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PubMed1992

Clinical studies of Ukrain in terminal cancer patients (phase II).

Phase II of clinical studies was performed on 70 patients, ranging in age from 14 to 80 years, (27 male, 43 female) to determine the appropriate dose range for Ukrain and the clarification of dose/response relationships, in order to provide an optimal background for wider therapeutic trials. The following parameters were studied: physiological (pulse, blood pressure, temperature); biochemical, haematological and immunological. Electrolytes and trace elements were investigated, as well as neopterin, tumour markers, immune complexes, non specific blocking factors, development of tumours and metastases in quantitative respects (by X-ray, CT, scintigrams and US). The patients' general conditions were also assessed. Ukrain was given intramuscularly or intravenously every one, two, three, four or five days, or according to other schemata, in the dose range of 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20 or 25 mg increasing (2.5 to 25 mg per injection), decreasing (25 to 2.5 mg per injection) and stable (5, 10, 15, 20 or 25 mg per injection). Duration of one course of therapy was between 10 days and 90 days. Intervals between courses ranged from 7 days to 3 months. In order to find dose/duration/interval/response-relationships, some cases were treated after chemoradiotherapy, some as adjuvant therapy to chemo-radiotherapy and alternatives such as iscador, and some as monotherapy. All patients were at terminal stages of their disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Lymphocyte subsets in patients with lung cancer treated with thiophosphoric acid alkaloid derivatives from Chelidonium majus L. (Ukrain).

Lymphocyte subsets were evaluated in nine men (aged 42-68 years, mean 57 years) with histologically proven lung cancer, previously untreated. Lymphocyte subpopulations were quantified by immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies against total T-cells, T-helper and T-suppressor cells. In addition, the percentage of NK cells and the helper/suppressor (H/S) ratio were evaluated. The number of B-cells was determined by surface immunoglobulin immunofluorescence. Chelidonium majus L. (preparation Ukrain) was applied as an intravenous injection every three days. One course consisted of 10 applications of 10 mg each. All immunological tests were performed before and after drug administration. The treatment was generally well tolerated. The results showed an increase in the proportion of total T-cells, and a significant decrease in the percentage of T-suppressor cells. The normalization of the H/S ratio was also noted. However, there were no signs of activation of NK, T-helper and B-cells. The restoration of cellular immunity was accompanied by an improvement in the clinical course of the disease. This effect was particularly pronounced in patients who responded to further chemotherapy. Objective tumour regression (CR+PR) was seen in 44.4% of treated patients. Four out of nine patients (44.4%) died of progressive disease during the course of this study. It is concluded that Ukrain can be immunologically effective in lung cancer patients and can improve human cellular response.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1992

The effects of thiophosphoric acid (Ukrain) on cervical cancer, stage IB bulky.

This study was carried out to determine the clinical and immune response of a stage IB voluminous uterine cervical cancer to thiophosphoric acid alkaloid derivatives from Chelidoniium majus L. (Ukrain). The drugs were administered 10 mg intramuscularly every other day, for up to 10 injections. The two largest diameters and tumour volumes were measured and laboratory and immunological tests were performed before and after Ukrain administration. The patients were then operated on with type III Piver's radical hysterectomy. Three out of nine eligible cases had partial responses while six cases remained stable. Decreased total B lymphocytes and suppressor T lymphocytes were observed as well as increased total numbers of T lymphocytes and helper T lymphocytes. There was no single case of clinical or haematological toxicity apart from mild nausea. Two patients were treated with adjuvant radiotherapy due to lymphatic involvement and all nine patients were still alive at least six months after follow-up.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Effect of three months treatment with Ukrain on peripheral blood morphology in rodents.

Studies on Albino Swiss mice and Wistar rats have demonstrated that Ukrain administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) for three months produces the following effects in the haematologic parameters: increased leucocytes and decreased thrombocytes. The haemoglobin and erythrocyte levels, as well as haematocrit value, were unchanged. In the leucogram changes were observed; i.e., a fall in the number of neutrophil segments and an increase in the lymphocyte count. The erythrocyte indices, P.C.V., M.C.V., M.C.H. and M.C.H.C. were not changed by a period of three months i.p. Ukrain administration. The observed changes were more marked in female than in male animals and were greater in mice than in rats.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1992

Pharmacological effects of Ukrain in rats and rabbits.

The effect of Ukrain administered in various doses on mean blood pressure (MAP) and breathing rate in rats and rabbits was evaluated. It was found that MAP was reduced and breathing rate increased significantly in both animal species. Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of Ukrain was 10-fold higher in rats than in rabbits, and it amounted to 3.5 mg x kg(-1) and 0.35 mg x kg(-1), respectively. Possible clinical implications of these findings were discussed.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1996

Influence of Ukrain on human xenografts in vitro.

Tumour cells were taken from human tumour xenografts (HTX) and serially transplanted into nude mice. These cells were used in a colony-forming assay in vitro. Tumour cells were incubated continuously for at least one week with several concentrations of the drug Ukrain. This was done with six different types and the colony formation was scored for each tumour. The drug effects were reported as percent T/C (Test/Control) for the numbers of colonies formed. Activity is considered to be present at T/C < 30%. A clear dose-response effect was found for Ukrain.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1996

Influence of Ukrain on breast cancer.

The influence of Ukrain on breast cancer was studied in ten women and monitored in each patient by clinical examination, mammography, ultrasonography, histopathology and immunofluorescence in the tissue material obtained after radical mastectomy performed ten days after discontinuation of the treatment. Observations accumulated during the study and analytical data support the view that Ukrain, by changing the antigenic expression of malignant cells, make them recognizable for the immune system which rejects them in a host-versus graft manner.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Influence of Ukrain on patients with surgically treated breast cancer. Part I. Clinical and laboratory parameters.

Studies were undertaken to evaluate the influence of Ukrain on clinical and laboratory parameters in ten patients with breast cancer treated with the drug in the preoperative phase. The control group was composed of eight patients of similar age and advancement of the disease who did not receive Ukrain before mastectomy. Data from the present studies indicate that the drug is distinctly helpful from the surgical viewpoint by increasing tumour hardness and enlargement of metastatic lymph nodes. Furthermore, treatment with it is fully safe, with no side effects or allergic reactions.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1996

Certain biophysical properties of Ukrain.

Ukrain was found to be relatively resistant in vitro to mean intensity radiation over the whole UV range. Of the seven peaks in the absorption spectrum of Ukraine those at 210 and 230 nm are conspicuous in the spectrum of the plasma of colorectal patients injected the previous day with this drug.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1996

Ukrain with chemotherapy in malignant melanoma (case report).

A female patient was treated in 1991 for a metastatic malignant melanoma. She was treated chemotherapeutically, with interferon, and surgically. After recurrence in 1993 the chemotherapy regime was changed and Ukrain therapy was administered between the chemotherapy series. Whereas in 1993 the patient suffered from multiple metastases in the lungs, the combined therapy with Ukrain induced a complete remission which has lasted more than one year to data.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1996

Ukrain monotherapy in malignant melanoma (case report).

A patient with a metastasizing malignant melanoma (stage III) was treated with Ukrain monotherapy. Before and during the first Ukrain course of treatment the patient excreted melanin in the urine. After the third course melanin was no more detectable and the patient has been without any symptoms of disease for the last 12 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Ukrain therapy of recurrent breast cancer with lung metastases (case report).

A recurrent breast cancer with lung metastases was treated with the new anticancer drug Ukrain. The first two courses led to subjective improvement of the general condition as well as work capability; appetite improved and shortness of breath disappeared. After the sixth course of Ukrain therapy objective improvement was found clinically on X-ray, in haematological and biochemical data and improved tumour markers. Lymph nodes and lung metastases disappeared. The patient showed a full clinical remission.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Biophysiological effects of Ukrain therapy in a patient with breast cancer (case report).

The effects on different biophysiological parameters and subjective impressions were studied in a patient with breast cancer who was not previously given any therapy before receiving Ukrain. Daily measurements of pulse, blood pressure, temperature and various laboratory examinations were carried out. Development and course of subjective and objective phenomena seem to be typical for patients in whom Ukrain could induce long-term complete remission. The patient described here has had to data 12 years without any oncopathological symptoms.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1996

Ukrain treatment in carcinoma of the oesophagus (case report).

A poorly differentiated squamous cell oesophageal carcinoma was diagnosed in a patient after an 11 month history of difficulty in swallowing. The condition was inoperable according to clinical and X-ray contrast examinations. Radiation therapy with three courses of chemotherapy was carried out, but no amelioration was obtained. Ukrain therapy (course of 46 ampoules) was undertaken; this changed the situation entirely: all the subjective problems disappeared and no residual cancer was seen on the X-rays. Complete remission is seen nearly four years after Ukrain therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Pathology and proliferative activity of renal-cell carcinomas (RCCS) and renal oncocytomas in patients with different radiation exposure after the Chernobyl accident in Ukraine.

During the 13-year period subsequent to the Chernobyl accident, the morbidity of malignant renal tumors in Ukraine has increased from 4. 7 to 7.5 per 100,000 of total population. Cesium 137 ((137)Cs) accounts for 90% of the incorporated radioactivity in the Ukrainian population, which has been exposed to long-term, low dose ionizing radiation and 90% of the more labile pool of ((137)Cs) is excreted via kidneys. The present study was performed to evaluate the histopathological features and the immunohistochemical status of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and K-ras in renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) of 236 Ukrainian patients (groups I to V), which represents a varying degrees of internal exposure to radiation and were operated in 2 different periods of time after the Chernobyl accident. The control group VI of 112 analog patients with RCCs was selected in Spain. The strong significant differences between the Ukrainian and Spanish groups were found in tumoral nuclear grade, in the percentage of sarcomatoid changes, the level of the peritumoral inflammatory response as well as in the peritumoral lesions. The dramatic increase of aggressivity and proliferative activity supported by strong PCNA and K-ras expression of RCCs from Ukrainian groups, associated with chronic radiation nephropathy of peritumoral kidney tissue, showed good correlation with the duration of radiation exposure and confirmed the influence of chronic but regular and sustained low dose of ionizing radiation on renal carcinogenesis of the Ukrainian population.

Adenoma, Oxyphilic↗
PubMed1994

Human dento-gnathic metric variation in mesolithic/neolithic Ukraine: possible evidence of demic diffusion in the Dnieper Rapids region.

Dental and gnathic metrics from a series of Mesolithic and Neolithic cemetery samples in the Dnieper River valley (Ukraine) are compared. Both male and female Neolithic samples have larger dental dimensions, wider dental arcades, and a more robust mandibular corpus than do the Mesolithic samples. In addition, the relative variances (RVs) of bucco-lingual dental breadths (as measured by modified Levene's Tests) show an intriguing pattern of change from the Mesolithic into and through the Neolithic. Female RVs show a clear tenency to increase through time, while male RVs show more mixed tendencies. Such a pattern indicates that the increases in Ukrainian Neolithic dento-gnathic dimensions are plausibly attributable to low intensity gene flow (demic diffusion). Seen in the light of new chronometric, paleodietary, and paleolinguistic information, as well as in the context of recent archaeological models for agro-pastoralist origins in the North Pontic, these data suggest that gene flow via population interactions originating in or transient through the circum-Caucasus may have played an important role in producing the Ukrainian Neolithic dental increase.

Anthropology, Physical↗
PubMed2002

Radiation-induced leukemia risk among those aged 0-20 at the time of the Chernobyl accident: a case-control study in the Ukraine.

A case-control study was conducted to estimate the radiation-induced acute leukemia risk for the period 1987-1997 among residents aged 0-20 at the time of the Chernobyl accident in the most radioactively contaminated territories of the Ukraine (Rivno and Zhytomir regions). Data were collected on 272 leukemia cases diagnosed between 1 January 1987 and 31 December 1997. Of these, 98 cases were verified and interviewed. Verified cases were compared to 151 randomly selected controls matched by age, gender and type of settlement. The mean value of the estimated accumulated equivalent dose to the bone marrow was 4.5 mSv, and the maximum value was 101 mSv. A statistically significant increased risk of leukemia was found among males whose estimated radiation exposure was higher than 10 mSv. This association was statistically significant for acute leukemia cases that occurred in the period 1993-1997, particularly for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. A similar association was found for acute myeloid leukemia, diagnosed in the period 1987-1992.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Environmental issues in the post-communist Ukraine.

The Ukraine, which gained independence in 1991, faces serious problems related to environmental degradation. Environmental problems contribute to a deterioration in human health and a negative trend in population growth. Both form part of a raft of socio-economic problems encountered during the country's transition to a free market economy. The most serious problems are found in cities and areas near the Black and Azov Seas, the Dnipro river basin and in the Polissya region. This paper provides an overview of the situation. Social and managerial implications of environmental management are considered alongside associated environmental and human health problems in the country. It is concluded that a desired change in the mindset of policy makers and, indeed, the population at large, is required in parallel with legal and technocratic instruments, while real improvements can only be achieved through economic development, which can be facilitated by Western assistance.

Commerce↗