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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Microbial contamination in dental unit waterlines: comparison between Er:YAG laser and turbine lines.

The investigation was carried out by evaluating the microbiological characteristics of the water before and after treatment with Er:YAG laser and turbine. The study was carried out in 2 dental surgeries. In both cases the laser and dental units were served by two independent circuits, fed by the same potable tap water. Samples were taken from the water supplying and the water leaving the turbine and laser before and after treatment on the same patient. Total heterotrophic plate count was measured at 36 degrees C and at 22 degrees C, and the presence of Staphylococcus species and non-fermenting Gram negative bacteria was investigated. Bacterial contamination was found within the circuit, especially in the laser device. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected in only 1 sample of supply water, in 11.1 % and in 19.4 % of the samples from the turbine and the laser respectively. No evidence of Staphylococcus aureus was found. The contamination of supply water was low, whereas that of the water leaving the handpieces of the 2 devices was high, especially in the laser. Attention should be paid to the control of the water leaving laser devices, given the increasingly wide use of such instruments in dental treatment exposed to risk of infection.

Decontamination↗
PubMed1990

[Injury to fish by turbine plants].

In the Federal Republic of Germany, 7% of the electric power is generated by Hydro-electric plants. A water current is used to drive a turbine, to generate electricity. Fish are passively drawn into the turbines by the water flow, or they migrate actively downstream (eels). Fish then may be injured or even killed. The national Countries' Fishery Acts are not sufficient to compel the prevention of fish gaining access to the turbines. To compensate for losses to the fishery, the owners of Hydro power plants can re-stock their water supplies. Superior to the Fishery Acts of the various Countries is the Federal Animal Protection Law. According to its principle, it is not allowed to cause pain, suffering or damage to an animal without a reasonable cause. It cannot be the intention of either the Fishery Acts or the Animal Protection Law to compensate losses in the fish population by re-stocking. On the contrary, the damage has to be prevented in advance. A suitable means to achieve this is the combination of electrified barriers with a bypass for fish.

Animal Welfare↗
PubMed1977

[Studies on the spacial aerosol spreading during the use of turbines].

When treating hard tooth structures with a turbine instrument, a polydisperse aerosol is formed from the turbine exhaust air and the cooling-water spray and by the rotation of the abrasive tool. The oral cavity repels this aerosol that is contaminated with micro-organisms and particles of enamel and filling materials. The present paper deals with the spatial propagation of the aerosol cloud in front of the patient's mouth in relation to the site of impact of the turbine instrument. Recommendations are given for practice to reduce the possibilities of infection.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1994

Bacteriological evaluation of a new air turbine handpiece for preventing cross-contamination in dental procedures.

An autoclavable air turbine handpiece, Air Flushing Clean System (AFCS) (Osada Electric Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) was developed for use in dentistry with the objective of reducing cross-contamination. Its potential for bacterial contamination was investigated in vitro using two bacterial strains (Streptococcus mutants ATCC 25175 and Staphylococcus aureus FDA 209 P). In theory, this device should prevent cross-contamination of the internal water and air lines of the handpiece, by maintaining an internal positive pressure even after the turbine is stopped. In the present study, this AFCS device was found to reduce the bacterial contamination within the air turbine handpiece more effectively than the conventional handpiece used according to accepted protocol. The reduction of such contamination by the AFCS is in keeping with the recent objective of the American Dental Association to reduce cross-contamination during dental procedures.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1995

Laser reduction of inferior turbinates in children.

Perennial nasal obstruction in children refractory to medical treatment may be managed by turbinate reduction. Turbinectomy may involve a risk of significant postoperative bleeding and requires nasal packing. Submucosal diathermy is followed by nasal congestion and crusting; recurrent nasal obstruction is frequent at fifteen months. This study assesses the benefits of carbon dioxide laser reduction of inferior turbinates in 20 children. Intraoperative blood loss was negligible and no nasal packing was required. There was minimal postoperative discomfort which required no analgesia. No postoperative haemorrhage was recorded. The children were able to drink and eat by 4 and 6 hours respectively. Relief of nasal obstruction occurred one to seven days postoperatively and was confirmed by rhinohygrometry. Nasal patency was maintained on eighteen to twenty-four months follow up. Mucosal healing was completed by four weeks. Mucosal saccharin clearances were normal postoperatively. We conclude laser turbinectomy is an excellent means of turbinate reduction in selected children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Thoracic complications associated with utilization of the air turbine dental drill.

Thoracic complications associated with the use of the high-speed air turbine dental drill have been reported sporadically in the anesthesia literature. This case report documents the potential sequelae associated with air entrainment from utilization of the high-speed air turbine dental drill in general dentistry. Signs and symptoms of air entrainment include chest fullness, periorbital and facial edema, and crepitus. Prompt recognition of this phenomena is essential because of potential airway obstruction and additional complications, as the infused air dissects through the fascial planes. Cardiovascular collapse, associated with the development of venous air embolism, has also been reported as a life-threatening complication associated with the high-speed air turbine dental drill. This is a case report of a patient who developed pneumomediastinum while receiving dental preparatory treatment for multiple crowns, veneers, and impressions.

Dental High-Speed Equipment↗
PubMed1990

Turbinate hypertrophy. Evaluation of the nasal cavity by acoustic rhinometry.

We used acoustic rhinometry to assess the geometry of the nasal cavity. The cross-sectional area of the nasal cavity as a function of distance from the nostrils was obtained. Seventeen patients with hypertrophy of the inferior turbinate and septal deviations were examined preoperatively and postoperatively; 34 normal subjects served as controls. The cross-sectional area at the anterior part of the nose suggested that skeletal hypertrophy of the inferior turbinate might be expected in the side opposite the main septal deviation. Unilateral inferior turbinoplasty seems advisable.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed2003

Detection of rhinovirus RNA in middle turbinate of patients with common colds by in situ hybridization.

Human rhinovirus 14 RNA was determined by in situ hybridization from middle turbinate biopsies in 32 patients with diagnosed common colds and in five control individuals. Twenty-two (69%) biopsies from common colds patients but none of the five control biopsies showed reactivity for human rhinovirus 14 antisense probe. The signal was detected both in the respiratory epithelium and in mucosal inflammatory cells. In situ hybridization of the middle turbinate tissue yielded more positive results than RT-PCR (47%) or virus culture (34%) assayed from nasopharyngeal aspirates, but no statistical significant differences were observed (P = 0.265, P = 0.425, respectively). The results indicated that in situ hybridization procedure was slightly more sensitive than PCR assays and classical culture for the detection of human rhinovirus infection of upper respiratory tract. However, in situ hybridization procedure appeared to be an interesting methodology to investigate the physiopathology of respiratory tract infection by rhinoviruses.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Cytokeratin expression in human respiratory epithelium of nasal polyps and turbinates.

The cytokertatins in respiratory epithelial cells (REC) of human nasal polyps and turbinates were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Cytokeratin 19 (CK19) was present in all REC, CK5 and 14 were expressed primarily in basal cells, and CK7, 8, and 18 were found in suprabasal cells. Differences in cytoplasmic locations were also apparent among the individual cytokeratins. CK13 was not detected in any REC of these tissues. The results indicate the profile of cytokeratins in REC of human nasal polyps and turbinates is essentially identical to that of REC in the more distal respiratory tract.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

The influence of the normal turbinate mucosa on nasal airflow.

In an attempt to determine the influence of the turbinate mucosa on nasal airflow resistance, we measured the nasal resistances in seven patients who had no lateral walls on one side of their nasal cavities because of unilateral operative removal of maxillary tumors. We compared resistances on the operated side with the normal unoperated side. No significant differences were found either on inspiration or expiration. Additionally, no significant influence of the turbinate mucosa on nasal airflow resistance was detected in sitting subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Scanning and transmission electron microscopic findings in cilia from human nasal turbinate and sinus mucosa following respiratory infection.

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to study the ultrastructure of human respiratory cilia in 34 patients with chronic or recurrent respiratory infections and 11 control patients. Specimens of pathological mucosa were taken from 12 maxillary sinuses and 22 middle turbinates. Control tissues were taken from middle turbinates or from sphenoid sinuses during transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. Findings in control tissues or specimens with minimal amounts of pathological findings showed that TEM and SEM findings correlated well. TEM revealed axoneme structure better, while much larger populations of cilia could be studied three-dimensionally with SEM. SEM also was the better study when cilia orientations or lengths were evaluated. Optimal examination of ciliary ultrastructure required both TEM and SEM studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Septoplasty and compensatory inferior turbinate hypertrophy: long-term results after randomized turbinoplasty.

In patients with septal deviation, compensatory inferior turbinate hypertrophy in the side of the nose opposite the major septal deviation is often found. Although turbinectomy in connection with septoplasty is a relatively common clinical procedure, the effectiveness of the procedure is unknown, and the indications and technique applied vary considerably. Fifty patients with nasal obstruction and anterior septal deviations responded to a questionnaire 5 years after operation. Thirty-seven of these patients were available for objective examinations and acoustic rhinometry. In connection with their operations patients had been randomized into two groups. Septoplasty was performed in one group, while the other had a septoplasty supplemented with an anterior inferior turbinoplasty performed on the side opposite the major septal deviation. The subjective overall evaluation was not influenced by turbinoplasty, and no changes in the frequency of crusting were found. In all, 24% of the patients were dissatisfied with the results of surgery, and only 43% were completely satisfied with final results. No influence of turbinate reduction was detectable. Acoustic rhinometry also showed, that there was still a marked difference between the dimensions of the two sides of the nose, and that postoperative spatial conditions were still decreased on both sides when compared with normal controls.

Acoustics↗
PubMed2000

[Treatment of the hypertrophied inferior turbinate. 2].

The surgical management of enlarged inferior turbinates has been actively debated for more than a century. The second part of this review describes the following techniques: laterofracture, submucous turbinectomy, concho-antropexy, partial turbinectomy, anterior turbinectomy, inferior turbinoplasty, total turbinectomy, and vidian neurectomy. Indications, advantages, disadvantages, complications, and controversies of each treatment modality are reviewed and discussed. Partial or submucosal resection should be preferred, because there are moderate side effects and the amount of turbinate excised can be altered according the degree of symptomatology. Total turbinectomy or vidian neurectomy are indicated if all other treatment attempts do not succeed.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The use of lower turbinate bone grafts in the treatment of saddle nose deformities.

Saddle nose reconstruction is based on the use of support grafts to manage aesthetic and functional problems. Bone (calvarial, iliac crest, costal, nasal hump, ulnar, and heterogeneous origin), cartilage (septal, costal, heterogeneous), and synthetic materials (silicon, silastic, polyethylene) were used as support grafts. Three patients have been included in this study to define the surgical management and long-term aesthetic and functional results of patients undergoing rhinoplasty with support grafts for a saddle nose deformity. Open rhinoplasty was employed. Both the lower turbinates were excised and the bone dissected from the soft tissues in two cases and in one case, only mucosa was removed. The amount of support needed was measured by using bone wax. The bone was used shaped in layers, according to the defect, and sutured to each other by vycril suture, and wrapped around by surgicell. The graft was then inserted in its place and fixed with external prolene sutures. Results were satisfactory in both function and aesthetics. Ten to 16-month follow-ups had no complications. Saddle nose surgery basically requires the use of a support graft to repair the nasal dorsum. A lower turbinate bone graft procedure has some advantages: it is cheap and safe, it is ready to use and not time-consuming, there is no donor area and no additional donor site morbidity, and it enlarges the airway and the passage to prevent nasal airway obstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Two cases of malignant melanoma in turbinate and maxillary sinus.

Malignant melanomas develop from malignant transformation of melanocytes that are present in the skin and mucosal linings throughout the body. The overall rate of mucosal melanoma is rare and malignant melanomas developing from turbinates or maxillary sinuses are extremely rare. Symptoms of nasal melanoma are generally nonspecific, and patients often fail to seek prompt medical attention. Diagnosis can be confirmed by the immunochemical profile of staining with anti-S100 and HMB-45 antibodies, even in the case of melanin-free pigment melanoma. The present study reports two cases of primary malignant melanoma in the turbinate and maxillary sinus.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Identification of B2 bradykinin binding sites in the guinea pig nasal turbinate.

Specific high affinity BK binding sites in the nasal turbinate of the guinea pig have been demonstrated. Specific [3H]BK binding (10-330 pM) was saturable, and nonlinear least squares analysis indicated the presence of a high affinity binding site with a Kd value of 60 (50-78) pM and a Bmax value of 13.1 = 2.0 fmol/mg protein. In inhibition experiments, D-Phe7-BK (a B2 antagonist) inhibited [3H]BK binding with a Ki value of 23 nM, while des-Arg9[Leu8]-BK (a B1 antagonist) had no effect up to a concentration of 10 microM. These studies indicate the presence of B2 BK receptors in the guinea pig nasal turbinate.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The pathogenesis of turbinate atrophy in pigs caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica.

The pathogenicity of 3 strains of Bordetella bronchiseptica designated B58, PV6 and B65 was compared by intranasal infection of gnotobiotic piglets. Strain B58 was a phase 1 isolate that produced haemolysin, an adhesin for calf erythrocytes, adenylate cyclase, mouse lethal factor, dermonecrotic factor and cytotoxin. B65 was a variant of B58 that produced no detectable haemolysin, adhesin or adenylate cyclase and 10-fold smaller amounts than B58 of mouse lethal factor, dermonecrotic factor and cytotoxin. Strain PV6 was a phase 1 isolate that produced only haemolysin, adhesin and adenylate cyclase. After nasal infection of gnotobiotic pigs, 10(3.2)-10(6.2) colony forming units ml-1 (cfu ml-1) of strains B58 and PV6 were cultured from nasal washings during the next 25 days. In contrast, only 10(1.0)-10(2.8) cfu ml-1 of strain B65 were recovered during the same period. Only pigs infected with strain B58 had turbinate atrophy when they were slaughtered 25 days after infection and neutralising antibody to cytotoxin was detected only in these pigs. These results suggested that the cytotoxin, which may be the same as the mouse lethal and dermonecrotic factors, was the cause of turbinate atrophy. They also support the view that the adhesin for calf erythrocytes is required for colonisation of the nasal cavity in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Short-term effect of argon plasma coagulation of the inferior turbinate in patients with perennial nasal allergy.

The aim of this study was to clarify the short-term effects of argon plasma coagulation (APC) of the inferior turbinate in patients with perennial nasal allergy. In a retrospective study, 32 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis were treated by inferior turbinate reduction using APC. Grades of nasal stuffiness, rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasal airflow resistance (NAR) and overall seriousness were evaluated before and then 1-4 and 8 weeks after APC. Subjective symptoms were assessed using a questionnaire in which nasal stuffiness, rhinorrhea and sneezing were graded on a four-point scale (severe, moderate, mild and none) using the Severity Criteria of Symptoms of Nasal Allergy issued by the Japanese Society of Allergology. NAR was measured using active anterior rhinomanometry (AAR) at the 100 Pa point; this was deemed to be an objective measurement of nasal obstruction. The numbers of patients examined before and 1-4 and 8 weeks after APC were 32, 31, 25, 17, 18 and 14, respectively. Both nasal stuffiness and NAR were significantly improved 2 weeks after APC, overall seriousness was significantly improved after 3 weeks and rhinorrhea was improved after 4 weeks. Sneezing did not significantly improve during this study. There was no significant change in the grades of the examined parameters during the period between 4 and 8 weeks after APC. The beneficial effects of APC begin to appear within 2 weeks after APC and no further improvement after about 4 weeks.

Adolescent↗