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Results for “Body Piercing”

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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Oral health issues for adolescent athletes.

Adolescent athletes are faced with a myriad of influences that can affect their oral health. During these formative years, the choices adolescents make regarding health could have repercussions throughout their lives. Health professionals can play an important role in educating their patients to make wise decisions. By becoming more aware of the health risks to which athletes are exposed,health professionals can learn to recognize these unhealthy behaviors and recommend appropriate prevention and cessation strategies to their patients who participate in sports.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

HIV in prison: what are the risks and what can be done?

Prisons are recognised worldwide as important sites for transmission of blood-borne viruses (BBVs). There are two reasons why transmission risks in prison are higher than in the community. First, in most western countries, many prison entrants have histories of injecting drug use, and thus already have high prevalences of BBVs. Second, the lack or under-supply of preventive measures (such as clean needle and syringes or condoms) in most prisons, combined with extreme social conditions, creates extra opportunities for BBV transmission. HIV prevalence in prisoners in more developed countries ranges from 0.2% in Australia to over 10% in some European nations. There are case reports of HIV being transmitted by sharing injecting equipment and sexual activity. Tattooing has been reported as a risk factor for the transmission of BBVs in prison. Access to condoms and needle and syringe programmes in prisons is extremely limited, despite success when they have been introduced. The vast majority of prison inmates are incarcerated for only a few months before returning to the community--thus they are, over the long term, more appropriately regarded as 'citizens' than 'prisoners'. Public health policy must involve all sections of the community, including prison inmates, if we are to reduce transmission of HIV and other BBVs.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

HIV testing and counseling among adolescents attending family planning clinics.

This study examined whether an assessment tool combining HIV-related risk behaviors and symptoms would increase HIV testing and return for post-test counseling among 466 adolescents attending family planning clinics. The results indicted that high-risk behaviors were common among these adolescents. The majority (78.3%) identified themselves as not using condoms consistently, almost a quarter (24.7%) reported a history of STDs and 129 (27.7%) reported they had pierced their bodies. A total of 214 (45.9%) received HIV testing. Two (0.4%) adolescents, one male and one female, tested positive for HIV. Of the 214 adolescents who underwent testing, 183 (85.5%) returned to the clinic for post-test counseling. The results of this study indicated that adolescents who reported risk behaviors and symptoms were not more likely than those who reported no risk behaviors and symptoms to request testing and return for post-test counseling. In light of these results, the authors review the protocols associated with testing and post-test counseling and propose solutions that can potentially improve these processes. The authors recommend integrating a risk assessment tool with HIV testing in family planning clinics as testing and return for post-test counseling rates were high.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus and associated risk behaviours: a population-based study in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

BACKGROUND: Limited information about the epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is available in Puerto Rico, one of the areas hardest hit by the human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) epidemic. We estimated the prevalence of HCV infection and identified correlates of seropositivity in the municipality of San Juan, Puerto Rico. METHODS: A probability cluster design was employed to select a sample of households representative of the population aged 21-64 years in San Juan during 2001-2002. All 964 subjects completed a face-to-face interview to gather data on demographics and self-reported risk behaviours followed by venipuncture for HCV antibody testing. Variables that were at least marginally associated with HCV seroprevalence (P < 0.10) in the bivariate analyses were considered for inclusion into the multiple logistic regression model to estimate the adjusted prevalence odds ratio (POR). RESULTS: Overall weighted prevalence of HCV infection was 6.3% (95% CI 3.6-10.9%). A significant (P < 0.05) higher prevalence was observed among subjects with the following characteristics: age 30-49 (9.5%), male sex (10.6%), < or =12 years of education (9.6%), no health coverage (12.6%), lifetime heroin use (39.2%), lifetime cocaine use (39.6%), tattooing practices (34.2%), history of imprisonment (32.8%), and self-reported histories of hepatitis B virus infection (30.4%) and HIV/AIDS (92.1%). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that tattooing practices (POR = 8.9; 95% CI 1.7-44.7), lifetime cocaine use (POR = 5.5; 95% CI 2.2-13.5), blood transfusions prior to 1992 (POR = 4.0; 95% CI 1.6-10.1), lifetime heroin use (POR = 3.3; 95% CI 1.4-7.8), and history of imprisonment (POR = 2.3; 95% CI 1.1-4.9) remained significantly associated with HCV seropositivity. CONCLUSIONS: The large prevalence of HCV infection observed in Puerto Rican adults residing in San Juan suggest that HCV infection is an emerging public health concern and merits further investigation.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Body art and MRI.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Body Piercing↗
PubMed2005

Cutaneous sarcoidosis in Asians: a report of 25 patients from Singapore.

Sarcoidosis is a systemic noncaseating granulomatous disorder of unknown origin involving multiple organ systems. There has been no report so far to describe the epidemiological pattern of cutaneous involvement in sarcoidosis in South-East Asia with diverse ethnic groups. A retrospective study examining the clinicopathological features of all patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis at a tertiary dermatology centre in Singapore from 1980 to 2003 was conducted. Cutaneous sarcoidosis was diagnosed in 25 patients: 13 were Indian, 11 were Chinese and one was Eurasian. Cutaneous manifestations included papules, nodules, plaques and scarring alopecia. Extracutaneous involvement of lymph nodes (four patients), lungs (eight patients) and eyes (two patients) was seen. Eight patients had abnormal chest radiographic findings. Histopathological examination of skin lesions revealed noncaseating, epithelioid granulomatous infiltration in the dermis without evidence of mycobacterial infection, deep fungal infection or polarizable birefringent material. Treatment modalities included corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine, isotretinoin, methotrexate and surgical excision. Five patients had complete resolution of the cutaneous lesions. Cutaneous sarcoidosis is rare in Asia and indeed in Singapore. Extracutaneous involvement is not uncommon and a thorough clinical evaluation should be undertaken.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Pulsatile flow during cardiopulmonary bypass speeds thermal energy transfer: a possible explanation for the reduced afterdrop.

The instantaneous thermal energy balance and rates of thermal energy transfer during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass were measured for a group of patients receiving continuous flow and compared with a group receiving pulsatile flow. Cooling was more rapid and the rate of thermal energy delivery during rewarming significantly greater in the pulsatile flow group despite similar rewarming times. The final thermal energy balance at the end of cardiopulmonary bypass was larger and the period of postoperative hypothermia shorter in those receiving pulsatile flow. The greater rate of thermal energy transfer may explain the reduced afterdrop.

Body Temperature Regulation↗
PubMed2006

Managing adolescents.

The goal of this issue is to encourage the pediatrician to view these sensitive health issues from many different angles so that the effects on the adolescent's life can be better appreciated. The initial step involves effectively engaging the patient to unmask the concerns and then providing the optimal available treatment.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed2006

Teens & body art.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗