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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Inhibition of skeletal muscle protein synthesis in septic intra-abdominal abscess.

Chronic sepsis is always associated with profound wasting leading to increased release of amino acids from skeletal muscle. Net protein catabolism may be due to decreased rate of synthesis, increased rate of degradation, or both. To determine whether protein synthesis is altered in chronic sepsis, the rate of protein synthesis in vivo was estimated by measuring the incorporation of [3H]-phenylalanine in skeletal muscle protein in a chronic (5-day) septic rat model induced by creation of a stable intra-abdominal abscess using an E. coli + B. fragilis-infected sterile fecal-agar pellet as foreign body nidus. Septic rats failed to gain weight at rates similar to control animals, therefore control animals were weight matched to the septic animals. The skeletal muscle protein content in septic animals was significantly reduced relative to control animals (0.18 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.21 +/- 0.01 mg protein/gm wet wt; p less than 0.02). The rate of incorporation of [3H]-phenylalanine into skeletal muscle protein from control animals was 39 +/- 4 nmole/gm wet wt/hr or a fractional synthetic rate of 5.2 +/- 0.5%/day. In contrast to control animals, the fractional synthetic rate in septic animals (2.6 +/- 0.2%/day) was reduced by 50% compared to control animals (p less than 0.005). The decreased rate of protein synthesis in sepsis was not due to an energy deficit, as high-energy phosphates and ATP/ADP ratio were not altered. This decrease in protein synthesis occurred even though septic animals consumed as much food as control animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abdomen↗
PubMed1998

[The treatment of intra-abdominal abscess].

The experience of treatment of 18 patients with intraabdominal abscess using the regional laparostomy conduction and introducing nitazol, immobilized on polymethylsiloxane, in the abscess cavity, was summarized.

Abdominal Abscess↗
PubMed1995

Abdominal abscess from gallstones spilled at laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Case report and review of the literature.

One case is reported and 14 others are culled from the literature. Each patient experienced an intraperitoneal abscess with a gallstone nidus following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Each required open surgical drainage weeks or months after the initial laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The natural biology of spilled intraperitoneal gallstones is not known. Two short-term animal studies suggest initial partial lysis and fibrotic encapsulation. At least 15% of completed laparoscopic cholecystectomies leave intraperitoneal gallstones. Almost all prove to be clinically innocuous but the rare instances of later intraabdominal abscess formation deserve recognition and reporting.

Abdominal Abscess↗
PubMed1998

Ultrasound guided percutaneous drainage of abdominal abscesses in the hands of the clinician: a multicenter Italian study.

OBJECTIVE: Image guided percutaneous drainage is a well established therapeutic technique. The results of these procedures, when performed directly by the clinician and under sonographic guidance,in respect to other imaging techniques are not yet clarified. METHODS: The 886 cases of ultrasound guided drainage were collected from eight italian clinical institutions and the results were analyzed according to location of the abscess, drainage technique, underlying diseases, microbiological findings, immunological patient status and previous surgical intervention. RESULTS: We observed an overall cure rate of 90.4%. The best results were obtained in hepatic abscesses, both amoebic and pyogenic (cure rate 98.7 and 94.3%). Slightly lower cure rates were obtained in abdominal and splenic abscesses, postoperative collections and severely immunocompromised patients. The frequency of complications was low (6.6%) and mostly related to catheter drainage. No drainage-related deaths occurred. CONCLUSIONS: The study confirms the high clinical efficiency and safety of ultrasound guided percutaneous drainage, even when performed directly by the clinician. The sonographic guidance showed similar efficacy, more manageability and lower costs than other imaging techniques and it should be preferred whenever possible. For hepatic abscesses, ultrasound guided needle aspiration showed good results and less complications than catheter drainage.

Abdominal Abscess↗
PubMed1987

Neutrophil localization in acute and chronic experimental abscesses.

Abdominal abscesses are associated with a high mortality, and usually require surgical drainage for cure. A potential mechanism explaining the inability of the host to clear this infection may be in part a result of the inability of the neutrophil to localize at the site of an established infection. To study this question, either acute (4 hours old) or chronic (2 weeks old) abscesses caused by Staphylococcus aureus were created in perforated capsules implanted in the peritoneal cavity of rabbits. Homologous neutrophils were obtained from donor rabbits 4 hours after peritoneal glycogen stimulation and labeled with indium 111 oxine. Only 0.71% of injected 111In-labeled neutrophils localized in the chronic abscesses, compared with 1.77% in acute abscesses (P less than or equal to 0.01). Animals with chronic infections had a lower intravascular recovery of injected neutrophils (P less than 0.002). Failure of neutrophil localization was not associated with less chemotactic activity within the abscess, as measured by a chemotaxis-under-agarose assay, or caused by a barrier surrounding the abscess as detected by radionuclide imaging. Only 0.07% of injected neutrophils localized into acute abdominal abscesses in animals with a concomitant chronic subcutaneous abscess. These chronically infected animals also demonstrated a low peak intravascular recovery of injected neutrophils when compared with animals with only an acute infection (P less than 0.002). These data reveal that neutrophils localize to abscesses poorly in animals with chronic infections. The mechanism is possibly related to a systemic factor(s) associated with a lower intravascular recovery of injected neutrophils in chronically infected animals.

Abscess↗