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PubMed1982

[Acanthosis nigricans maligna--a gastrointestinal neoplasie. A review (author's transl)].

Acanthosis nigricans maligna (a. n. m.) is a well known paraneoplastic syndrome of the skin in 90 p. c. associated with tumours of the gastrointestinal tract (mostly gastric carcinomas) in contrast to pseudoacanthosis. Metastases are detected at the time of first diagnosis usually. Therefore, the a. n. m. may be the first sign of the tumour but does not represent an early symptom. The a. n. m. typically disappears with eradication of the responsible tumour and may reappear on its recurrence or metastasizing. In all cases an intensive search for gastrointestinal cancers is absolutely necessary. The etiopathology of the a. n. m. is still under advisement and the current state of knowledge is discussed in detail.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗
PubMed1981

[Lupus, insulin-resistant diabetes and acanthosis nigricans (author's transl)].

The authors report the case of a 22-year-old Guatemalan in whom lupus was diagnosed 8 months after a second pregnancy. The diagnosis of lupus met the criteria of the ARA: Raynaud's syndrome, alopecia, arthralgia, thrombophlebitis, facial erythema, antinuclear factor at 1/100, Farr at 75 p. 100 and immunofluorescent demonstration of IgM binding in healthy skin. Two months after the beginning of the lupus, there was onset of insulin-resistant ketosic diabetes without overweight. The serum insulin was 1.140 mu U/ml. Acanthosis nigricans was noted and confirmed by a biopsy. Insulin-resistance can be attributed to anti-membrane receptor antibodies titrating at 1/200 (R. Khan). The short-term progress of the disease was favorable on corticosteroid treatment. Insulin could be stopped, but high insulin serum levels persisted. This case meets criteria for type B as defined by Flier, Khan and Roth, and is the first European case of lupus with a complete presentation. Short-term progress was favorable, and there is no evidence to affirm that there will be a tardive progression towards hypoglycemia which is, however, possible due to the persistence of elevated serum insulin levels.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗
PubMed1993

Keratin pattern of acanthosis nigricans in syndromelike association with polythelia, polycystic kidneys, and syndactyly.

BACKGROUND: Acanthosis nigricans (AN) comprises a broad spectrum of etiologic subtypes. The underlying pathomechanisms have not yet been completely clarified. We present a patient affected with a syndromelike AN subtype including disturbed epidermopoiesis as evidenced by immunohistologic findings and in situ hybridization. OBSERVATIONS: A 54-year-old white man contracted AN during childhood. There were connate malformations consisting of webbed toes II/III on the right side and a supernumerary left mammilla. As an adult he developed psoriasis vulgaris, obesity, and latent diabetes mellitus, polycystic kidney and liver disease. With regard to keratin 6 mRNA, and the protein expression of keratin 6/16, KI-67, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen, the AN lesion showed moderate hyperproliferation. A much higher degree of hyperproliferation was evident in psoriatic areas of the patient's skin. In contrast to psoriatic tissue, basal keratinocytes of the AN showed an unusually high expression of keratin 18 and 19 protein. CONCLUSIONS: The observation thus deals with a unique, syndromelike constellation of AN characterized by a particular epidermal pattern of moderate hyperproliferation. A further dysregulation of protein expression in the epidermis is indicated by the demonstration of the rare keratins 18 and 19 in basal keratinocytes of the AN lesion.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1995

Pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a patient with partial lipodystrophy and acanthosis nigricans.

In patients with lipodystrophies a post binding defect in insulin action has been described involving phosphorylation of the beta subunit of the insulin receptor, suggesting the presence of a genetically determined defect in insulin action; the receptor gene has been mapped to the distal short arm of chromosome 19 close to the break-point of a specific chromosome translocation frequently found in pre-B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). We report on a 13 years old female patient with partial lipodystrophy, acanthosis nigricans and insulin resistance who developed a pre-B ALL. Since lipodystrophy and pre-B ALL are rare disorders, a possible causal relationship between the two diseases is suggested possibly mediated by a mutation in the insulin receptor gene.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗
PubMed1997

In vivo microradioautographic study of insulin binding in the skin of normal and NIDDM mice: with special reference to acanthosis nigricans.

Insulin bindings in the tissues and cells in the skin of non-diabetic (control) and genetically diabetic db/db (NIDDM) mice were investigated by in vivo microradioautography at 3 and 15 min. after intravenous injection of 125I-insulin. Specific insulin bindings were observed in the interfollicular epidermis, infundibulum, dermis, outer root sheath, sebaceous glands and blood vessels, but not in the hair shaft of the control mice. Although the specific bindings were seen in the interfollicular epidermis, infundibulum, outer root sheath and blood vessels in the NIDDM mice, the bindings were much less than those of the control mice at both 3 and 15 min. after 125I-insulin injection with an exception of the blood vessels at 3 min. The possible relationships between NIDDM and acanthosis nigricans from the viewpoint of insulin binding are considered.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗
PubMed1998

Pemphigus vulgaris associated with transient acanthosis nigricans like lesion.

A patient with pemphigus vulgaris was treated with predonisolone and cyclosporin. At the sites of healing erosions, hyperkeratotic, hyperpigmented plaques developed; they were clinically and histologically similar to acanthosis nigricans. These lesions regressed after a few months. This case and others described in the literature suggest that such dermatoses might be caused by immunologically as well as mechanically mediated epidermal injury.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗
PubMed1987

Acanthosis palmaris in a patient with bullous pemphigoid.

Acanthosis palmaris, a recently described dermatologic entity, is often associated with internal malignancy. We report the development, disappearance, and reappearance of this condition in a patient with bullous pemphigoid. Relevant screening tests did not reveal any internal malignant neoplasm. The significance of the appearance and disappearance of the condition is discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Glycogenic acanthosis of the esophagus.

A nodular appearance of the esophageal mucosa was observed in 28.3% of 300 consecutive double-contrast esophagrams. This most commonly appeared as numerous uniformly sized, usually less than 3 mm, subtle, round elevations involving the entire esophageal surface. When carefully performed, endoscopy will almost always confirm these findings. Endoscopic biopsies performed in 10 patients demonstrated the nodules to represent glycogenic acanthosis--a combination of cellular hyperplasia and increased cellular glycogen. The radiographic appearance of these nodules, while usually characteristic, may vary and they may simulate pathologic processes, particularly moniliasis. Distinction can usually be made by clinical and radiologic criteria. Although the etiology is unknown, this seems to be of no clinical significance.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Verrucous acanthosis (verrucous carcinoma) of the larynx (author's transl)].

Verrucous carcinomas are lesions occurring mainly in the buccal mucosa but sometimes they arise also in the larynx. The disease is characterized by a cornifying verrucous proliferation of the squamous epithelium, without atypias or metastases. The clinical and histological pictures of six observations are described and the differential diagnosis from hyperkeratotic papillomas and benign keratosis of the larynx are discussed. In one of these cases, 13 years after the beginning of the disease a focal cancerisation could be observed. The authors consider this disease not as a carcinoma and are not sure whether it is a true tumor at all. They propose therefore the name "verrucous acanthosis" instead of verrucous carcinoma and classify these lesions as facultative precanceroses.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Glycogenic acanthosis of the esophagus. A benign but confusing endoscopic lesion.

During 160 consecutive fiberoptic endoscopic examinations, glycogenic acanthosis was diagnosed in 24 patients. The endoscopic diagnosis was confirmed histologically in the first 14 patients from whom biopsies were obtained. No correlation with any other disease affecting the gastrointestinal tract was found including reflux esophagitis. This common benign condition must be differentiated from lesions of similar appearance and more important prognostic significance.

Biopsy↗