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PubMed1980

[Pediculosis].

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Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Pediculosis capitis: a questionnaire survey in 4 schools of the Bordeaux Academy 1990-1991].

A questionnaire survey of head lice treatment was conducted in four schools--each including a nursery and an elementary school--in the Bordeaux area. Two schools were situated in the centre of the city, one in a suburban area and one in a rural area (50 km from the city). Four-page questionnaires were filled in anonymously by the parents in April 1991; 840 answers were obtained (80 p. 100 response rate). Between January 1990 and March 1991, 48.7 p. 100 of children had at least one episode of head lice infestation (infestation rates varied from 38.8 to 62.6 p. 100 depending on the schools); 30.5 p. 100 of children were contaminated for the first time during that period. Lice were detected by the parents in 95 p. 100 of the cases. The prevalence of lice was higher in females (60 p. 100) than in males (40 p. 100). The highest prevalence was noted in the suburban school where 17 p. 100 of the parents were unemployed at the time of the survey. The peak age for head lice was 7, but 19.4 p. 100 of nursery school children aged 2-4 years had been contaminated at least once. Impetigo was rare (1.2 p. 100), and pruritus was noted in only 14.2 p. 100 of the cases. Most children had been contaminated at school. Curative treatment was counselled by a chemist in 87 p. 100 of the cases. Pyrethrins were used in 81 p. 100, and the shampoo (Hegor) plus spray (Paraspecial Poux) association was the most frequent, totalling two-thirds of prescriptions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Child↗
PubMed1994

Efficacy of ivermectin for the treatment of head lice (Pediculosis capitis).

Twenty six male and female patients aged 5 to 17 years who had head lice infestation confirmed by eggs presence and received treatments with a single 200 mu/kg oral dose of ivermectin in open fashion. At day 14 after treatment, 20 responded to the treatment (77%), and 6 patients (23%) presented with a complete disappearance of eggs and all clinical symptoms. At day 28, 7 patients were healed (27%), but 4 patients of the 6 healed at day 14 presented with signs of reinfestation. This study suggests that ivermectin is a promising treatment of head lice, and a second dose at day 10 should be appropriate for a further comparative trial.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Seropositivity against pediculosis in children with cervical lymphadenopathy.

Unlike most arthropod ectoparasites, all human lice spend their entire lives on their hosts. This paper aimed to study the correlation between lice infestation and lymphadenopathy on one hand, and the serum levels of immunoglobulins on the other hand. The association of lymphadenopathy (cervical) and lice infestation is explained by the fact that lymph nodes are stimulated as part of an immune response evoked by the saliva secreted by lice. A marked correlation was found between high serum levels of IgE and pediculous children with cervical lymphadenopathy. This may suggest a new aetiological factor for the enlargement of lymph nodes in Egyptian children.

Child↗
PubMed1978

Pediculosis capitis treated with quassia tincture.

454 patients were treated with quassia tincture for head lice. At examination one week later only three patients had hatched lice. There was firm evidence that these patients had been reinfested. The treatment procedure was acceptable both to patients and to staff and no side-effects were observed. As resistance to clophenothane has appeared, alternative cures are needed. This study confirms earlier reports on the effectiveness of quassia tincture, which seems to be a useful alternative to clophenothane. At present the recommended treatment is two applications with an interval of one week.

Chemical Phenomena↗