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Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is an uncommon B cell disorder, and familial HCL is rarely encountered among the first degree relatives of HCL patients. A father and son, both of whom developed hairy cell leukemia, is presented in this report. The HLA haplotype shared by the father and son was A2, B18, BW6, CW7, DR3, DR10, and DQ8. Among these haplotypes, HLA A2 and Bw6 have previously been reported.
The author uses the material of Korean myths and folktale and from a patient to understand the way in which the Oedipus complex is negotiated and resolved in Korean society. In Korean myth and folktale a benign and supportive pre-oedipal father-son relationship is more appreciated and encouraged than the competition and rivalry in the oedipal father-son relationship. Consequently, in Korean myth the boy can develop balanced masculinity through the father's encouragement and protection and set out on his own journey to be a man as strong as his father. Oedipus, in contrast, was abandoned by the parent, which led him to act out his unconscious desire to kill the father, ending with total destruction. The difficulties of applying western-based psychoanalytic theory to Korean culture are discussed. Although we are influenced by historical, social and cultural patterns of external reality, we are more influenced by our unconscious than we are aware of, which enables us to share current psychoanalytic knowledge to understand Korean myths and patients without much deviation.
In a group of delinquent adolescent boys, the sons of alcoholic fathers (N = 16) did not differ from the sons of nonalcoholic fathers (N = 25) on either the number or pattern of features characterizing hyperactivity-minimal brain dysfunction. The findings suggest that childhood hyperactivity cis not a risk factor specific to alcoholism.
The possible generalization to diazepam of the dampened response to ethanol in sons of alcoholic fathers was evaluated in 62 sons of alcoholics (family history positive [FHP] subjects) and 62 family history negative (FHN) controls (124 men). Following challenges with placebo, .12 and .2 mg/kg of diazepam in three separate sessions, evaluation of subjective feelings and increases in body sway revealed no decreased reaction for FHPs.
OBJECTIVE: A low level of response (LR) to alcohol has been shown to predict a high future risk for alcoholism. Studies to date have incorporated both alcoholism family history positive (FHP) and negative (FHN) subjects, but no prospective investigation has evaluated the predictive power of LR among the higher risk FHP individuals alone. If LR can be adequately evaluated without considering FHN controls, future studies of this high risk group can be done more efficiently. METHOD: As part of a larger study, at an average of over 8 years after original testing, alcoholic outcomes were evaluated with personal interviews for 133 white sons of alcoholic fathers. The development of alcoholism for men whose LR scores at about age 20 fell into the lower third of intensity was compared to the development of alcoholism for men whose LR scores fell above the median. RESULTS: The high and low extremes on LR resulted in an 85.0% sensitivity and 58.9% specificity regarding the prediction of future alcoholism in sons of alcoholics. These results remained robust even after controlling for the quantity and frequency of alcohol intake at the time of original testing. CONCLUSIONS: The data indicate that future research on the relationship between LR and the risk for alcoholism in FHPs can be carried out with a single intoxicating dose of alcohol and without FHN controls.
We report two cases of adult T-cell leukemia in which the disease developed in a mother, aged 62 years, and her son, aged 41 years, less than four months apart. Both mother and son showed abnormal karyotypes and high titers of adult T-cell leukemia-associated antibody.
In the XIXth century, Pierre-Joseph and Edouard Van Beneden were the two most prominent zoologists in Belgium. If one looks for other cases of father and son having both lead eminent scientific careers, a definite kinship is usually observed. But in the present instance, the publication of the Origin of Species by Darwin in 1859 gave rise to a drastic antithesis. The father remained a convinced creationist and an authoritative representative of the catholic religion while the son became an unconditional Darwinist and an atheist. He was not only the bright teacher, the passionate research worker and the great scientific leader reported by his pupils. His behaviour was also typical of a provocative scientist of the end of the XIXth century and a great stoic.
The early Hoabinian, the Neolithic Da But and the Dong Son (early Metal age) civilized peoples in northern Vietnam were investigated based on dental morphology and were compared with specimens from surrounding Northeast and Southeast Asia including Australians and Melanesians. In both the metric and nonmetric tooth traits, the Hoabinian and Da But specimens had dental features similar to the prehistoric Southeast Asians and the Australo-Melanesians, but also had partially Northeast Asian characteristics. On the other hand, the Northeast Asian features become distinct in the dentition of the Dong Son people, which have close ties with the modern Vietnamese. Thus, the Vietnamese, as well as the other modern Southeast Asians and Japanese, are considered to be a blend of indigenous Southeast Asians who are closely related to the Australo-Melanesian lineage, and migrants from Northeast Asia.
The clinical pattern of psychoactive drug addiction (PDA) was investigated in 41 father-son dads. Seven clinical characteristics were taken into consideration: The age at the onset of systematic PDA abuse; the rate of addiction development; the severity of the withdrawal syndrome; rate of progression, the form of drug abuse; the duration and quality of remissions; somatoneurologic consequences; and the clinical picture as a whole. These characteristics was evaluated in the members of each dad in terms of more or less severity. There is a strong tendency for more severe clinical picture in sons as compared with their fathers. The findings support the hypothesis that there is anticipation in the representatives of two generations of the families with drug dependence.
A Thai mother and son with distal symphalangism and other associated abnormalities are reported. Distal and middle phalanges of fingers and toes 2-5 were either aplastic/hypoplastic or fused between the corresponding digits. The second fingers and fourth fingernails were most severely affected in both patients. The mother's hands were less severely affected; the middle and distal phalanges of her hands were malformed and fused. Besides the absence of fusion lines, the shape of the fused middle and distal phalanges was quite different from that of other types of fusion, i.e., fused bones in both patients did not maintain the normal configuration of bone, referring to as "middle-distal phalangeal complex". Distal symphalangism was observed in toes 2-5 of the mother and in toe 3 of the son. Both patients had additional clinical manifestations such as narrowing of the zygomatic arch, dental pulp stone, microdontia of a mandibular permanent central incisor, cone-shaped epiphyses of middle phalanges of fingers, and absence of scaphoid, trapezium, trapezoid, and pisiform bones. Mutation analysis of NOG and ROR2, the genes responsible for proximal symphalangism and brachydactyly type B, respectively, was negative.
The Government of Gujarat, India, has implemented a program designed to promote family planning by providing parents with a "retirement income" that is independent of the work of sons. Under the program, couples with 1 daughter would receive Rs 1000 in social security certificates when they join the program and Rs 18,000 in cash after 10 years. Couples with two daughters would receive Rs 5000 in certificates and Rs 15,000 in cash; couples with three daughters would receive Rs 4000 in certificates and Rs 12,000 in cash; and couples with four or more daughters would receive Rs 3000 in certificates and Rs 9000 in cash. In order to qualify for the program, the following guidelines must by satisfied: 1) the wife must not be more than 33 years old; 2) the husband or wife must have undergone a sterilization operation after producing only one or more daughters--but no sons; and 3) in cases where the couple has only one daughter, the child must be three years old or younger.
Victor Moreau (1746-1799) and his son (1778-1846) were surgeons in Bar-le-Duc (French Department of Meuse). Victor Moreau invented the first joint resection technique in 1782 and submitted written comments to the "Académie Royale de Chirurgie" in 1782 then 1786 and 1789. At that time amputation was the only way of saving wounded and injured patients' lives and a conservative technique was an actual revolution in bone and joint surgery. His friend Pierre-François Percy was transmitted the technique in 1792. His son improved the technique and attempted to put it into widespread use through his thesis (1803) and the most famous essay of his in 1816. However the technique did not immediately succeed till Leopold Ollier's works proved the "bone regeneration by the periosteum" and the role of the "sub-capsular periosteum resection". Nowadays in spite of prosthesis progress some joint résections can be still indicated. At last Victor Moreau can be deemed the pioneer of the functional limb surgery.
The occurrence of familial aortic dissection is rare in cases that are not linked to Marfan syndrome. We report the 3 cases of acute aortic dissection, involving both parents and their son. Case 1 (father case): 79-year-old male visited a nearby doctor complaining of severe chest and back pain. He was diagnosed as acute aortic dissection (Stanford type A). An emergency operation was carried out and he had an artificial vascular replacement of ascending aorta and arch portion. Case 2 (mother case): 73-year-old female was treated for hypertension. Suddenly, she had a terrible epigastralgia and back pain. The contrast enhanced chest computed tomography (CT) revealed an acute aortic dissection (Stanford type A). The ascending aortic aneurysm ruptured in the ambulance while she was transferred to our hospital. She arrived at our hospital after cardiac and respiratory arrest. We attempted to perform cardiac massage, but we could not bring her back to life. Case 3 (son case): 48-year-old male was transferred to our hospital diagnosed with acute aortic dissection (Stanford type A). The ascending aorta replacement was performed on the same day. We were able to save cases 1 and 3 by performing surgery. Aortic dissection is thought to be the disease of medial degeneration. Hereditary links to aortic dissection are not well understood, with the exception of Marfan syndrome cases. The investigation of genetic mechanisms related to aortic dissection will be expected in the future.
We reported a 49-year-old mother and her 28-year-old son with autosomal dominantly inherited bulbar spinal muscular atrophy (AD-BSMA). They showed progressive bulbar paresis, muscle wasting and weakness dominant in the proximal groups of limb muscles, and finger tremor. Onset of illness was in adult life. In laboratory examinations, elevated creatine kinase in serum and neurogenic changes either in EMG or muscle biopsy were noted. The son had neither gynecomastia nor abnormal sexual hormone levels which were observed in the sex-linked recessive bulbar spinal muscular atrophy (SR-BSMA). Elongation due to the CAG repeats at the androgen receptor gene of the X chromosome in SR-BSMA was not detected. In conclusion, it is clear that AD-BSMA is different from SR-BSMA on the basis of clinical and genetical aspects.
Two cases of fixed drug eruption, occurring in a mother and son, are presented. The eruption in the mother occurred after she ingested dimenhydrinate or acetylsalicylic acid and in the son after ingestion of either of the above drugs or with "junk" food (cheese crisps). Apart from the drugs, anxiety was found to be an essential factor in the manifestation of the mother's disease. A genetic predisposition would seem to link these cases.
Sperm donation is a common practice in assisted reproduction. In cases of azoospermia and negative results of testicular sperm extraction, it appears as the only solution. Sperm donation entails a complete genetic dissociation between husband and offspring, which brings psychological stress for the couple arising from ethical and existential dilemmas. Faced with such dilemmas, some couples prefer father-to-son donation as an alternative solution. Here, three cases of non-obstructive azoospermia are presented where intracytoplasmic sperm injection was performed with father-to-son sperm donation.
Mae Hong Son Province in northwestern Thailand has a long history of malaria. During the last two decades the province has had one of the highest malaria incidences of all provinces in Thailand. Data were analyzed to determine whether the vector populations were stable or increasing during the last two decades and to determine the seasonal prevalence of the main vectors, and whether or not they were related to the malaria transmission peak, in the wet season. We compiled and analyzed accumulated entomological records from 1977 to 1999. The aim was to investigate long-term changes in mean densities of malaria vectors between two periods (1977-1989 and 1990-1999), and the differences in vector densities between two seasons (wet and dry). A total of 141,144 adult anophelines of 29 species were collected on indoor and outdoor human baits and animal baits during the study period. Of the main malaria vectors, the densities of Anopheles minimus s.l. and Anopheles maculatus complex increased significantly. Anopheles dirus s.l., however, was stable between the two periods. These vector populations were associated with consistently high malaria incidence in the province during the last two decades. An. minimus s.l. density was not significantly different between seasons. However, in the second period, both An. dirus s.l. and An. maculatus complex showed a tendency for higher wet season densities. This can explain the high malaria incidence in the rainy season in Mae Hong Son. Environmental and climatic factors seem to have been favorable for supporting a consistently high vector population in the province, and consequently a high malaria transmission rate during the period of study.
Researchers have differentiated sons of alcoholics (SOA's) from sons of nonalcoholics (non-SOA's) on various measures of physiological activity that appear to be related to the SOA's increased vulnerability to developing alcohol problems. This article summarizes major findings in the literature and discusses the implications of risk-related physiological characteristics for the future development of alcohol problems. SOA's tend to show signs of physiological activity associated with anxiety states, such as increased heart rate in response to stressful stimuli. Studies also demonstrate that SOA's differ greatly from non-SOA's in their response to alcohol. Drinking alcohol dramatically reduces SOAs' reactivity to both stressful and nonstressful stimuli. Additionally, SOA's appear to be less sensitive to alcohol's intoxicating and impairing effects. However, studies also suggest that some SOA's may experience more of alcohol's rewarding effects for a brief period after drinking. Increased stress-dampening and reduced responsiveness to alcohol's negative effects also appear to predict the development of future alcohol problems and may reflect important vulnerabilities in SOA's.