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PubMed1982

Synchronization of estrus and reproductive performance of ewes treated with synthetic progestogens administered by subcutaneous ear implant or by intravaginal sponge pessary.

Experiments were conducted to compare the efficacy of synthetic progestogens administered by subcutaneous ear implant or intravaginal sponge to induce a synchronized estrus in adult ewes and ewe lambs and to evaluate reproductive performance (fertility and litter size) to breeding at the synchronized estrus. Experimental animals were representative of three strains maintained in total confinement and exposed to a synthetic light regimen which alternated at intervals of 4 mo from 18 h day length to 10 h day length/24 h. Treatments were applied at different times of the year at the end of a low light cycle. Implants contained Norgestomet (3 mg) impregnated in a polymethacrylate polymer (Implant H) or impregnated in a silastic polymer containing 1.05 (Implant S1), 1.78 (Implant S2) or 2.60 mg (Implant S3) Norgestomet, respectively. Intravaginal sponges contained 40 mg Fluorogestone Acetate. Implants or sponges were left in situ for 12 d and 500 IU pregnant mares' serum gonadotropin was injected im at the time of removal. Following treatment with Implant H, 96% of ewes were judged to be in estrus at 48 h after implant removal. Fertility of adult ewes and ewe lambs (6 to 7 mo of age at time of breeding) at the synchronized estrus were similar after implant H or sponge treatment, but litter size was higher (P less than .05) for adult ewes treated with sponges. The percentages of adult ewes marked by rams within 60 h after removal of silastic implants or intravaginal sponges were similar. There was a tendency for ewe lambs to be marked later than adult ewes and for adult ewes treated with Implant S1 and Implant S2 to be marked earlier than ewes treated with Implant S3 or sponges. Higher percentages (P less than .05) of adult ewes and ewe lambs lambed to breeding at the synchronized estrus after treatment with Implant S2 or Implant S3, respectively, than after treatment with Implants S2 or sponges.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effects of suckling, progestogen-impregnated pessaries or hysterectomy on ovarian function in autumn-lambing postpartum ewes.

In three experiments, we examined the effects of suckling, progestogen treatment, hysterectomy or exogenous gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) on ovarian function in autumn-lambing, postpartum ewes. In each experiment, GnRH was injected on approximately d 25 postpartum. Suckling reduced (P less than .01) GnRH-induced release of luteinizing hormone (LH) but not of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and reduced (P less than .05) the proportion of ewes that developed corpora lutea in response to GnRH. Suckling had no effect on duration (8.8 d) of GnRH-induced luteal phases. Progestogen prior to GnRH increased (P less than .01) the duration of the first luteal phase (10.1 vs 7.6 d; progestogen-treated ewes vs control ewes), but progestogen did not affect the release of LH or FSH. Progestogen treatment did not alter the interval from parturition to the first detected estrus (42.6 d). The concentration of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2 alpha (PGFM) just after lambing was greater than 400 pg/ml of jugular plasma, but concentrations of PGFM declined thereafter. Hysterectomy the day after lambing hastened (P less than .001) the decline in concentrations of PGFM, indicating that prostaglandins from the postpartum uterus probably caused the high concentrations of PGFM in jugular plasma. Hysterectomy reduced (P less than .05) the interval from parturition to detectable luteal function (19.6 vs 25.3 d) and enhanced (P less than .001) luteal production of progesterone. This study of autumn-lambing ewes indicates that the uterus has a negative effect on ovarian function and that suckling and progestogen affect ovarian response to GnRH.

Animals↗