish used as root canal cements.

Forty single-rooted human central incisor teeth were biomechanically instrumented. Thirty teeth were divided into three groups of 10 and obturated with laterally condensed gutta-percha and one of three cementing mediums. These were zinc oxide-eugenol root canal cement, cyanoacrylate, and cavity varnish. The remaining 10 teeth were not obturated and served as a control. All of the teeth were suspended in a 1% methylene blue dye for 1 wk. Following sectioning the apical dye penetration was measured, and the leakage values were subjected to statistical analysis. The results showed that the teeth obturated with zinc oxide-eugenol and cyanoacrylate, in conjunction with gutta-percha, exhibited less leakage than the cavity varnish and control groups. This finding was statistically significant (p less than 0.0001). There was, however, no significant difference detected between the zinc oxide-eugenol and cyanoacrylate groups.

Cyanoacrylates↗
PubMed1999

Effect of mixing method and storage temperature of cement constituents on the fatigue and porosity of acrylic bone cement.

The influence of the storage temperature of the cement constituents prior to mixing (21 vs. 4 degrees C) and the mixing method (hand mixing vs. vacuum mixing) on the uniaxial tension-compression fatigue performance and porosity of Palacos R acrylic bone cement was studied. The fatigue results were analyzed using the three-parameter Weibull equation. The fatigue performance was expressed as an index I, which was defined as the product of the Weibull characteristic fatigue life and the square root of the Weibull slope. Statistical analyses of these results show that although the mixing method (for a given storage temperature) exerts a significant influence on the fatigue performance and areal porosity, the effect of storage temperature (for a given mixing method) on either of these parameters is not significant.

Biocompatible Materials↗