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At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Screw fixation of fractures of the odontoid process].

In the year 1981, J. Böhler completed for the first time a screw fixation for unstable fractures of the odontoid process of the axis. This surgical technique preserves the anatomy and the physiology of the articulation between the atlas and the axis, as a guarantee for a good functional recovery. It is not a very difficult technique when performed by a trained surgeon with a very good X-ray image intensification for the per-operative control. We have treated 32 unstable fractures of the odontoid process without any neurological complication per- or post-operatively. We had a follow-up on only 29 cases. In 19 cases the fracture healed in leading to a good bone union, complete mobility and no residual pain. Seven patients complained of residual pain or a limitation in cervical movement, because of the association with other cervical fractures, an age superior of 70 years, or a major initial instability. In 2 cases the authors noted a non-union and a secondary displacement because of technical faults at the beginning of their experience. These good results determined the authors to prefer the direct screw fixation for the unstable fractures of the odontoid process, to the posterior arthrodesis which leads to functional limitations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Familial congenital occipitoatlantoaxial malformation (OAAM) in the Arabian horse.

Familial occipitalization of the atlas with atlantalization of the axis was defined as a single congenital disease in Arabian horses following a clinical, radiologic, and morphologic study of 16 horses with congenital malformations of the occiput, atlas, and axis, and from a study of three reported cases. The constant morphologic features were interpreted as congenital atlantooccipital fusion, hypoplasia of the atlas and dens, malformation of the axis, and modification of the atlantoaxial joint. Atlantoaxial subluxation was also a frequent finding. The clinical syndromes shown by these horses were variable but were broadly classified into four groups. Neurologic signs varied from symmetric ataxia, with hypometria and tetraparesis to tetraplegia. These often progressive clinical signs were due to a progressive and focal compressive myelopathy of the proximal cervical spinal cord. Pedigree analysis demonstrated the familial nature of this occipitoatlantoaxial malformation seen in horses of only the Arabian breed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Atlantoaxial rotatory fixation. Radiographic study of its mechanism.

The mechanism of atlantoaxial rotatory fixation was investigated by means of CT scanning. During the acute stage, there was a common rotatory displacement of the occiput and atlas complex in relation to the axis. As symptom subsided spontaneously or with treatment, the displacement was reduced and the occiput and atlas complex was in normal alignment with the axis. In a few cases where survey x-ray presented persistence of a typical displacement between C1/2, there was a persistent rotatory displacement of the atlas within the occiput-atlas-axis (C0-C1-C2) complex. Here, the occiput faced in nearly the same direction as the axis and the rest of the cervical spine. This meant an interlocking of the rotated atlas between C0 and C2. Either one of the lateral mass articulation of the rotated atlas was anteriorly dislocated and interlocked. Compensatory derotation of the occiput and a hypermobility of the C0/1 articulation, limited to younger children, presumably produced such a rotatory displacement of the atlas within the C0-C1-C2 complex. Restriction of rotation and a residual postural deformity resulted from unilateral dislocation of the lateral mass articulation between C1/2 and residual rotatory displacement between C0/2, respectively. Difficulty in reducing such a postural deformity can be attributed to the fact that any manipulative force often fails to unlock the atlas within C0-C1-C2 complex because of an excessive mobility between the C0/C1, and a ligamentocapsular contracture can be established in the lateral mass articulation of the interlocked atlas in an ignored case.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Treatment of nontraumatic atlantoaxial dislocation and fibrous fusion. Case report.

The authors describe a case of nontraumatic atlantoaxial dislocation secondary to acute rheumatic fever, in which there appeared to be fibrous fusion between the axis and the atlas in the subluxed position. The dislocation was reduced by means of combined traction and steroid therapy. Fibrous fusion occurred in the realigned position after immobilization.

Axis, Cervical Vertebra↗