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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Behçet's syndrome and the digestive tract].

Gastrointestinal involvement represents only 14% of the anatomical sites of Behçet's syndrome in France. The various segments of the gastrointestinal tract may be affected. Episodes of mucosal aphthae are more frequent in the oesophagus than in the stomach or duodenum. Intestinal involvement constitutes the major gastrointestinal localisation. Colonic or ileo-colonic lesions may appear after several years of recurrent aphthosis and present in the form of acute complications (perforation, massive haemorrhage) or by prolonged haemorrhagic diarrhoea with marked deterioration in the general state. The radiological and endoscopic signs are similar to those observed in various forms of severe acute colitis such as haemorrhagic proctocolitis or Crohn's disease. The diagnosis of an intestinal localisation of Behçet's syndrome is based on the richness of the extra-intestinal signs and moreover on the presence of deep colonic ulcerations frequently situated in healthy mucosa, the presence of an adjacent non-specific inflammatory infiltrate affecting all of the colonic wall, lesions of vasculitis and perivasculitis with signs of leukocytoclasis and fibrinoid necrosis. Surgical treatment is frequently necessary. The high incidence of ulcerative recurrences in the anastomoses, in which fistulae may also develop, requires extensive intestinal resections or diversions by long-term ileostomies.

Behcet Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Rare adverse reactions to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs.

Excluding the most frequent kinds of problems seen with the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID)--gastritis, peptic ulceration and renal effects--published reports indicate that these drugs may cause a wide variety of rare adverse reactions. The most serious of these are hypersensitivity reactions: blood dyscrasias (aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia), erythema multiforme and hepatitis. Aseptic meningitis and anaphylactoid reactions may strike patients with underlying immunologic abnormalities; urticaria, bronchospasm and proctocolitis may affect aspirin-sensitive patients. Other unusual reactions include several kinds of bullous dermatitis, febrile reactions, pneumonitis, esophageal ulceration, parotitis, pancreatitis and neurological or psychological effects.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1978

Cancer of the colon as a late sequel of pelvic irradiation.

A patient, who developed carcinoma of the rectum nine years following therapeutic radiation for pelvic malignancy is presented. The relationship of radiation to carcinoma of the colon is reviewed. This relationship makes rigorous follow-up of patients with radiation induced chronic proctocolitis essential.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Increased serum beta-2-microglobulin level in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Beta-2-microglobulin (B2m) serum levels were measured by newly developed electroimmunoassay in a group of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Increased serum B2m concentrations were found in 66.7% out of 93 subjects with Crohn's disease and in 56.0% out of 25 subjects with idiopathic proctocolitis. According to the author's view, serum B2m can be regarded as a useful adjunct to other immunological markers in diagnostic evaluation and monitoring of Crohn's disease. The high B2m level may reflect elevated biosynthesis and release from immunologically activated lymphocytes in areas of inflammation.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Rectal mucosa. Malignant and premalignant changes after radiation therapy.

A spectrum of changes that range from crypt basophilia through varying degrees of dysplasia and carcinoma in situ have been observed in the flat, nonraised mucosa of the rectum in patient who received pelvic irradiation for carcinoma of the cervix. This case demonstrates (1) the morphological evidence of the relationship between radiation and large-bowel carcinoma, (2) that large-bowel carcinoma may arise directly from the flat mucosa without having to go through a benign polyp-cancer sequence, (3) that early carcinoma arising from the flat mucosa may clinically resemble radiation proctocolitis, and therefore, (4) that increased vigilance in needed for the follow-up of patients who undergo pelvic irradiation.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Differential diagnosis of ulcerative colitis].

The confusion arising from the misnomer "ulcerative colitis" when used to characterize idiopathic hemorrhagic proctocolitis is emphasized, and an attempt is made in this postgraduate lecture to classify inflammatory bowel disease by subdivision into hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic forms. The limits of such didactic simplifications are stressed and special attention is focused on little-known conditions such as " diversion colitis" and Campylobacter colitis.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1978

Transanal anastomosis in the treatment of low rectal strictures due to tribal enemas.

Enema administration is common in Black tribal communities. In the urban environment, toxic and corrosive ingredients may be used which can lead to severe complications. The diagnosis and principles of treatment of complicated proctocolitis of enema origin are discussed. The management of 2 patients who developed long stricutres extending low into the rectum is described. After subtotal rectal and sigmoid resection, continuity was successfully restored using a transanal sleeve anastomosis. Subsequent continence was normal in both patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Behçet's disease: report of ten cases and of a new clinical manifestation (portal vein thrombosis) (author's transl)].

Ten patients (seven males and three females) with the diagnostic criteria for Behçet's disease are reported. Symptoms began between ages 14 and 37 (mean age 27.9 years), and the time of evolution of the disease varied between one and 23 years (mean 5.7 years). Initial presentation was aphthous stomatitis (three cases), ocular inflammation (three cases), erythema nodosum (one case), arthritis (one case), thrombophlebitis (one case), and hemorrhagic proctocolitis (one case). During the course of the disease the commonest clinical manifestations were oral and genital ulcerations (100%) and ocular (70%), cutaneous (70%), articular (40%), neurological (40%), venous (40%), gastrointestinal (40%) and arterial (10%) involvement. Increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate was a constant feature in all patients. HLA-B5 antigen was determined in four patients, being positive in two of them. Cerebrospinal fluid alterations were present in the four patients with neurological involvement even though three of them never had meningeal symptoms. One patient developed portal hypertension secondary to portal vein thrombosis, and its clinical manifestations are described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Vascular access for hemodialysis. Our experience in 20 years].

A personal series arterio-venous fistulas from the last 20 years is examined. The authors have tried to verify the correctness of their present proctocol which is based on the abolition of those fistulas applied to the anatomic tabac. In fact in some cases they have caused problems of flow, but in other cases they have lasted much longer than any other kind of fistulas.

Catheters, Indwelling↗
PubMed1994

[Tubulointerstitial nephritis caused by mesalazine (5-ASA) agents].

In five patients (4 men aged 34, 20, 22 and 29 years, and a woman of 34 years) tubulo-interstitial nephritis developed during treatment with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) containing drugs for colitis ulcerosa, proctocolitis or Crohn's disease. Two patients had an impaired renal function before treatment with 5-ASA medication. In all patients there was only an incomplete recovery of renal function after cessation of the therapy. It is therefore necessary to monitor renal function regularly in patients receiving 5-ASA containing preparations.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Colonoscopic diagnosis].

Between 1974 and 1992, we perform 3,054 colonoscopies for diagnosis in 2,770 patients, both of sexes, between the ages of 1 and 101 yr, most of them over the fifth decade of life. In 300 procedures the bowel cleansing was made with the standard method of liquid diet and enemas, and in the other 2,754 with the oral administration of saline solution 9% with optimal results. We get the sedation of patients with the intravenous administration of diazepam 10mg, or pethidine 50 mg, or midazolam 2.5 to 5 mg, and in children with ketamine and the anesthesiologist assistance. In 95% of the procedures we can see the cecum and the ileum; the diagnosis was abnormal in 52.78% of cases, normal in 45.20%, and insufficient in 02.02% specially for a bad cleansing of the bowel. In the abnormal group, the most frequent diseases we diagnose were: polyps, cancer, diverticular disease, and specific inflammatory disease of the bowel like TBC, radiation proctosigmoiditis, amebiasis, and non-specific bowel disease: "colitis", ulcerative proctocolitis, erosive colitis, and Crohn's disease. Colonoscopy is a very important method for diagnosis of colon diseases, alone or complementary of double contrast X-ray of the colon.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Iatrogenic diffuse interstitial pneumonia linked to 5-aminosalicylate].

Iatrogenic pneumonias to sulphasalazine are most usually seen during the course of a haemorrhagic proctocolitis (RCH). We report a case in which a young woman was treated with 5-aminosalicylate (Pentasa) and prednisolone during an exacerbation of RCH. After 3 months of treatment the steroid therapy was stopped and the Pentasa was continued at the same dose (3 g per day). She presented with increasing dyspnoea on effort. Clinical examination was normal but a CT scan of the chest showed interstitial micro nodules; there was also a restrictive ventilatory disorder, hypoxaemia on effort and an alveolar eosinophilia (1.8%) The clinical progress, respiratory and blood gases all improved rapidly after stopping the Pentasa with the disappearance of the interstitial nodule over 5 months, suggesting that the role of the Pentasa was causal in the genesis of the pneumonia.

Aminosalicylic Acids↗
PubMed1993

[Chronic idiopathic enterocolitis and pregnancy. Reciprocal repercussions and treatment].

The authors having studied retrospectively 23 pregnancies that were complicated by haemorrhagic proctocolitis or Crohn's disease, try to define by following the literature as well, how these diseases react on fertility and on pregnancy, and how pregnancy reacts on the diseases and the treatments that are available during pregnancy. As far as we know at present, the patients are sub-fertile in cases on ulcerative colitis and normally fertile in cases of Crohn's disease. These illnesses are not exacerbated by pregnancy, but pregnancies are affected by flare-ups of the condition, and therefore should be planned if possible for when the illness is in remission. Previous bowel resection does not alter the course of the pregnancy nor change the methods of delivery. These is no abnormal effect on the fetus or infant due to the treatment, but it is wiser to avoid using Azathioprine during embryogenesis.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1993

[Hepatobiliary disorders in chronic nonspecific intestinal inflammation].

In 1977-1992 chronic inflammatory bowel disease was diagnosed in the gastroenterological department at the Clinic of Pediatrics in 31 children. Idiopathic proctocolitis was diagnosed in 16 children--mean age at the time of diagnosis was 13 years and 9 months. Fifteen children were treated for the diagnosis of Crohn's disease. Their mean age was 12 years and 9 months. During the investigation period all patients were examined regularly with special attention to hepatobiliary disease. Elevated aminotransferase values were observed in four children, three of these children have had permanent elevation of aminotransferase. Percutaneous liver biopsy revealed chronic persistent or active hepatitis. The authors investigated the course of the liver disease in relation to GIT disease. In the discussion they analyze the incidence, etiopathogenesis and type of liver lesions in inflammatory bowel disease with regard to the case-histories of their three patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Carcinoma in non-specific inflammatory intestinal diseases-- epidemiology, clinical aspects, dispensarization].

Idiopathic proctocolitis and Crohn's disease are important precancerous conditions in particular in patients with the onset of the disease at a young age. The causes of colorectal carcinoma in these diseases remain hypothetical. The risk must not be underrated but it is not high enough to justify prophylactic colectomy. The fundamental contribution to dispensary programmes was the discovery of dysplasia, i. e. precancerous changes of the intestinal epithelia. The main method of dispensarization is coloscopy with multiple biopsies of different segments of the colon and rectum. It is recommended to initiate dispensary programmes 10 years after the onset of the disease. Dysplasia is not an ideal marker of the increased risk of carcinoma and other indicators of malignant transformation in intestinal biopsies are intensely sought. The further development of dispensary programmes depends on these efforts and the results of cost-benefit analyses.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Airborne contamination in orthopedic surgery. Evaluation of laminar air flow system and aspiration suit.

The question arises whether, on the basis of our studies, the laminar flow system and aspiration suit should be considered as useful and effective components of the overall proctocol to prevent postoperative surgical infections. Our observations do not permit a definitive answer. This would obviously depend on the demonstration of a reduction of the incidence of postoperative infection by means of a large controlled study. The infection rate encountered in this study can not be used to draw any conclusion as to the efficacy of the laminar flow systems, since there are too many uncontrollable variables which may be influential in causing a post operative wound infection. Published reports and present data seem to indicate that the airborne route of transmission is of little significance in modern surgery and that the amount of wound contamination is not necessarily a reflection of airborne contamination. Thus, the use of the laminar air flow system and aspiration suits, which are clearly designed to prevent wound infection by the airborne route, does not seem to be justified on this basis at the present time. On the other hand, the use of laminar air flow system and/or aspiration suit by necessity imposes a strict discipline in those operating rooms, where multiple personnel are routinely involved; i.e., they reduced the number of personnel in contact with patient, reduce the traffic about the surgical patient, etc., which may have significant benefits towards the control of surgical wound infections. This enforced discipline may very well account for the significant decrease in the number of positive intraoperative wound cultures in this study when laminar air flow systems and/or aspiration suits were in use.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Digestive cytomegalovirus disease in AIDS patients].

BACKGROUND: In this paper we study the digestive manifestations of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in AIDS patients. Also, we evaluate the antiviral treatment and the necessity of maintenance therapy. METHODS: Retrospective review of medical charts of all patients with AIDS and digestive CMV disease diagnosed and followed-up since 1983 to december 1993. RESULTS: Of 720 AIDS patients, 96 presented a CMV disease. Among them, 30 patients (31%) complained digestive manifestations. These were 26 males and 4 females, mean age: 37.4 y-old. Risk factors for HIV were: 13 homosex and 12 intravenous drug abusers. Average of time between AIDS diagnosis and digestive CMV disease: 13.4 months. Fourteen patients had esophagitis, 9 proctocolitis, 3 hepatitis, 3 pancreatitis, 2 gastric ulcerations, one small bowel disease and other an oral ulceration. Two patients had a concomitant CMV chorioretinitis. CD4 lymphocytes were below 0.05 x 10(9)/l in 29 patients. Twenty-four patients received antiviral treatment during the acute disease period, with a clinical curation rate of 60%. Seven patients received maintenance therapy and remained free of CMV disease until death. Eleven patients didn't received maintenance treatment. Of them, one patient presented a digestive relapse and two developed a CMV chorioretinitis. Mortality in the first month from diagnosis was 23% and the median of survival time for patients who cured and initial episode of digestive CMV disease was 208 days, wether or not the patient received maintenance therapy or not. CONCLUSIONS: One third of ours patients with AIDS and CMV infection have a digestive disease. This CMV digestive disease appears in patients with a severe immunosuppression. Acute phase mortality was 23%. The median survival was 7 months, independently or receiving maintenance treatment or not.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Colorectal cancer after pelvic irradiation: case reports.

Four patients with colorectal cancer after pelvic irradiation for gynaecological malignancies are reported. The interval between irradiation and the diagnosis of colorectal cancer was 15-28 years. Histological findings of radiation proctocolitis adjacent to the cancer were observed in all specimens. Ki-67 immunohistologic staining showed high cell proliferation activity in the irradiated mucosa of a recently removed specimen. Although irradiation has not been proved to induce colorectal cancer, considerable circumstantial evidence supports this belief. Awareness of this potential long-term complication is important when planing the follow-up of patients subjected to pelvic radiotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗