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PubMed2003

Isolated scalp involvement with pityriasis versicolor alba (pityrias versicolor albus capitis) in a patient from a dry, temperate region.

Pityriasis versicolor (tinea versicolor) is a common superficial fungal infection of the skin involving the hyphal (filamentous) form of Pityrosporum orbiculare. Clinical cutaneous infection is common in humid, tropical climates, but declines to less than 5 percent in temperate climates. Isolated face or scalp involvement is rare. We present a boy living in a temperate region who had sudden onset of scalp and hairline involvement with tinea versicolor.

Child↗
PubMed2004

Peculiarities of the DNA of MM1, a temperate phage of Streptococcus pneumoniae.

The abundant presence of temperate phages in the chromosomes of clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae has been well documented. The genome of MM1, a temperate phage of pneumococcus, has been isolated as a DNA-protein complex. The protein is covalently bound to the DNA, was iodinated in vitro with Na125I, and has an Mr of 22,000. Electron microscopy and enzymatic analyses revealed that the MM1 genome is a linear, circularly permuted, terminally redundant collection of double-stranded DNA molecules packaged via a headful mechanism. The location of the pac site appears to be downstream of the terminase, between orf32 and orf34 of the MM1 genome.

DNA Packaging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of two procedures to determine acid and neutral detergent fibers in ruminant feeds of the temperate region of Argentina.

The objective of this work was to compare the traditional Van Soest's procedure to analyze neutral detergent fibers (NDF) and acid detergent fibers (ADF) using filtering crucibles (VS) with a semiautomatic method which uses filter bags in an ANKOM Technology Corp. instrument (ANK). Nine ruminant feeds widely used in the temperate region of Argentina were analyzed: soybean meal expeller, alfalfa, pasture silage, ryegrass, corn silage, weeping lovegrass, tall wheatgrass, guinea grass, and barley grass. Four runs were done for each technique and feed. The comparison of ADF and NDF means by the means test for paired samples showed no significant differences between techniques (alpha = 0.01). The variability among runs was greater with the VS method than the ANK, both for NDF, standard deviation (SD) = 0.71 vs 0.39, and for ADF, SD = 0.83 vs 0.56, but the differences were not significant. The linear regressions were VS = 1.43 + 0.95 ANK; R2 = 0.99, and VS = 0.53 + 0.98 ANK; R2 = 0.99 for NDF and ADF, respectively, which indicated a strong linear relationship among the results of both procedures. It was concluded that the ANK procedure gave results comparable to those of the VS method when ruminant feeds from the temperate region of Argentina were analyzed.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1991

Temper tantrums.

Temper tantrums are a normal response to anger and occur commonly in the child between one and four years of age. They arise from the child's thwarted efforts to exercise mastery and autonomy. Tantrums occur more frequently in the active, determined child who has abundant energy. Parenting practices that may encourage tantrums include inconsistency, unreasonable expectations, excessive strictness, overprotectiveness and overindulgence. Boredom, fatigue, hunger or illness may reduce the child's tolerance for frustration. Management consists of teaching the parents to understand the underlying meaning of tantrums and to modify parental behaviors that may perpetuate or accentuate the problem. Temper tantrums are best handled by ignoring the outburst, offering nurturance to the child after the tantrum has subsided and helping the child learn to express negative feelings in more acceptable ways.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

[Mapping of the c-region of the temperate phage 59 of Erwinia carotovora 268].

The present communication deals with the genetic mapping of the temperate bacteriophage 59 immunity region. Morphological mutants of the c-type of the temperate bacteriophage 59 were isolated after UV-treatment of the phage. Complementation analysis of 36 c-mutants has shown that the bacteriophage 59 c-region consists of at least four genes responsible for the establishment of lysogenization. The two-factor crosses were used to determine the mutual positions (order and distances) of the c-mutations. The order of the c-genes is C1--C3--C2--C4. The three c-genes are localized in a short region of the phage 59 chromosome, but the fourth gene is located in the separate locus.

Bacteriophages↗
PubMed1986

Heterogeneity and structure of brain tubulins from cold-adapted Antarctic fishes. Comparison to brain tubulins from a temperate fish and a mammal.

Tubulins purified from brain tissue of Antarctic fishes assemble in vitro to form microtubules at the low temperatures experienced by these extreme psychrophiles (Williams, R. C., Jr., Correia, J. J., and DeVries, A. L. (1985) Biochemistry 24, 2790-2798). We have initiated studies to determine the structural requirements for assembly of Antarctic fish tubulins at low temperatures. As a first step we have compared the heterogeneity, structures, amino acid compositions, and net charge of brain tubulins purified from three Antarctic fishes (Notothenia gibberifrons, Notothenia coriiceps neglecta, and Chaenocephalus aceratus), from the temperate channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), and from a mammal (the cow). Each preparation contained the alpha- and beta-tubulins and was free of microtubule-associated proteins. When examined by isoelectric focusing and by two-dimensional electrophoresis, brain tubulins from the Antarctic fishes were found to be highly heterogeneous; each was resolved into approximately 20 isoelectric variants. The distributions of the isotubulins from the cold-adapted fishes were similar but differed significantly from those of tubulins from catfish and cow. The average isoelectric points of the alpha- and beta-tubulins from the Antarctic fishes were more basic than the isoelectric points of the corresponding tubulins from bovine brain. Peptide mapping confirmed that tubulins from the Antarctic fishes and the mammal differed in structure. The amino acid compositions of fish and mammalian tubulins were similar, but Antarctic fish tubulins apparently contained fewer Glx residues than did catfish or bovine tubulins. Finally, native tubulins from an Antarctic fish and the cow differed slightly in net negative charge. Thus, brain tubulins from the cold-adapted fishes differ structurally from the tubulins of a temperate fish and of a mammal.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1986

Onchocerca gutturosa and Onchocerca lienalis in cattle: effect of age, sex, and origin on prevalence of onchocerciasis in subtropical and temperate regions of Florida and Georgia.

Evaluation of 845 cattle from Florida and Georgia for onchocerciasis indicated a significantly higher prevalence of infection with Onchocerca gutturosa and a significantly lower prevalence of infection with Onchocerca lienalis in the southern portion of Florida (subtropical region) than in the northern portion of Florida or in Georgia (temperature region). In all regions, prevalence of infection with O gutturosa was significantly higher than infection with O lienalis. In the temperate region, bulls were infected more often with O lienalis than were cows. Other sex-related differences in infection with either filariid was not found. Prevalence of infection with O lienalis was similar between age groups in all regions. Rates of infection with O gutturosa differed between age groups within and between subtropical and temperate regions. Examination of cervical and umbilical skin specimens for microfilariae detected an additional 6.6% of infected animals that had not been found by examination for adult worms. However, microfilariae were not found in 21.4% of animals that were positive for adult worms.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Physicochemical properties of temperate phage DNA and its possible effect on the variability of Mycobacterium lacticolum].

The temperate phage 104 S was isolated from the S variant of Mycobacterium lacticolum, strain 104, and some of its characteristics were studied. The content of GC pairs in the phage DNA was 77 mole% as was calculated from the melting profile or 65 mole% as was calculated from the value of buoyant density in CsCl. The DNA was shown to be composed of 18,000 nucleotide pairs. DNA restriction fragments of M. lacticolum R, S and M variants were subjected for the first time to molecular hybridization with [32P]DNA of the temperate phage. The genome of the three M. lacticolum variants and the genome of a non-dissociating S variant clone were shown to contain sequences homologous to the DNA sequence of phage 104 S. Differences are found among the variants in the hybridizing DNA fragments. These data indicate that the phage DNA may actively be involved in the variability of the culture. Its participation can be realized by the different mode of prophage incorporation into the genome of the variants.

Base Composition↗
PubMed1981

Antibiotic-responsive malabsorption: a tropical sprue-like syndrome in countries with temperate climates.

Antibiotic-responsive malabsorption is prevalent in the tropics, but has been seen only sporadically in countries with temperate climates. We describe a 19-year-old Israeli patient who has never left the country and was hospitalized with shigellosis and malabsorption of fat and D-xylose. A short course of ampicillin reversed the malabsorption. The syndrome of antibiotic-responsive malabsorption in countries with temperate climates may well be underdiagnosed and should be looked for more actively.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The effect of light and temperature on the growth of two subtropical and two temperate grass species.

The effect of light intensity and temperature on the growth of young plants of two temperate (Lolium perenne, Festuca arundinacea) and two subtropical (Lolium rigidum, Bromus unioloides) grass species was studied in the northern part of the GDR under open-air conditions. It was found that the subtropical species reacted highly sensitive to changes in the two environmental factors and showed absolutely higher growth performance during the summer as compared with the temperate species. The multiple regression analysis showed positive correlations between the relative growth rate (RGR) and the net assimilation rate (NAR) on the one hand and temperature and light intensity on the other hand. For most regression functions the range of variation was found to be between 63.5 and 91.3 per cent. No clear proof could be found of the dependence of the leaf area ratio (LAR) on light and temperature. The results are discussed and compared with similar investigations.

Environmental Exposure↗
PubMed2026

Annotated genome assemblies of two temperate North American dung beetles, Canthon chalcites and Phanaeus vindex.

Dung beetles serve as cultivators of their natural habitats, improving soil health and functions in both natural and anthropogenic environments. Despite their ecological importance, whole genome sequences for Scarabaeinae are limited. Here, we present the draft annotated genome assemblies for 2 temperate species of North American dung beetles collected from eastern Tennessee: Canthon chalcites and Phanaeus vindex. Both genome assemblies were generated from PacBio long reads and have high completeness, with BUSCO scores of 98.1% and 98.6% for C. chalcites and P. vindex, respectively. For C. chalcites, the BRAKER3 pipeline predicted 12,799 genes, and the gene set was 93.7% complete. For P. vindex, the BRAKER3 predicted 12,252 genes, and the gene set was 94.9% complete. From the annotated gene sets, orthologous protein sequence analyses among C. chalcites, P. vindex, the dung beetle species Onthophagus taurus, and the more evolutionarily distant beetle Tribolium castaneum indicated that there are 260 unique protein clusters for C. chalcites and 210 unique protein clusters for P. vindex. These 2 draft genomes provide valuable data for comparative genomics, evolution, and phylogenic studies for dung beetle species.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Multivariate genetic analysis of the causes of temperance board registrations. In all Swedish male-male [correction of male-female] twin pairs born 1926-1949.

BACKGROUND: The Temperance Boards in Sweden registered individuals for three reasons: public drunkenness, driving under the influence of alcohol and committing a crime in connection with alcohol. We wanted to ascertain whether these three forms of alcohol-related problems result from similar or different genetic and environmental risk factors. METHOD: We conducted a trivariate twin analysis of these three causes of registration in all male-male [corrected] twin pairs of known zygosity born in Sweden, 1926-1949 (n = 5177 twin pairs). RESULTS: Prevalences of registration for public drunkenness, drink-driving and alcohol-related crime were, respectively, 9.0, 3.6 and 4.0%. The best-fitting model had one general genetic and one general familial-environmental factor with specific genetic risk factors for drink-driving and specific familial-environmental risk factors for alcohol-related crime. CONCLUSIONS: The three causes for alcohol registration in Sweden largely reflect the same genetic and environmental risk factors. Estimated heritabilities were similar for the three forms of registration. However, specific genetic risk factors exist for drink-driving and specific familial-environmental risk factors for alcohol-related crime. Genetic factors are somewhat less important and familial-environmental factors more important for public drunkenness than for drink-driving and alcohol related crime.

Alcoholic Intoxication↗
PubMed1978

Comparison of human rotavirus disease in tropical and temperate settings.

Human rotaviruses (HRV) are a common cause of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis in pediatric patients. A prospective study of HRV disease in a temperate (Dallas) and a tropical (San Jose, Costa Rica) setting demonstrated differences in seasonal distribution. In both locales, HRV accounted for 50% to 60% of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis episodes from December through February; this period corresponded to the cooler months of winter in Dallas and to the dry season in San Jose. During the rest of the observation year, the virus was not recovered from any Dallas patients, but was found in 30% to 40% of Costa Rican patients in every month but May. Signs, symptoms, and laboratory values suggest the small bowel as the major site of pathophysiology; mucosal disruption may occur in some cases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Amino acids as a nitrogen source in temperate upland grasslands: the use of dual labelled ((13)C, (15)N) glycine to test for direct uptake by dominant grasses.

It is becoming increasingly apparent that soil amino acids are a principal source of nitrogen (N) for certain plants, and especially those of N-limited environments. This study of temperate upland grasslands used glycine-2-(13)C-(15)N and ((15)NH4)(2)SO(4) labelling techniques to test the hypothesis that plant species which dominate 'unimproved' semi-natural grasslands (Festuca-Agrostis-Galium) are able to utilise amino acid N for growth, whereas those plants which dominate 'improved' grasslands (Lolium-Cynosurus), that receive regular applications of inorganic fertiliser, use inorganic N forms as their main N source. Data from field experiments confirmed that 'free' amino acids were more abundant in 'unimproved' than 'improved' grassland and that glycine was the dominant amino acid type (up to 42% of total). Secondly, the injection of representative amounts of glycine-2-(13)C-(15)N (4.76 and 42.86 mM) into intact soil cores from the two grassland types provided evidence of direct uptake of glycine by plants, with both (15)N and (13)C being detected in plant material of both grasslands. Finally, a microcosm experiment demonstrated no preferential uptake of amino acid N by the grasses which dominate the grassland types, namely Holcus lanatus, Festuca rubra, Agrostis capillaris from the 'unimproved' grassland, and Lolium perenne from the 'improved' grassland. Again, both (13)C and (15)N were detected in all grass species suggesting uptake of intact glycine by these plants.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1989

The integrated conjugative plasmid pSAM2 of Streptomyces ambofaciens is related to temperate bacteriophages.

Streptomyces ambofaciens ATCC23877 and derivatives contain the 11-kb element pSAM2 present in an integrated state or as a free and integrated plasmid. This element, able to integrate site-specifically in the genome of different Streptomyces species, is conjugative and mobilizes chromosomal markers. Besides these plasmid functions, we have shown that the site-specific recombination system of pSAM2 presents strong similarities with that of several temperate phages. The integration event is promoted by a site-specific recombinase of the integrase family. The int gene encoding this integrase is closely linked to the plasmid attachment site (attP). A small open reading frame (ORF) overlaps the int gene and the predicted protein exhibits similarities with Xis proteins involved in phages excision. The integrated copy of pSAM2 in strain ATCC23877 is flanked by att sequences (attL and attR). Another att sequence (attX) is present in this strain and attX and attL are the boundaries of a 42-kb fragment (xSAM1) absent, as well as pSAM2, from S.ambofaciens DSM40697. Sequences partially similar to pSAM2 int gene are found near the chromosomal integration zone in both S.ambofaciens strains. The possible origin of pSAM2, an element carrying plasmid as well as phage features, is discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2004

Even-tempered Slater-type orbitals revisited: from hydrogen to krypton.

Even-tempered Slater-type orbital basis sets were developed in 1973, based on total atomic energy optimization. Here, we revisit ET STOs and propose new sets based on past experience and recent computational studies. From preliminary atomic and molecular tests, these sets are shown to be very well balanced and to perform, at lower cost, almost as well as a very large (close to complete) basis set.

Journal Article↗