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PubMed1975

Spontaneous and estrogen-produced tumors in Nb rats and their behavior after transplantation.

Tumors in rats of the Nb strain, arising either spontaneously or after prolonged treatment with s.c. pellets of estrogen, were transplanted to establish whether hormone conditioning was required for their growth. Whereas all spontaneous tumors arising in males and many of those in females were autonomous on transplant, most of those arising in estrogenized rats continued to require hormones for growth after transplantation. The latter included carcinomas of the adrenal cortex, breast, pituitary ectopic tissue, ovary (thecomas), Leydig cells of testis, thymus, pancreas,salivary glands, oribital gland (fibroadenoma), liposarcoma, and lymphoma. Many of the tissues of origin of the tumors have not been considered to be under theinfluence of estrogens. A type of hormone-responsive tumor that was inhibited by estrogen and that grew only in normal rats is described. Ali estrogens tested, including estriol , were interchangeable in action. The incidence of the more common tumors of the adrenal, breast, and pituitary was very low in normal rats, but higher in females. All tumors were more common after estrogenization in both sexes, particularyly in older animals. The secretion of steroids and pitiutary hormones by many tumors led to obvious biological effects. Pituitary secretion led to severe lesions frequently associated with diseases in humans, but the signs of such diseases in the rat apparently were hormone dependent and disappeared if the tumor was removed. The overall results raised the possiblity that estrogens were not carcinogenic per se but stimulated the growth of previously altered cells and that, following their transplantation, this hormone requirement was retained. Irrespective of the mechanism of carcinogenesis, hormone-dependent tumor growth was not irreversible but was controlled in an unexpectedly wide spectrum of organs by exogenous estrogen. Host factors may play a major role in controlling the growth of many tumors and the ultimate course of the disease.

Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms↗
PubMed1975

A classification of transplantable tumors in Nb rats controlled by estrogen from dormancy to autonomy.

Transplantable tumor lines were previously established from a variety of estrogen-induced tumors in Nb rats, including tumors of the adrenal cervix, salivary gland, and pancreas, a lymphoma, and a liposarcoma. Spontaneous tumors, however, were found to arise in untreated females and showed the same characteristics. Tumor growth was dependent upon or influenced by estrogen when assessed in estrogenized and unconditioned hosts. Intermitten estrogenization was effective, but tumor growth took place more slowly. The type of response observed led to a new classification of five types of hormone-responsive tumors including tumors inhibited by estrogen. Estrogen-dependent tumor cells might remain dormant indefinitely and not grow in unconditioned animals until stimulated to grow by estrogen. The growth rate of hormone-dependent adrenal carcinomas was related to the amount of estrogen. Tumor growth started more rapidly in the presence of low estrogen dose levels in old rats used as hosts than it did in young rats. Breast carcinomas required the largest amount of estrogen for growth, whereas ovarian thecomas would grow in normal females but not in males. The growth rate in conditioned hosts of most transplanted tumors (some have maintained hormone dependency over 10 years) increased over successive generations. Progression, however, towards a more autonomous state after repeated transplantations was remarkably slow, and a sudden change to autonomy was rarely noted. In contrast, transplants of 9,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary carcinomas progressed rapidly to autonomy. Fould's concept of progression (2, 3) has been discussed but the described classification of tumors under hormone influence apparently allows a more detailed analysis of definition of different types of progression.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

Trisomy 12 in pediatric granulosa-stromal cell tumors. Demonstration by a modified method of fluorescence in situ hybridization on paraffin-embedded material.

The use of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to detect chromosomal abnormalities has many applications. Use of FISH on archival, paraffin-embedded material has been limited to microscopic sections. We have carried out FISH on preparations of disaggregated nuclei obtained from paraffin-embedded tissue to evaluate chromosome 12 copy number in granulosa-stromal cell neoplasms occurring in infants, children, and adolescents. Trisomy 12 was detected in the majority of cells from three of four juvenile granulosa cell tumors (three ovarian and one testicular) and one malignant granulosa cell tumor. Tetrasomy 12 was observed in a case of ovarian thecoma.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed2004

[Sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary. Report of 3 cases].

Sclerosing Stromal Tumor (SST) is an uncommon benign tumor of the ovary, distinct from thecoma and fibroma because of predominant occurrence below 30 years of age, lack of hormonal manifestations and histologic heterogenity. Three cases of SST occuring in a 15, 26 and 56-year-old females are reported. Review of the literature and clinicopathological features are described in the present article. Histogenesis and differential diagnosis are also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Clinical analysis of benign pelvic mass with high serum levels of CA(125)].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate serum CA(125) levels and the value of serum CA(125) in differential diagnosis of benign pelvic mass. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 492 patients with benign pelvic mass, including 237 cases of benign ovarian tumor and 255 other benign gynecological diseases. Sixty cases of ovarian epithelial cancer were randomly chosen as control group. RESULTS: The median of serum CA(125) in patients with pelvic tuberculosis, uterine adenomyosis, ovarian endometriosis and ovarian fibroma were all higher than the cut-off level of CA(125) (35 kU/L), being 465.0, 88.9, 59.0 and 44.5 kU/L, respectively. Those of ovarian epithelial cancer patients were significantly higher than in benign pelvic mass (P < 0.01). The highest value of CA(125) among all the benign cases was 1281.0 kU/L, which was seen in a case of ovarian thecoma. The highest median value was 465.0 kU/L, detected in a patient with pelvic tuberculosis. CONCLUSIONS: Serum CA(125) levels in some benign pelvic mass are higher than the cut-off level of CA(125), such as pelvic tuberculosis, uterine adenomyosis, ovarian fibroma and ovarian endometriosis. The medians of serum CA(125) in benign pelvic mass are much lower than in ovarian epithelial cancer. Serum CA(125) is of significance in the differential diagnosis between hysteromyoma and uterine adenomyosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary in a 30-year-old woman. A case report and review of the literature].

Sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary (SST) is an extremely rare neoplasm occurring predominantly in the second and third decades of life. It is a distinct benign neoplasm that differs from fibromas, thecomas, luteinized tumors and lipoid cell tumors. It presents most often with non-specific symptoms. We describe the case of a 30-year-old woman who developed menstrual irregularities and pelvic pain. She was diagnosed and treated operatively at our Department. During surgery, a benign tumor was found in the right ovary. Light microscopic and ultrastructural study confirmed the diagnosis of sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Identification of carotenoids in ovarian tissue in women.

Epidemiological and clinical studies have revealed that vitamin A and its derivatives (carotenoids and retinoids) can reduce the risk of ovarian tumours and may have a role in the metabolism of patients with ovarian cancer. The aim of the study was identification and quantitative assessment of carotenoids found in nature, mainly of provitamin A group, in the tissue material obtained from patients with different lesions of the ovaries. Material for analysis was obtained from 100 women, aged 16-74, operated on for ovarian tumours in the Department of Gynaecology. Carotenoid pigments were separated using column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. In the tissue material subjected to analysis, 14 carotenoids were identified, including provitamin A carotenoids; beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, echinenone and hydroxyechinenone. alpha-carotene was not found. In the whole group of pathological lesions, the total carotenoid content was relatively low (mean 1.717 microg/g tissue) and the mean content of provitamin A carotenoids was 17.28%. These results are similar to results obtained in the group of normal ovarian tissue. In the group of benign mucinous tumours (1.042 microg/g tissue) and tumours in the thecoma-fibroma group (1.328 microg/g tissue) and dysgerminoma group (1.279 microg/g tissue), the total carotenoid content was lower. Only in the endometriosis group was this value higher (2.185 microg/g tissue). Epoxy carotenoids; lutein epoxide, violaxanthin and mutatoxanthin were predominant (in %). Irrespective of histological classification, beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, lutein epoxide, violaxanthin and mutatoxanthin were identified in all tissue examined. Antheraxanthin was isolated in all tissue except for normal ovarian tissue, serous malignant and mucinous benign and malignant tumours, endometrioid malignant tumours, dermoid cysts, corpus luteum cysts and simple cysts. Hydroxyechinenone was isolated sporadically. Only in one case was capsanthin isolated. Carotenoids act as chemopreventive agents, irrespective of whether they are finally transformed into vitamin A, and may represent a potentially powerful alternative to present chemotherapeutic approaches to the treatment of ovarian cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Meigs' syndrome in a young woman with a normal serum CA-125 level.

We report on a 27-year-old woman who presented with an ovarian solid tumor (20 x 15 cm) and massive ascites. A physical examination and chest X-ray revealed a moderate amount of pleural effusion on the right side. Cytologic study of the pleural effusion showed reactive mesothelial cells without evidence of malignancy. Gram's stain was negative. The blood chemistry was within normal limits. The serum CA-125 level was 22 (normal, < 35) U/ml, the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level was 8 (normal, < 20) ng/ml, and the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was 0.5 (normal, < 5) ng/ml. An explorative laparotomy revealed approximately 1500 ml of serous ascites and a very large multilobulated left adnexal mass (20 x 15 cm) with no malignant cytology in the ascitic fluid. Postoperatively, the pleural effusion spontaneously resolved, and the microscopic examination revealed a benign fibroma-thecoma, confirming the diagnosis of Meigs' syndrome. The symptoms resolved after removal of this pelvic tumor. This is an unusual case of a young female with Meigs' syndrome and a normal serum CA-125 level.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Primary leiomyoma of the ovary in a young woman: literature review and report of a case.

Ovarian leiomyoma is a rare tumor. We present a case of ovarian leiomyoma in a 32-year-old virgin with the complaint of dysmenorrhea for six months. On magnetic resonance imaging, a 6 cm x 4 cm mass in the left ovary exhibiting hypointense signals on both T1-weighted and T2-weighted images was initially considered to be fibroma and/or thecoma. However, after surgery the pathological diagnosis of the removed tumor was leiomyoma of the left ovary. The literature on this rare tumor was also reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Ovarian granulosa-stromal cell tumors are characterized by trisomy 12.

Eleven ovarian granulosa-stromal cell tumors including 1 thecoma, 2 fibromas, 6 fibrothecomas, and 2 granulosa cell tumors, were karyotyped after direct harvest and/or short-term tissue culture. Bilateral fibrothecomas from one patient appeared to lack cytogenetic aberrations: the remaining nine tumors were characterized by trisomy for chromosome 12. Cytogenetic aberrations in the two granulosa cell tumors were much less complex than those described previously in undifferentiated carcinomas; accordingly cytogenetic analyses might be useful in distinguishing these categories. The consistent occurrence of trisomy 12 in different varieties of granulosa-stromal cell tumors suggests a common mechanism of oncogenesis within this diverse group of neoplasms. That mechanism probably involves promotion of low-grade, orderly cell proliferation.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12↗
PubMed1989

Meigs syndrome and elevated CA 125.

A patient presented with a pelvic mass, ascites, and pleural effusion. The serum CA 125 level was noted to be 226 U/mL (normal 5-35 U/mL). On surgical exploration, she had a benign fibroma-thecoma without malignant cytology in the ascitic fluid. Postoperatively, the pleural effusion resolved and the CA 125 decreased to 32 U/mL. This is the first reported case of Meigs syndrome and an elevated CA 125 level. As previously documented, elevated serum CA 125 does not always indicate malignancy.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Modelling of ovarian tumors in rats].

The investigation of ovary tumours induced by different methods has revealed their highest frequency (75%) and shortest latent period (4 months) when the ovaries were transplanted into the spleen. The incidence of ovary tumours induced by carcinogens, androgen, subtotal castration and irradiation accounted for 14-28%. Histological picture of the ovary tumours (granulosa cell tumours, granulosa-thecoma, luteoma) was identical in all the experimental groups.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomography of benign ovarian masses.

Although ultrasound is the primary imaging modality for evaluating benign gynecologic pelvic masses, CT may provide diagnostic information regarding ovarian masses that are discovered fortuitously. The relatively infrequent use of CT in evaluating the adnexa has resulted in a paucity of literature regarding the CT characteristics of benign ovarian masses. The CT appearances of 24 benign ovarian masses are presented. Pathologic diagnoses were ovarian cyst (nine), endometrioma (five), teratoma (three), serous cystadenoma (two), mucinous cystadenoma (two), thecoma (one), cystadenofibroma (one), and Brenner tumor (one). Benign ovarian cysts have characteristic homogeneous water density and smooth walls on CT. Single internal septations and slight wall irregularity are also common features, but soft-tissue mural or septal nodules are uncommon. Computed tomography can be diagnostic in evaluating cystic teratomas. Other benign ovarian masses exhibit a spectrum of CT appearances that is often nonspecific, and surgical or biopsy proof may be necessary to exclude malignancy.

Cystadenoma↗
PubMed1974

Ultrastructure of the gonad in the testicular feminization syndrome.

The ultrastructural findings on the gonad from a patient with testicular feminization syndrome (TFS) are reported. One gonad was the site of dysgerminoma. The other was a dysgenetic testis composed of seminiferoud and Sertoli cell tubules and ovarian cortical stroma-like tissue. Ultrastructurally the tubules were lined by immature Sertoli cells and cells indistinguishable from dark ovarian stromal cells. Similar and/or identical cells were found in the ovarian-like stroma and in the interstitial tissue between the tubules. There were mature and immature Leydig cells in the intertubular areas. The ovarian cortical-like tissue contained dark and light cells like the normal ovary. Some of the dark cells contained fat droplets like thecoma cells. All these findings point to the dysgenetic nature of the gonad in the TFS as well as the functional activity and or inactivity of certain cells found in it.

Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome↗
PubMed1983

[Tumors of the ovaries in zebus].

In a total of 112 slaughtered sterile cows of the Zebu cattle, originating from the Camaguey region, Cuba, 25 tumors were found in 22 animals (in three of the cows the tumors were bilateral). Histologically, the tumors were differentiated as follows: 1 papillary adenoma, 6 papillary cystadenomas, 1 adenocarcinoma, 1 papillary adenocarcinoma, 8 granulosocellular tumors, 1 thecoma, 2 luteomas, 4 hemangiomas, and 1 angiocarcinoma. In two of the cases, beside tumors there were in the ovaries parovarian cysts. The differentiation of the tumors were made on the basis of the international histologic classification of tumors of the World Health Organization. Most frequently, the tumors turned out to be granulosocellular ones as well as papillary cystadenomas and hemangiomas.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Recurrent and metastasizing hemangiopericytoma of the meninges with paraneoplastic hypoglycemia].

Primary meningeal hemangiopericytomas (formerly referred to as angioblastic meningiomas) are by most authors no longer considered to be actual meningiomas but rather thought to be intracranial hemangiopericytomas. Their biological behavior is usually malignant, with recurrences and metastases, often at intervals of years. Both intracranial and extracranial hemangiopericytomas may, however rarely, be accompanied by paraneoplastic hypoglycemias. Our own characteristic observations are based on a female patient aged 67 at the time of her death, in whom a meningeal tumor was resected first at the age of 41. Later recurrencies were removed at the age of 52 and 58 respectively. Three years prior to her death liver metastases had developed followed by increasingly frequent attacks of early morning hypoglycemia with blood sugar levels ranging between 1.4-2.3 mmol/l. Specific examinations revealed low endocrine production of insulin and a distinctly decreased insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I of 25 ng/mb (normal 120-130) and a normal value of total IGF II of 724 ng/ml (normal 400-900), though with a big macromolecular share. The observed paraneoplastic hypoglycemia is probably brought about by coincidence of blocked hepatic glucose production, suppressed lipolysis and increased peripheral glucose uptake. Autopsy revealed a third intracranial recurrence of meningeal hemangiopericytoma and a large metastatic liver. No other sites of metastases were found. Histologic, immunohistologic and electron microscopic findings showed the characteristics features of a hemangiopericytoma. Light microscopic pictures of the primary tumor, recurrences and metastases were identical. Additional autopsy findings were a papillary carcinoma of the right kidney, an angiomyolipoma of the left kidney and a thecoma of the left ovary.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[A case of ovarian fibrosarcoma].

We report a case of ovarian fibrosarcoma, one of the least common gynecological tumors. The tumor was a well-circumscribed mass extending from the pelvis to the lower abdomen. The greater part of the tumor was composed of fluid consisting of hemorrhage, degeneration and necrosis. This appeared as a very high-intensity area on T2-weighted MR images. There were also solid portions in the tumor that were shown as enhanced lesions on contrast-enhanced CT. It should be noted that fibrosarcoma can appear as an area of high intensity on T2-weighted MR images, although it belongs to the fibroma-thecoma group.

Female↗