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Results for “Women In Development”

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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Multiple follicular development in women with normal menstrual cycles treated with pulsatile gonadotrophin-releasing hormone.

In a prospective study, 15 patients with normal menstrual cycles were treated with pulsatile gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) for one to four cycles. These cycles were compared to unstimulated cycles of 14 volunteers. There was a surprisingly stable number of large (greater than or equal to 14 mm diameter) follicles per patient. The number of large follicles in induction cycles was significantly greater than in controls (2.4 versus 1.07). This was due to significantly higher follicle stimulating hormone levels during the first days of treatment. Our data provide a rationale for the use of pulsatile GnRH for a safe and mild form of stimulation in assisted reproductive therapies.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Alcohol intake, type of beverage, and risk of breast cancer in pre- and postmenopausal women.

BACKGROUND: Most studies of the relation between alcohol consumption and breast cancer have shown a modestly increased risk, although the results are still conflicting. METHODS: The aim of this prospective population-based cohort study was to assess the influence of alcohol intake and type of beverage (beer, wine, or spirits) on breast cancer risk in relation to menopausal status. Among 13,074 women aged 20 to 91 years, we examined the relationship between breast cancer risk, total alcohol intake, and type of alcohol in relation to menopausal status. The women were classified as premenopausal or as postmenopausal at younger than 70 years or 70 years or more. RESULTS: During follow-up, 76 premenopausal and 397 postmenopausal women developed breast cancer. Premenopausal women who had an intake of more than 27 drinks per week had a relative risk of breast cancer of 3.49 (95% confidence limits, 1.36-8.99) compared with light drinkers (p = 0.011), whereas there were no differences in risk in the lower-intake categories. The increased risk of breast cancer among premenopausal women was independent of the type of alcohol. Postmenopausal women older than 70 years of age who had an intake of more than six drinks per week of spirits had a relative risk of breast cancer of 2.43 (95% confidence limits, 1.41-4.20) compared with women who consumed less than one drink of spirits per week (p = 0.0014). CONCLUSIONS: Total alcohol intake of more than 27 drinks per week increases breast cancer risk in premenopausal women independently of the type of alcohol. Among postmenopausal women, an intake of spirits of more than six drinks per week increases breast cancer risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Attitudes to current oral contraceptive use and future developments: the women's perspective.

OBJECTIVES: The study was planned to determine current trends in contraceptive usage and to examine the attitudes, needs and preferences of women with respect to oral contraceptives. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were carried out with women (n = 1201, aged 16-45 years) in Germany, the UK and France. RESULTS: The study revealed that oral contraceptives were the most popular method of contraception employed, followed by condoms, and that the majority of respondents were aged 16-19 years when they first used an oral contraceptive. An important finding of the study was that an oral contraceptive was first used only after having sexual intercourse for the first time (within 1 year), emphasizing the importance of effective contraceptive information and education for adolescents. Regarding non-contraceptive health benefits, protection from ovarian and endometrial cancer was perceived by respondents to be of the greatest importance; however, few women were spontaneously aware of this benefit. When given a number of different oral contraceptive intake options to assess, the established 'once daily for 21 consecutive days' option remained the most popular, although a 'once weekly' alternative was cited by many women. When asked about the preferred frequency of menstrual bleeding, there was a polarization between women favoring the normal monthly bleed and those wanting a 'no-bleed' regimen. CONCLUSION: Women are poorly informed about oral contraceptive use, and are largely unaware of the important long-term non-contraceptive benefits. Many women would prefer alternative pill intake options and a significant number would favor a 'no-bleed' regimen.

Adolescent↗