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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Electrovaporization of the prostate: new technique for treatment of symptomatic benign hyperplasia.

This pilot study evaluated the efficacy of a newly configured roller electrode (Circon/ACMI Vaportrode) in the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. The electrode is used with a cutting current and an otherwise-standard (ACMI) resectoscope. Thirty-four patients with significant symptoms of bladder outlet obstruction were treated and evaluated. Among them, 20 were in urinary retention, and 14 had moderate to severely symptomatic bladder outlet obstruction. Thirty-three patients are voiding and available for follow-up. The other patient has not returned. All available patients have shown both subjective and objective voiding improvement. In the evaluable patients, the AUA Symptom Index decreased from a mean of 26 to 12. The mean postoperative peak urinary flow rate was 13 mL/sec. Complications occurred in three patients (post-operative bleeding in one, urinary retention in two). Electrovaporization allowed definitive treatment of bladder outlet obstruction with subjectively better visibility than transurethral resection (TURP). The potential for fluid and electrolyte shifts and resulting complications appears to be less than with TURP. Further study of this technique appears warranted.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Three-dimensional reconstructed rotational digital subtraction angiography in planning treatment of intracranial aneurysms.

We evaluated three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of 200 degrees rotational digital subtraction angiography (DSA) images for their contributions to improving the safety of endovascular embolization of intracranial aneurysms. Standard DSA and 200 degrees rotational DSA were performed in 40 adult patients (aged 21-77 years) with 45 intracranial aneurysms. Information obtainable from standard DSA and 3D-DSA images about aneurysm shape and size was compared. In 40 (89%) of the 45 aneurysms 3D-DSA gave additional information about the anatomy of the aneurysm. In 17 (43 %) of these cases aneurysm anatomy could be visualized better on 3D-DSA than on standard DSA images. In three cases only 3D-DSA images showed blood vessels originating from the aneurysm. Reconstructed 3D images were also helpful in visualizing partially clipped aneurysms. On maximum-intensity projection images it was even possible to depict previously embolized aneurysms. Blood vessels originating from the aneurysm are visible on 3D-DSA images, and even previously clipped aneurysms can be visualized well. Rotational DSA with 3D reconstruction is a helpful tool in the assessment of intracranial aneurysms.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[The international language of science].

There is a trend, with a view to achieving greater scientific visibility and international projection, that favors the adoption of the English language in Brazilian journals dealing with nosological problems. This argument is here questioned. Latin America is a large continent with characteristic health problems. Thus it is to be recommended that scientific public health journals should accept for publication papers written in the three main language: English, Portuguese and Spanish.

Disease↗
PubMed1998

The retained intrapericardial sponge: value of the lateral chest radiograph.

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to identify reasons for the difficulty in diagnosing retained intrapericardial sponges and to determine ways to improve diagnostic accuracy. CONCLUSION: All three intrapericardially retained sponges were in the posterior pericardium, a region not visible to the surgeon. Radiographic detection of the sponges on standard anteroposterior projections is difficult because of exposure factors, other confusing linear markers, and metallic densities such as sternal sutures. However, knowledge of the typical location of a lost sponge and use of lateral radiographic projections may aid in early detection of this rare complication.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

External imaging of human atherosclerosis.

Autologous plasma low-density lipoproteins labeled with I-125 were used as a tracer to identify atherosclerotic lesions in the carotid arteries of the neck. Following intravenous injection of I-125-LDL, images were made at intervals from 6 to 36 hr with the gamma camera in three patients with known carotid disease and one control subject. The carotid lesions, confirmed by angiography, were imaged successfully in all three patients, whereas no focal LDL accumulation was visible in the carotid arteries of the control subject. The findings suggest that it may be possible to image atherosclerosis externally and thus to follow the course of the disease.

Angiography↗
PubMed1996

Building nursing's minimum data set: the results of a pilot study.

Nursing's viability in health care data bases is nonexistent. If nursing is to receive acknowledgment and reimbursement for the services provided to patients, nursing data elements must be visible in national health care databases. To identify nursing data elements, this pilot project tested three instruments that could be used to identify nursing diagnoses commonly used in the peri-operative and peri-procedural care of patients. The results of the pilot project survey, the instrument of choice, and nursing diagnoses used during the pre, intra, and postoperative/procedural experience are described.

Data Collection↗
PubMed2006

A pilot study of brain tumour growth between radiotherapy planning and delivery.

AIMS: Delays between surgery and the delivery of radiotherapy may allow brain tumours to grow beyond the planned radiotherapy fields and therefore reduce the effectiveness of radiotherapy. This pilot study aimed to ascertain whether significant growth of brain tumours occurs between post-biopsy imaging and the start of radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two estimates of tumour volume were obtained from contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance images obtained within 3 days of surgical debulking/biopsy (postoperative), and shortly before starting radiotherapy (pre-radiotherapy). The postoperative and pre-radiotherapy volumes were compared to assess tumour growth and expansion of the tumour margin. The enhancing tumour volume was measured on a workstation using two methods: tracing the area of the lesion on each slice on which it appeared and summing the volume in each slice, and by measuring the largest diameters in three planes. The ease of use and intra-operator variability of the two methods were compared. RESULTS: The median time between postoperative and pre-radiotherapy scans was 31.5 days (range 15-53 days). Both methods found that statistically significant tumour growth occurred between postoperative and pre-radiotherapy imaging. The tumour area method found median postoperative volume of 42,849 mm3 (range 4843-148,047 mm3), and median pre-radiotherapy volume of 49,382 mm3 (range 9327-150,850 mm3) and a median growth of 35.07% (range 0-105%). The enhancing tumour margin on the pre-radiotherapy scan overlapped the margin of the postoperative scan by a maximum of 20 mm. Our study found that the diameter method gave lower estimates of tumour growth than the area method. The diameter method was inaccurate when tumours were small or irregularly shaped. CONCLUSION: As a 2-3 cm margin is usually included around the tumour when planning radiotherapy, it seems unlikely that the visible tumour actually grew outwith the planned radiotherapy fields. However, cells beyond the tumour margin visible on imaging could be outside the planned radiotherapy field. This paper highlights difficulties in determining the most appropriate time for baseline radiotherapy planning imaging to be carried out.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Advantage of dual-energy technique in diagnosis of chest tubercular diseases].

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: X-ray radiography is the first choice for detecting chest diseases. However, "visual obstacles" caused by the overlaps between ribs and lung in chest radiography affects the observation and analysis of chest diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the value of direct digital radiography (DR) dual-energy technique in diagnosis of chest disease located in the overlaps between ribs and lung. METHODS: Thirty-five cases of chest tubercular diseases located in the overlaps between ribs and lung were examined using direct digital radiography (DR) dual-energy technique. RESULTS: Ratings of dual-energy technique radiography in detecting chest tubercular diseases were 94.3% whereas the ratings of DR radiography were 45.7%. Bone and soft tissue can be separated in the radiography using dual-energy technique. CONCLUSION: DR dual-energy technique not only increases the visibility towards chest tubercular disease, but also discriminates the location (ribs or lung) of chest tubercular disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

New case-detection trends in a multi-drug therapy programme: definite reduction in sight.

MDT has made a visible impact on leprosy in Andhra Pradesh as reflected by reduction of prevalence as well as in new case-detection, which is used as a proxy for incidence of the disease. Such reductions have also been seen in West Godavari district and the Damien Leprosy Centre at Vegavaram (an NGO project), where MDT is being implemented since 1988.

Drug Therapy, Combination↗
PubMed1997

Imaging of small airways disease, with emphasis on high resolution computed tomography.

Bronchioles are the airways less than 2-3 mm in diameter. Normal bronchioles cannot be reliably detected by means of high resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Nevertheless, in pathological cases, bronchiolar lesions can be identified by taking into account direct and indirect signs. On radiological grounds, bronchiolar lesions can be classified into four groups, on the basis of HRCT findings: 1) prevailing nodular opacities and "tree in bud" pattern; 2) consolidations or ground-glass opacities; 3) mosaic oligosemia with expiratory air-trapping; and 4) mixed cases. In this review, we present the main radiological and HRCT findings in four different entities, representing the more typical cases of bronchiolar pathology; bronchiolitis obliterans; bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia; diffuse panbronchiolitis; and respiratory bronchiolitis with associated interstitial lung disease. HRCT sometimes allows a precise diagnosis of bronchiolar pathology; however, more often, it permits only a range of hypotheses to be advanced. More importantly, it allows a precise localization for biopsy procedures and an exact follow-up after institution of therapy. In normal subjects, less than 1% of the whole bronchial tree is visible on the standard chest radiograph. HRCT offers a good insight and invaluable information. New techniques, such as volumetric HRCT with sliding-thin-slab maximum- and minimum-intensity projections (MIP and minip) could represent an important additional tool in the evaluation of small airways disease.

Bronchiolitis↗
PubMed1989

Bone-plates and screws of bioabsorbable poly (L-lactide)--an animal pilot study.

Poly (L-lactide), a polymer of lactic acid (PLLA), with an extremely high molecular weight (Mv up to 1 x 10(6] has been synthesised under strictly controlled conditions resulting in a new microporous material with excellent mechanical properties. Bone-plates and screws machined from PLLA were used for fixation of two artificial mandibular fractures in sheep effected by a specially designed bone clamp. Fracture healing was uneventful without visible callus formation. Plates and screws of PLLA gave good stability over a sufficiently long period to enable normal fracture healing. Application in humans seems to be justified.

Absorption↗
PubMed1986

Nasal reconstruction: seeking a fourth dimension.

A method of nasal reconstruction emphasizing the use of thin but highly vascular local lining and cover flaps to allow successful primary placement of delicate cartilage grafts is presented. The cartilage fabrication provides projection in space, airway patency, and, when visible through conforming skin cover, the delicate contour of the normal nose. Because tissue is replaced in kind and quantity, the need for multiple revisions to sculpt and debulk is decreased. Techniques and four case reports describe its applications to tip, heminose, subtotal, and total nasal defects.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Mammographic needle localization of lesions seen in only one view.

A new xeromammographic needle localization technique for occult breast lesions seen on only one view is described, which permitted successful localization of an occult lesion visible only on mediolateral projection. To test its accuracy, the method was also applied to 15 other cases (16 lesions) where the lesion was seen in two views, but localization was performed as if it were seen in one view only. The technique takes advantage of the geometry of x-ray beam angulation and triangulation.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed2006

Distribution and differentiation of microglia in the human encephalon during the first two trimesters of gestation.

We describe the topographical distribution of microglial subpopulations during development of the human diencephalon and telencephalon. Brains from embryos and fetuses age 5-23.5 gestational weeks (gw) were subjected to single- and double-immunolabeling for lectin RCA-1 (Ricinus Communis Agglutinin 1), Iba1 (a microglial marker), CD68 (specific of macrophages), CD45 (marker for mononucleate cells of hematopoietic lineage), CD34 (expressed on endothelial cells), and MIB1 and Ki67 (markers for cell proliferation). At 5.5 gw the first intracerebral microglial cells were seen close to the meninges and choroid plexus near the di-telencephalic fissure. They were amoeboid and positive for Iba1, CD45, and RCA-1, whereas cells in the deep parenchyma expressed Iba1/CD68/RCA-1 and constituted clusters. In the developing diencephalon, microglial clusters were located in junctional regions of the white matter anlagen, most notably at the junctions of the internal capsule with the thalamic projections, the external capsule, and the cerebral peduncle. In the cortical anlagen, Iba1+/RCA-1/CD68+/CD45+ cells accumulated at 10-12 gw, constituting a tangential band at the junction between the cortical plate and the subplate. Between 10 and 16 gw microglial clusters increased markedly in size and cellular density. Contact between Iba1+ microglia and CD34+ blood vessels was clearly visible from 10-12 gw onward, first in microglial clusters of the white matter anlagen and subsequently throughout the parenchyma. From the middle of the second trimester onward microglial cells colonized the entire cerebral parenchyma, developed a ramified morphology, and downregulated their surface antigens, but remained more numerous in the white matter.

Brain↗
PubMed1993

Measuring university student satisfaction with a campus family planning clinic in Costa Rica.

Family planning clinics for university students play a valuable role in promoting health. This research project, a pilot study among women students who sought family planning services through a Costa Rican university clinic, introduced student evaluation of the family planning clinic, documented services provided in family planning visits, and identified issues for further study. Aged 18-33 years, the 53 respondents (a convenient sample) who completed a self-administered questionnaire were mostly (64%) single; all were sexually active; and 78% wished to have children (or more children) some day. Though all were sexually active at the time of their visit, only 62% were currently using contraception, and fewer than half of these were using effective methods. Nearly all students (96%) reported they learned new information during their appointment, and many received screening tests and examinations. Respondents rated their satisfaction with aspects of clinic service as high, citing the clinic's low visibility on campus as the most important area for improvement. All of the students said they would definitely return (85%) or would consider returning (15%). The results support the continuance of such a clinic on the campus, as well as of the practice of student evaluation. This collaborative study demonstrated areas for future research and stimulated interest in the university clinic as a research setting.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Laryngeal morphometry with a new laser 'clip on' device.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Qualitative laryngoscopic investigations belong to diagnostic routine in laryngology. Nevertheless, quantitative morphometric measurements of intralaryngeal structures have been difficult by now. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIAL AND METHODS: The development of a two-point-light projection method for endolaryngeal measurements that works with a double reflecting mirror and green laser light is shown. RESULTS: The laser beams that have a distance of exactly 2 mm are very well visible at the surface of laryngeal structures. The technique can be used during a routine videoendoscopic examination. CONCLUSION: In our opinion this method enables accurate quantitative morphological measurement within the larynx that could be used even in clinical routine. The two-point light projection technique helps to reduce former limitations of endoscopic investigations.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1987

Angiographic localizer ring for the BRW stereotactic system.

An accessory locating device to the existing BRW stereotactic system is presented. It can be used as a reference device to locate angiographic data with respect to the BRW stereotactic system. Hence, the projection of target points onto angiograms, visible on CT scans, are easily calculated, as well as the stereotactic coordinates of a set of points (e.g., AVM) indicated on at least two angiograms. As a final result integrated images of cerebral blood vessels and an outline of tumor lesions can be generated using more sophisticated computer equipment.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMed2004

[Photodynamic therapy follow-up: when to retreat, when to observe, or when to propose an alternative treatment?].

Clinical and angiographic progression after photodynamic therapy (PDT) is usually slow, sometimes fluctuating and therefore difficult to evaluate. After several sessions of PDT, angiographic follow-up remains the basis for therapeutic management involving either a new PDT session or an alternative treatment. It remains difficult, however, to evaluate the activity and progression potential of the remaining neovessels. Imaging (angiography, optical coherence tomography) and functional data both contribute to the therapeutic decision. Certain patients require several sessions for a progressive reduction of the exudation. For others, the persistence of metamorphopsias and accentuation of the scotoma despite the treatment may entail alternative treatment. Thus, a perifoveal photocoagulation can be proposed to limit the extension of the scotoma if after a reasonable number of sessions, central visual acuity is not recovered; direct photocoagulation of a persistent active neovascular contingent, distant from the fixation zone (foveal or exenterated) can be proposed if it remains on the border of a stabilized lesion; the treatment of a feeder vessel can be proposed if it becomes visible and is associated with active neovessels with a persistent central serous detachment of the neuroretina. Lastly, performance status and patient wishes are important elements in the overall therapeutic project, especially if the eye involved is the second eye, in view of quickly initiating low-vision rehabilitation.

Fluorescein Angiography↗