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Results for “Organogold Compounds”

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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Tumor necrosis factor microsatellite markers TNFa5b5 and TNFa6b5 influence adverse reactions to parenteral gold in Caucasians.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate which HLA haplotypes identified by DRB1 or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) microsatellite markers are associated with adverse reactions to parenteral gold injections. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 193 Caucasian subjects with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who had received parenteral gold injections from a university faculty outpatient practice (n = 163) and outpatient clinics at a Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center (n = 30). DRB1 typing was done by several DNA based techniques. TNF microsatellite genotypes were derived by polymerase chain reaction amplification, sequencing-type gel electrophoresis, and silver staining. RESULTS: Seventy-six subjects had experienced adverse reactions to gold injections (other than nitritoid reactions), 18 of whom had 2 concurrent toxicities. The numbers with adverse reactions included: mucocutaneous (57), proteinuria (25), hematuria without proteinuria (5), thrombocytopenia (3), and miscellaneous (11). By frequency comparisons, no DR was associated with adverse reactions to parenteral gold (chi-squared 4.7, 6 df, NS). Specifically, there was no increased risk of proteinuria or mucocutaneous side effects in the DR3 positive RA group, almost all of whom had the DRB1 allele *0301. By logistic regression modeling controlling for sex and onset age, DR12 and the TNF microsatellite markers a5b5 and a6b5 were associated with mucocutaneous reactions (p < 0.05 for each). The odds ratios favoring mucocutaneous adverse reactions were 3.72 with TNFa5b5 and 2.03 with TNFa6b5. TNFa5b5 was commonly found on the HLA haplotypes bearing DRB1*0101, and TNFa6b5 was on the ones bearing DRB1 alleles of the DR1, DR2, DR3, DR5, or DR6 groups or the DRB1*0401 allele. CONCLUSION: HLA haplotypes conferring risk of gold induced mucocutaneous reactions were better identified by certain HLA class III markers, namely TNFa5b5 and TNFa6b5, than by any previously associated DR groups.

Antirheumatic Agents↗
PubMed2000

[Drug-induced enterocolitis. Important differential diagnosis in the investigation of diarrhea and intestinal hemorrhage].

This article is a review of the side-effects of drugs affecting the small and large intestines. Pseudomembranous colitis is caused by antibiotics facilitating an overgrowth of Clostridium difficile. A hemorrhagic colitis, generally self-limiting, can be caused by penicillin, amoxycillin and ampicillin. Toxicity of NSAID may induce intestinal ulcers, diaphragm-like strictures, perforation, colitis and relapse of inflammatory bowel disease. Drug-induced lymphocytic colitis has been reported due to ticlopidine, Cyclo 3 Fort, and occasionally by ranitidine, carbamazepine, vinburnine, tardyferon, and flutamide. Sulphasalazine and 5-ASA can cause relapse of ulcerative colitis. Neutropenic enterocolitis is a severe complication to cytotoxic therapy for cancer. Ischemic colitis can be caused by drugs inducing mesenteric vasoconstriction.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The presence of HLA-DR B1 shared motif does not influence cyclophosphamide and methotrexate cytotoxicity in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

In the present study we investigated the relation between cyclophosphamide and methotrexate toxicity and the presence of HLA- DR B1 alleles in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Seventy-eight such patients (67 women and 11 men) were observed for 12 months. Eighteen were treated with intravenous cyclophosphamide, 28 with oral methotrexate, and 32 with intramuscular gold salts. The prevalence of this shared motif was higher in the study population than in the healthy controls. However, detailed observations did not demonstrate a relation between particular genotype and drug intolerance. Based on the obtained findings we concluded that HLA-DR B1 typing cannot affect cyclophosphamide or methotrexate tolerance in rheumatoid arthritis patients. However, taking into account the relatively small number of patients expressing single genotype, further studies are recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Psoriatic arthritis].

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Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed2002

Effects of gold on cytokine production in vitro; increase of monocyte dependent interleukin 10 production and decrease of interferon-gamma levels.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of gold salt on the differential production of proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines in vitro. METHODS: Heparinized blood from 10 blood donors and 10 patients with polyarthritis was density separated and incubated with various concentrations of gold salt [Myocrisin gold sodium thiomalate (GSTM) plus phenyl mercury nitrate]. Cytokine production was measured after incubation for 16-20 h using an Elispot method detecting interleukin 10 (IL-10), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) producing cells. In addition, parallel cell culture supernatants were collected and analyzed by ELISA for IL-10, IL-6, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, and IL-2. In some cultures phytohemagglutinin A (PHA) was added in predefined concentrations. RESULTS: GSTM increased the number of cells producing IL-6 and IL-10 in a dose dependent manner, both with and without simultaneous addition of PHA. These effects were seen in samples from both healthy blood donors and patients with polyarthritis. The increase in IL-10 production was inhibited when monocytes were depleted. No effects of GSTM were seen on IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha producing cells. Parallel supernatant cultures displayed a GSTM dose dependent decrease in IFN-gamma levels after mitogen stimulation, whereas no changes were seen in IL-6 or TNF-alpha levels. CONCLUSION: The differential effects of gold salt on cytokine production, with a marked stimulatory effect on IL- 10 and IL-6, indicate that gold salt may act as a relatively selective immunostimulator rather than as a general immunosuppressant.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine, and intramuscular gold in rheumatoid arthritis: relative area under the curve effectiveness and sequence effects.

OBJECTIVE: The use of disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is predicated on the expected value of the treatment course. Most clinical data are generalized from randomized controlled trials (RCT), which may result in estimates that are discordant with clinical experience and cannot address the effects of sequence of drugs. We computed estimates of relative DMARD effectiveness from a large observational database using area under the curve (AUC) data. METHODS: We examined data collected over a 20 year period on 1160 patients who were followed at the Wichita Arthritis Center. We utilized Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) disability index data to quantify the effect of methotrexate (MTX), hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), and injectable gold (gold) on subsequent patient outcome. Using an AUC analysis, we compared length of treatment course, total disability averted, annual disability averted, and percentage of possible disability averted across drugs, and examined differences between first courses of therapy in DMARD naive patients and subsequent courses of the same and different DMARD in patients. RESULTS: Patients treated with MTX, HCQ, and gold improved at a rate of -0.33, -0.18 and -0.38 annualized HAQ area units, respectively. Since duration taking drug was greatest for MTX, then HCQ, then gold, the cumulative improvement was greatest with MTX (-1.07) versus gold (-0.74) versus HCQ (-0.47) in disability unit years. All 3 drugs were better cumulatively with earlier disease (MTX-1.74 for < 1 yr vs -0.95 for > 1 yr; HCQ -0.68 vs -0.43; gold -1.71 vs -0.49). A second trial of the same drug was far less effective than the first course. On a percentage of possible improvement basis, these drugs were nearly equal since HCQ is given to less severely affected patients. CONCLUSION: MTX is the most effective DMARD of these 3 because of the length the therapeutic segment. In terms of disability averted, none of the agents decrease disability by more than 25% of the theoretically possible improvement. We documented that effectiveness of RA treatment is a function of drug sequence, duration of disease, whether it is a first or second course, and severity of disease. None of these clinically relevant observations have emerged from clinical trials. These methodologic approaches provide important quantitative comparative data and will be useful in further assessment of the relative effectiveness of present and future DMARD.

Antirheumatic Agents↗
PubMed1992

Gold salts and somatostatin: a new combined analgesic treatment for psoriatic arthritis.

In a group of patients affected with psoriatic arthritis the effects of the association between gold salts (GS) and somatostatin (SOM), in comparison with two groups treated with SOM and GS respectively, were investigated. Sixty patients with psoriatic arthritis were selected and randomly allocated in three groups of twenty patients each. Group 1 received SOM infusion (250 micrograms/h for 96 h) and was assessed at baseline and 1, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after; Group 2 received intramuscular GS and was assessed at baseline, four months later, and then every month for four months; Group 3 received GS for 8 months; at the fourth month SOM was infused (as in Group 1) and the patients assessed at baseline four months later and then as Group 1. Assessment was made with the Ritchie index, pain scale and morning stiffness evaluation. Growth hormone was assayed in Group 1 every 4 h for 24 h the day before and the day after SOM infusion. The association between GS and SOM demonstrated a particular analgesic activity, effective on joint pain and tenderness, that lasted for all four months of follow-up. SOM showed a good response only after 15 and 30 days, and GS proved to be effective at about the sixth month of treatment. Side effects were reported in Group 1 (abdominal cramps, mild erythrodermia and supraventricular arrhythmia). A growth hormone circadian rhythm was found in psoriatic patients both before and after SOM treatment. The beneficial effect of the SOM/GS combination is demonstrated in psoriatic arthritis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[A method for the permanent maintainance aurotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis patients under the control of gold excretion].

UNLABELLED: A study is presented of 34 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The authors propose a method of persistently maintained aurotherapy of patients with rheumatoid arthritis directed to prevention of recurrences and toxic effect of gold due to chrysanol treatment, the active substance of which is metallic gold. After course treatment with chrysanol (850-1020 mg) persistent treatment by maintained doses is instituted. RESULTS: prevention of recurrences of the disease and prevention of side effects due to the toxicity of cumulated gold.

Antirheumatic Agents↗