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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Pharmacokinetics of 99mTc(Sn)- and 131I-labeled anti-carcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody fragments in nude mice.

The biodistribution, radioimmunoimaging, and high pressure liquid chromatography activity profiles of 99mTc(Sn) and 131I-labeled anti-carcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody fragments were compared. Nude mice, bearing specific (colon carcinoma, LS174T) and nonspecific (pancreatic carcinoma, MIA) xenografts were given injections of the respective radiolabeled antibody fragments and also of irrelevant 125I-labeled antibody fragments (MOPC-21). The animals were imaged at 24 h after being given injections, they were sacrificed, and biodistribution studies were performed. Results of the study showed high kidney uptake [48.6% injected dose (ID)/g +/- 8.1% (SD)] and low tumor uptake (1.5% ID/g +/- 0.6%) for 99mTc(Sn)-labeled fragments and higher uptake (4.4% ID/g +/- 0.6%) for 131I-labeled fragments, resulting in a higher localization index for the radioiodinated monoclonal antibody fragments. Imaging results showed good tumor visualization at 24 h after injection for the 131I-labeled fragments and poor tumor visualization with predominant kidney uptake for 99mTc(Sn)-labeled fragments. After radiolabeling, high pressure liquid chromatography analysis indicated that 131I was primarily associated with F(ab')2 fragments, whereas 99mTc was mostly associated with Fab' fragments.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometric determination of Vendex, an organic tin miticide, in apples, oranges, and tea leaves.

A method is described for the determination of an organic tin insecticide, Vendex or hexakis(2-methyl-2-phenylpropyl)distannoxane (HMPD). Tin compounds are extracted from the sample homogenate with ethyl ether containing 1% acetic acid. HMPD and its degradation products are separated through a silica gel column, and analyzed by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer coupled with a heated graphite atomizer. By this technique, as little as 5 ng HMPD and its degradation products can be determined with an average recovery of 67-96%.

Citrus↗
PubMed1984

Accuracy or inaccuracy of spleen mass measurements from radionuclide images.

In a retrospective study, scintigraphic spleen size was compared with actual spleen weight. Using the formula W = pi/7 h (h2 + 3ab), the normal weight was calculated too large and splenic enlargement was calculated too small. Other scintigraphic parameters seem to be just as unreliable. We suggest to judge scintigraphic spleen mass as normal and only be enlarged in obvious situations.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effect of topical application of stannous fluoride, stannous chloride and stannous tartrate on rat caries.

Topical application of 10 mM aqueous solutions of stannous fluoride inhibited caries in rats to a higher degree than 20 mM sodium fluoride, although the difference was not statistically significant. Furthermore, stannous fluoride reduced the number of Strep. mutans in plaque significantly; stannous ions have an antibacterial effect. Stannous chloride and stannous tartrate did not reduce caries in the rats, probably because of the low concentrations of available stannous ions in these solutions at low pH. The high concentration of stannous ions in solutions of stannous fluoride is probably partly due to the reduced hydroxide formation resulting from the buffering effect of HF formed at low pH in this solution.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1982

[Localization diagnosis and differential diagnosis of postoperative intraperitoneal abscesses using 99m technetium-stannum-colloid-marked granulocytes].

Occult intraperitoneal abscesses are difficult to locate and dispose of. Therefore, a method of examination is needed that is specific, can be used at any time, is not expensive, and yields early results within 2-3 h. This seems possible with a new methods of examination. 99mTc-Sn colloid was used to label autologous polymorphonuclear leukocytes which, when reinjected, emigrate to the site of the suspected abscess. Standard scintigraphy localizes the labeled inflammatory cells. In 32 surgical patients, 34 scans were performed with good results (controlled by greyscale ultrasound); 17 (53.1%) scans represented intraperitoneal abscesses; 3 (9.4%) scans demonstrated true positive extra-abdominal inflammations.

Abscess↗
PubMed1981

[Microbiological investigations with decentral dosing apparatuses for disinfectants. Part 1: investigations of cell number (author's transl)].

Cell numbers have been investigated for several months in disinfectant solutions which were measured out with tap water by decentral automatically dosing apparatuses. They differed not only quantitatively but also qualitatively with respect to the products used: With one product on the bases of aldehydes + organic tin compound 3 h after samples have been collected up to 100 bacteria/100 ml could be cultivated. Thus, cell numbers in disinfectant solutions were in the same range of cell numbers of tap water. Sometimes the cell numbers in both substrates seem to go parallel (Fig. 1). The bacterial compositions in both were similar (Table 3); gramnegative, yellow bacteria of the genera Pseudomonas and Flavobacterium dominated. After the disinfectant in one apparatus has been substituted by one which is composed of aldehydes + a quaternary ammonium compound cell numbers rapidly and permanently decreased to the limit of detectability. Only coryneform bacteria survived for a longer time which were characterized (Tab. 4) but not determined taxonomically. Their facultatively methylotrophic growth was conspicuously.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1994

Sensitivity of radionuclide bolus transport and videofluoroscopic studies compared with manometry in the detection of achalasia.

OBJECTIVE: The sensitivity of radionuclide bolus transport and videofluoroscopic studies to confirm manometrically revealed achalasia was investigated prospectively in 77 patients with symptoms indicative of disordered esophageal motor function. METHODS: The studies were performed in random order and were analyzed blindly by strict diagnostic criteria. Transport of radiolabeled water was recorded for 2 min with patients supine. Videofluoroscopy assessed three swallows in prone oblique and one in upright position. Manometry employed four pressure sensors in the esophageal body and the Dent sleeve in the lower esophageal sphincter. RESULTS: Radionuclide and videofluoroscopic studies confirmed 25 and 15, respectively, of 37 manometrically diagnosed achalasias and provided indications for the disorder in another 8 and 16 patients. Using information from both studies increased the sensitivity to detect achalasia from 68% and 41%, respectively, to 73%, and increased detection of disordered esophageal motor function from 81% and 74% to 92%. CONCLUSION: Radionuclide and videofluoroscopic studies represent valuable and complementary, although relatively insensitive, procedures to detect achalasia.

Colloids↗
PubMed1994

[Subacute toxicity of triphenyltin acetate (TPTA) in the rabbit: clinical observations and hematologic, hematochemical and enzymatic changes].

Twenty-eight immature male rabbits were divided into four experimental groups and administered a standard diet containing respectively 0, 15, 75 and 150 ppm of triphenyltin acetate (TPTA) for 70 days. The highest dose group showed a decrease in erythrocyte count, haemoglobin content and packed cell volume. As early as on day 35, leucopenia and lymphopenia were recorded in all treated groups, thereby confirming the well-known immunosuppressive activity of organo-tin compounds. Both total serum protein and albumin levels apparently altered by TPTA treatment. Conversely, there was a dose-dependent increase for both alpha 2-globulin fraction and blood urea nitrogen serum levels, suggesting a possible renal involvement.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[A case of achalasia evaluated with esophageal scintigraphy in terms of efficacy with endoscopic pneumatic dilatation].

The therapeutic effects on pneumatic dilatation were evaluated quantitatively by radionuclide transit study using 99mTc-Sn colloid in an achalasia patient. After dilatation, transit time (T3/4) with distilled water has improved from 13.5 seconds to 5.5 seconds. Radionuclide transit study using 99mTc-Sn colloid was a preferable method to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment quantitatively in an achalasia.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Ultratag RBC kit for combined cardiac first-pass and multigated acquisition studies.

UNLABELLED: The authors developed a procedure to use the in vitro Ultratag (Mallinckrodt, St. Louis, MO) red blood cell (RBC) labeling kit for both first-pass (FP) and multigated acquisition (MUGA) studies with a high specific activity in a reduced volume (50 mCi/0.5 ml) and a high labeling efficiency that can be used with a single-crystal camera to yield a quality study. METHODS: A packed red blood cell (PRBC) bolus was created by two methods: (a) reducing the volume of the components of the Ultratag kit and (b) centrifuging the final dose volume. The labeling efficiency of each bolus was evaluated, each PRBC bolus was visually inspected for clots and percent hemolysis was assessed using a hemocytometer at 30 min, 1 hr and 2 hr postcentrifugation. RESULTS: Use of the first method, the 50% kit, provided the best results. However, the resulting volume from this kit only approached 1 ml, which is not clinically adequate for a first-pass study. In the second method, the total volume was centrifuged to form a PRBC bolus, which appeared to be stable in the syringe for at least 2 hr. A combined FP/MUGA study from a centrifuged 50% reduced kit was performed in one normal subject as a preliminary assessment of the clinical utility of this procedure. The image quality of the scan is diagnostically adequate. CONCLUSION: By using the in vitro Ultratag kit, a compact PRBC bolus was created that was stable in the syringe and could be reinjected safely into the patient for combined cardiac FP/MUGA studies.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1997

[Cytocompatibility of dental alloys containing palladium].

The cytoxicity and the 50% lethal concentration (LC50) has been assessed in vitro by the colony forming method in extracts of 5 precious or semiprecious alloys and of oxides and chlorides of the metal contained in these alloys: Pd, Ag, Cu, Zn, Sn, In and Ga. All alloy extracts in culture medium induced cell death depending on their composition. In, Ga and Sn compounds showed the most favorable cell viability, Cu and Ag salts induced the lowest survival rate.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1997

Promising new dental materials on the horizon.

The rapidly evolving field of materials science is providing dentistry with new treatments and alternatives. Calcium phosphate materials are under development for bone repair and replacement, root surface desensitization, and for caries prevention, by greatly increasing the remineralizing efficiency of fluorides. Composites fabricated from calcium phosphates and polymers may have application as pulp capping and cavity-basing materials. An alternative to mercury dental amalgam is being investigated; it is composed of silver powders that are cold-welded in the presence of a dilute acid. These materials are only a few of the technologies that may profoundly affect the future delivery of dental care.

Animals↗