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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Transperitoneal oxygenation with fluorocarbons.

This work investigated the improvement of arterial oxygenation in hypoxic rats during peritoneal perfusion with the oxygen-carrying perfluorocarbon blood substitute FC43. Three groups of six Wistar rats were ventilated with hypoxic gas mixtures to obtain an arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) of approximately 55 mm Hg. Two groups were subjected to peritoneal perfusion at 20 ml/min with oxygenated FC43 or the gelatine solution Haemaccel. A third group was sham operated but not perfused. In both perfused groups PaO2 increased significantly, more so in the FC43 group. Carbon dioxide tensions significantly decreased only in the FC43 group. Significant increases in arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation were seen after 15 min in the FC43 group and after 60 min in the Haemaccel group. More than 15% of oxygen consumption could be delivered by peritoneal perfusion with FC43.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Effect of exchange transfusion on the plasma amino acid concentration in hepatic coma].

Exchange transfusion (ET) were made twice on a 22 year old patient with fulminant hepatitis and hepatic coma. The influence of the ET on the plasma amino acids (PAA) was examined. The 1. ET reduced the concentration of the total PAA from 10,023 to 7,152 mugmol/l (about 28.6%) and the 2. ET from 11,770 to 9,706 mugmol/l (about 17.5%). Three hours after the 1. ET the concentration of the total PAA has passed over the prevalue and after the 2. ET has nearly reached it. The influence of both ET on the concentration of the individual PAA was very different (- 47.9% to + 71.2% after the 1. ET and - 32.9% to + 41.8% after the 2. ET respectively). Therefor the ET seems to be not a suitable method to reduce the pathologic concentration of the PAA in the hepatic coma.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Randomised study on histaminelike side-effects of 5 common plasmasubstitutes in orthopedic surgery (author's transl)].

Preceding anaesthesia 750 randomised patients, sub-divided into 5 different age groups, were given 500 ml of a standard plasma-substitute at a flow rate of 25-30 ml/min. There was direct correlation (p=0.1%) of the frequency of side-effects to the substance used; none, however, to the age or general surgical risk. Side-effects were observed in 21.3% with derivates of gelatin as compared to 3.7% with Macrodex and Plasmasteril combined. The rate of more serious anaphylactoid reactions was 6% with Haemaccel, 1.3% with Gelifundol-S, 0.67% with Macrodex and less than 0.67% with Neo-Plasmagel. The study reveals that serious side-effects may be expected in orthopaedictic patients after application of plasma substitutes. As a prophylactic procedure for those patients we recommend, therefore, the application of these substances only after careful consideration of the indications for their use.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Evaluation of a 4% gelatin solution in the treatment of canine haemorrhagic shock.

The effects of volume replacement with 4% gelatin containing 1% glycine at pH 5.8 and 6.4 on the changes in mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and blood levels of glucose, lactate and urea following acute haemorrhage in dogs were studied. Comparison was made with dogs given homologous blood. Dogs bled 30% of blood volume, maintained in shock for 30 min, and infused with gelatin solutions, showed values of MABP, blood glucose, lactate and urea nitrogen insignificantly different from dogs similarly bled and infused with homologous blood. The responses obtained in dogs infused with gelatin at pH 5.8 were better than at pH 6.4.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of plasma substitutes on the concentration of tissue catecholamines in rats.

The concentration of catecholamines was determined in the brain, heart and adrenals in normovolaemic and hypovolaemic rats after reinfusion of the lost blood and after infusion of equivalent volumes of plasma substitutes (dextran and modified gelatins). After infusion of these preparations in normovolaemic rats noradrenaline concentration increased significantly in the myocardium. It was found also that restoration of normal blood volume by infusion of plasma substitutes prevented changes in catecholamine concentrations induced by hypovolaemia in the brain but not in the adrenals.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1980

Lack of evidence for immunological reactions to polygelatin.

Gelatin-based plasma substitutes resemble denatured collagen in that sequence dependent antigenic sites of collagen may be preserved in these preparations and cause side reactions of such plasma substitutes. We have measured the binding of 125I-collagen in denatured conformation to antibodies and to cold-insoluble globulin (CIG) in sera of patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. About two thirds of the sera bound significant amounts of denatured collagen to immunoglobulins and to CIG. Yet, there was no correlation in individual patients or in groups of patients between the collagen binding capacity of sera and the occurrence of allergic reactions upon infusions of Haemaccel. Furthermore, antibodies to denatured collagen induced in animals did not cross-react with gelatin-based plasma substitutes. Thus, it is not likely that side reactions after infusion of gelatin-based plasma substitutes are caused by immunological reactions between antigens and performed antibodies.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1984

[Heart arrest during dextran infusion despite hapten blockade].

In a running clinical prospective study on the incidence of adverse reactions to colloidal polysaccharides (randomised, single blind, n = 300) a bronchospasm followed by cardiac arrest occurred during dextran infusion although the necessary hapten blockage with monovalent dextran-1 had been effected. Resuscitation was successful. Directly after this, surgery was carried out as planned under general anaesthesia. The 69-year-old patient was discharged without noticeable sequelae. For the first time in the literature on dextran the studied sample allows a generalisation: The event occurred with an incidence of about 0.9% (of 116 patients who had received dextran infusion). This incidence corresponds to a confidence interval ranging from 0.02 to 4.96%. If the study would be continued as planned, the upper limit of this interval signals the probability of another case of severe intolerance. The diagnosis "dextran adverse reaction" can be made in this case by clinical symptoms. Since no previous or concomitant medication had been administered as provided in the protocol to confirm the diagnosis as an adverse reaction to dextran by determination of the titer of dextran antibodies prior to infusion is not required and it may be concluded that dextran was the causative agent.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Shock-treatment in gastro-intestinal-bleeding with 3,5% isocyanate crosslinked polypeptide solution].

In a prospective study infusions of 3,5% isocyanate crosslinked polypeptide solution 500 ml (Haemaccel 3,5%) were given to patients with gastro-intestinal-bleeding for shock treatment and prophylaxis. The increase in intravascular volume was always satisfactory. We did not see any undesirable side effects (anaphylaxis, anaphylactoid reaction, coagulopathy, oliguria).

Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage↗