Pasteur notebooks reveal deception.
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Animals↗
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Results for “Notebooks”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
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Professional security notebook: workplace advocacy.
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Documentation↗
Professional security notebook. Healing the workplace family--nurses leading the way.
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Alcoholism↗
Memory rehabilitation of an amnesic patient following limbic encephalitis and a role of family members: a case report.
We describe problems in daily living that arose in a 46-year-old man with severe amnesia following limbic encephalitis. Amnesic symptoms changed from stage I (difficulty in memory retention) to stage II (loss of continuity of memory) and finally to stage III (paramnesia and confused sequence of events), significantly affecting his ability to function. Questionnaire response assessment, directly observed behavior, neuropsychological testing, and especially interviewing permitted qualitative assessment of clinical changes, promoted patient insight into the memory disturbance, and enhanced motivation to use a memory notebook. Additionally, the family gained a better understanding of the disorder, made appropriate environmental modifications, and provided other necessary assistance. Episodic memory improved, and the memory notebook served as an effective compensatory tool. However, disturbance in prospective memory did not improve, and was not compensated adequately by use of the notebook. Anxiety and significant impairment of everyday functioning resulted. Long-term supportive intervention at home was necessary. The patient's wife in particular needed to make environmental adjustments and aid him in use of the notebook.
Amnesia↗
How do the accounts of the patients on pregnancy and birth process enlighten medical team in terms of narrative ethics?
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the patient and the physician, midwife and nurse during the process of pregnancy and birth, and to ascertain the importance of communication within this relationship; find out the experiences of patients about the communication process. METHODS: Three hundred eighty-eight people were interviewed about the pregnancy and birth process. Chi square (chi(2)) and t-tests were used for the statistical evaluation of the data. Forty-nine pregnant women, who were participating in any pregnancy training program, were asked to write down their experiences related to the pregnancy and birth process in a notebook. Thirty-two (65.3%) of these notebooks were taken back 3 months after the delivery, and these notebooks were evaluated within the framework of "narrative ethics" and common themes were found out in order to be discussed in this paper. RESULTS: It is found out that communication skills of doctors and midwives/nurses were of primary importance for all the participants. CONCLUSION: Pregnancy and birth are special processes and being informed is of great importance in this process. Every woman has a story to tell about her pregnancy and birth processes. PRACTICE IMPLICATION: These findings may contribute to the development of new hypotheses. Hence, similar research projects should be conducted, and the findings should be compared.
Adult↗
Power to the portables.
Portable computing devices generally are classified into four categories: laptop, palmtop, notebook, and pen-based computers. If a portable unit weighs over eight pounds, call it a laptop. If a stylus is used to input data, call it pen-based or a pen computer. Palmtops frequently are electronic organizers or resources: Sharp's Wizard line stores appointments and addresses; Franklin's Med-Spell contains Stedman's medical dictionary. Notebooks often incorporate a QWERT keyboard, and sometimes include a pointing device. NEC's notebooks in 1988 were the first sub-laptop computers. According to a 1992 report from Market Intelligence Research Corp., Mountain View, Calif., 4.6 million sub-laptops were sold in 1991 for $2.6 billion. By 1998 the market may reach $25 billion. The report predicts that one sub-category of pen computers, which are designed to be held in one hand while information is input with a pen-like stylus, will prove most useful to the health-care industry. Pen tablets, as opposed to pen clipboards, use faster, more expensive processors, store more data, and "are expected to allow [caregivers] to carry full patient charting with them ... and allow information to be recorded directly to patient files." Sub-laptops are on-line in many healthcare facilities: Greenwich hospital, Stanford University Medical Clinic, Humana Hospital Audubon, Rancho Los Amigos Medical Center, and others.
Catalogs, Commercial as Topic↗
A full 3D-navigation system in a suitcase.
OBJECTIVE: To reduce the impact of contemporary 3D-navigation systems on the environment of typical otorhinolaryngologic operating rooms, we demonstrate that a transfer of navigation software to modern high-power notebook computers is feasible and results in a practicable way to provide positional information to a surgeon intraoperatively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The ARTMA Virtual Patient System has been implemented on a Macintosh PowerBook G3 and, in connection with the Polhemus FASTRAK digitizer, provides intraoperative positional information during endoscopic endonasal surgery. RESULTS: Satisfactory intraoperative navigation has been realized in two- and three-dimensional medical image data sets (i.e., X-ray, ultrasound images, CT, and MR) and live video. CONCLUSIONS: This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that acceptable ergonomics and excellent performance of the system can be achieved with contemporary high-end notebook computers.
Humans↗
Preliminary results achieved by a computer-assisted system for controlled balloon dilatation of coronary and peripheral arteries.
In percutaneous balloon angioplasty the extent of trauma to the vessel as determined by slope of balloon inflation, peak pressure, and inflation time is crucial to the success of the intervention. These parameters are still not standardized and hence open to the operator. To elucidate this problem, a computer-assisted PTCA system (CAPS) was developed. CAPS is composed of a motor driven unit, a central processing and power unit, and a notebook. A syringe is clamped onto the motor unit and connected to a pressure gauge. CAPS may be linked to all types of balloon catheters. The notebook allows for preselection of peak pressure, slope of pressure increase, and inflation time. During balloon inflation, adjustments are made in a closed-loop system. On a screen, the inflation process is supervised in digital numbers and analogous curves. After the procedure, patient data and inflation curves may be recalled for analysis. In conclusion, CAPS by controlled inflation theoretically may reduce the mechanical trauma to the arteries. Further refinements should aim at gaining information on the lesions' characteristics and on the dilatation process itself.
Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
Development and use of a virtual NMR facility.
We have developed a "virtual NMR facility" (VNMRF) to enhance access to the NMR spectrometers in Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL). We use the term virtual facility to describe a real NMR facility made accessible via the Internet. The VNMRF combines secure remote operation of the EMSL's NMR spectrometers over the Internet with real-time videoconferencing, remotely controlled laboratory cameras, real-time computer display sharing, a Web-based electronic laboratory notebook, and other capabilities. Remote VNMRF users can see and converse with EMSL researchers, directly and securely control the EMSL spectrometers, and collaboratively analyze results. A customized Electronic Laboratory Notebook allows interactive Web-based access to group notes, experimental parameters, proposed molecular structures, and other aspects of a research project. This paper describes our experience developing a VNMRF and details the specific capabilities available through the EMSL VNMRF. We show how the VNMRF has evolved during a test project and present an evaluation of its impact in the EMSL and its potential as a model for other scientific facilities. All Collaboratory software used in the VNMRF is freely available from www.emsl.pnl.gov:2080/docs/collab.
Communication↗
An automated data acquisition system for isolated tissue studies.
The automation of an isolated atria assay is described. Data acquisition, operation of the strip chart recorder, data reduction and manipulation and generation of notebook pages showing final EC50's, dose-ratios and local pA2's has been completely automated. The data are acquired via a SYM-1 (6502 CPU) 8-bit single board computer running an assembly language program stored on an EPROM chip. The data from a physiological recorder system are stored by the SYM-1 and, at the conclusion of the experiment, transmitted to a DEC MINC-11 microminicomputer running a sequence of programs in BASIC for the mathematical manipulation of the data and the automatic generation of lab notebook pages. The automated system totally eliminates hand transcription of data, manual plotting of curves and mathematical errors.
Animals↗
Performance improvement with a hybrid FOCUS-PDCA methodology.
BACKGROUND: In 1995 a team of three members of the quality improvement (QI) department at Hardin Memorial Hospital, Elizabethtown, Kentucky, constructed a unified, simple system of tools and activities drawing on the foundation of FOCUS-PDCA and integrating it with the Joint Commission Improving Organizational Performance (IOP) function and language. METHOD: The team developed documentation tools and educational activities to support each part of the cycle for improving performance: plan--a planning workshop; design--a hybrid FOCUS-PDCA model; measure and assess--a three-part indicator workshop; and measure, assess, and improve--a redesigned QI report form. To document the entire cycle, the team developed an IOP Notebook and a workshop introducing it. Requirements for process design were established based on the standards. Next, the C phase, traditionally interpreted to clarify the current process by flowcharting, was broadened to include internal and external clarification of the process. APPENDIX-USING THE FOCUS--PDCA HYBRID TO REDESIGN AN ANTIBIOGRAM: The hybrid model's hallmark is its flexibility in supporting projects where the need for redesign over improvement is not clear at the outset. In a year-long study in 1995, a "Critter Ridder" Team at Hardin Memorial Hospital used the model to design an innovative antibiogram. In the C phase, customer input was gathered from physicians and a literature search was conducted to identify other antibiogram formats. The team constructed the antibiogram to meet key quality characteristics-accessibility, information, accuracy, timelines, and layout. Documentation on the IOP Notebook templates demonstrates the team's implementation of the performance improvement standards in its design.
Data Collection↗
Using a CQI team to produce a more efficient nursing home placement process.
BACKGROUND: Caldwell Memorial Hospital, a 120-bed not-for-profit community facility in a rural area in western North Carolina, is within a 12-mile radius of three 120-bed skilled nursing facilities. Generally, one-fourth to one-third of its inpatients are from a nursing home. THE NURSING HOME PLACEMENT PROCESS PROJECT: Since 1992 Caldwell has utilized the data-driven, six-step Juran method for its continuous quality improvement (CQI) projects. A CQI team working on social workers' efficiency and visibility recommended that another team begin work on the nursing home placement process. Area nursing homes complained that they were not receiving their fair share of referrals and that transfer documentation was, at times, lacking. THE TEAM ARRIVES AT REMEDIES: The nursing home placement process was streamlined and forms were improved and standardized. A notebook was created and procedures for nursing home placement and for using forms were placed in this notebook. In addition, the team identified and created the long term care fax list, which included all 28 facilities within a 50-mile radius. IMPLEMENTATION: A pilot project involving 23 patients was conducted from July 24, 1995, until August 31, 1995. With successful results, the decision was made to replicate the new nursing home placement process with all other nursing homes. The team held an open house at the hospital. RESULTS: There have been no complaints from the nursing homes through 1996. The team spirit that originated during the team time carried over into everyday work, resulting in a better relationship between the hospital and nursing home staffs.
Decision Making↗
Spectral characteristics of light sources for S-cone stimulation.
PURPOSE: Electrophysiological investigations of the short-wavelength sensitive pathway of the human eye require the use of a suitable light source as a S-cone stimulator. Different light sources with their spectral distribution properties were investigated and compared with the ideal S-cone stimulator. METHODS: First, the theoretical background of the calculation of relative cone energy absorption from the spectral distribution function of the light source is summarized. From the results of the calculation, the photometric properties of the ideal S-cone stimulator will be derived. The calculation procedure was applied to virtual light sources (computer generated spectral distribution functions with different medium wavelengths and spectrum widths) and to real light sources (blue and green light emitting diodes, blue phosphor of CRT-monitor, multimedia projector, LCD monitor and notebook display). The calculated relative cone absorbencies are compared to the conditions of an ideal S-cone stimulator. RESULTS: Monochromatic light sources with wavelengths of less than 456 nm are close to the conditions of an ideal S-cone stimulator. Spectrum widths up to 21 nm do not affect the S-cone activation significantly (S-cone activation change < 0.2%). Blue light emitting diodes with peak wavelength at 448 nm and spectrum bandwidth of 25 nm are very useful for S-cone stimulation (S-cone activation approximately 95%). A suitable display for S-cone stimulation is the Trinitron computer monitor (S-cone activation approximately 87%). The multimedia projector has a S-cone activation up to 91%, but their spectral distribution properties depends on the selected intensity. LCD monitor and notebook displays have a lower S-cone activation (< or = 74%). CONCLUSION: Carefully selecting the blue light source for S-cone stimulation can reduce the unwanted L-and M-cone activation down to 4% for M-cones and 1.5% for L-cones.
Humans↗
Computer-automated clinical technique for tinnitus quantification.
This study addresses the need for uniformity in techniques for clinical quantification of tinnitus. Because automation can be an effective means to achieve standardization, this laboratory is developing techniques to perform computer-automated tinnitus testing. The present study was conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining reliable tinnitus measures using a fully automated system. A computer-controlled psychoacoustical system was developed to quantify tinnitus loudness and pitch using a tone-matching technique. Hearing thresholds were also obtained as part of the procedure. The system generated test stimuli and simultaneously controlled a notebook computer positioned in the sound chamber facing the patient. The notebook computer displayed instructions for responding and relayed response choices through on-screen "buttons" that the patient touched with a pen device. Twenty individuals with tinnitus were evaluated with the technique over two sessions, and responses were analyzed for test-retest reliability. Analyses revealed good reliability of thresholds, loudness matches, and pitch matches. These results demonstrate that use of a fully automated system to obtain reliable measurements of tinnitus loudness and pitch is feasible for clinical application.
Adult↗
A virtual instrument (VI) for haemodynamic management in ICU and during surgery.
Systolic pressure variations (SPV) during mechanical ventilation and its single components, related to short apnea, reflect changes of the volemic condition of the patient. To introduce their determination during clinical monitoring for different fluid states and for different tidal volumes, they must be computed on-line without introducing interference with standard activities. A system computing on-line systolic pressure variation during mechanical ventilation, connected to standard monitoring devices, has been proposed. It is based on a notebook PC implemented with graphical software comprising a user panel in the form of a virtual instrument and is able to acquire, process and present signals from different instruments utilized in ICU and during surgery. It can be used as a base to assess the ability of computed parameters helpful in clinical decision. The use of a notebook PC and open software allows operators, even if non-expert in computer science, to test and implement this, as well as other innovative tools in clinical practice.
Blood Pressure Determination↗
Portable and programmable clinical EOG diagnostic system.
Monitoring eye movements is clinically important in diagnosis of diseases of the central nervous system. Electrooculography (EOG) is one method of obtaining such records which uses skin electrodes, and utilizes the anterior posterior polarization of the eye. A new EOG diagnostic system has been developed that utilizes two off-the-shelf portable notebook computers, one projector and simple electronic hardware. It can be operated under Windows 95, 98, NT, and has significant advantages over any other similar equipment, including programmability, portability, improved safety and low cost. Especially, portability of the instrument is extremely important for acutely ill or handicapped patients. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the techniques of computer animation, data acquisition, real time analysis of measured data, and database management to implement a portable, programmable and inexpensive contacting EOG instrument. It is very convenient to replace the present expensive, inflexible and large-sized commercially available EOG instruments. A lot of interesting stimulation patterns for clinical application can be created easily in different shape, time sequence, and colour by programming in Delphi language. With the help of Winstar (a software package that is used to control I/O and interrupt functions of the computer under Windows 95, 98, NT), the I/O communication between two notebook computers and A/D interface module can be effectively programmed. In addition, the new EOG diagnostic system is battery operated and it has the advantages of low noise as well as isolation from electricity. Two kinds of EOG tests, pursuit and saccade, were performed on 20 normal subjects with this new portable and programmable instrument. Based on the test result, the performance of the new instrument is superior to the other commercially available instruments. In conclusion, we hope that it will be more convenient for doctors and researchers to do the clinical EOG diagnosis and basic medical science research by using this new creation.
Adult↗
Quality science and quality assurance: observations of an environmental scientist.
The purpose of this manuscript is to examine the relationship between quality science (QS) and quality assurance (QA). Many research scientists definitely want to do QS, but are afraid or do not want to do QA because they are intimidated by the QA process or they do not appreciate the benefits of QA. Therefore, the relationship between QS and QA is examined in this manuscript by an environmental scientist who has conducted 30 years of research in university, contract and government laboratories. To start, QS is defined in this paper as data that are published in the peer-reviewed literature. The quality of the research data is assumed by the general scientific population to be directly proportional to the status of the journal. For example, it is highly prestigious to have an article published in Science. At the U.S. EPA, the procedure for sending a manuscript to a journal for publication is the responsibility of the senior author. The senior author of an EPA-sponsored manuscript is expected to have the manuscript reviewed by the coauthors (they should also review the data), then the manuscript must be reviewed by at least two other scientists, one of whom must be from outside the authors' division. After this review and approval by management, the manuscript is sent to a peer-reviewed journal, where it is reviewed by several anonymous scientists as determined by the journal. After the comments of the reviewers are addressed, the manuscript can either be accepted or rejected for publication by the journal. For the purpose of this manuscript, the definition of QA is defined as the guarantee from a review team that the entire study was adequately and correctly conducted and recorded according to the study protocol. Many scientists view QS and QA as separate entities. From the scientist's perspective, QA procedures are not applicable to research studies, and should be used only for studies that will be submitted to either the EPA or the FDA for regulatory approval (i.e., Good Laboratory Practice [GLP] studies). However, QA can be applied to both types of studies. A QA review will examine all aspects of the study including data files (notebooks, protocols), as well as equipment, sample storage, actual experimental organisms (animals or cells) and the management of all study records. The data from a QA-reviewed study are therefore more defensible in a court of law, and more reproducible due to more through, chronological records. Generally speaking, few coauthors of a scientific manuscript analyze the raw data in the laboratory notebooks or inspect the laboratory equipment. Furthermore, coauthors generally have not been in the laboratory where the research was conducted in order to observe quality control measures. These are the areas where a QA review is extremely beneficial. In summary, data in the peer-reviewed literature do not undergo the same type of review as do data that have undergone a QA review. QA reviews assist EPA scientists in conducting and improving their research studies by identifying both excellent study practices and study deficiencies to be addressed, which thereby produces higher quality scientific data. In the opinion of this EPA Scientist and QA Manager, although QA reviews do require effort from the scientist, data from research studies are strengthened by QA review when compared to data from peer-reviewed studies that have not undergone a QA review. QA reviews should be viewed as part of the entire research process--a part that improves the overall quality of the data.
Environmental Monitoring↗
acmgscaler: an R package and Colab for standardized gene-level variant effect score calibration within the ACMG/AMP framework.
MOTIVATION: A genome-wide variant effect calibration method was recently developed under the guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP), following ClinGen recommendations for variant classification. While genome-wide approaches offer clinical utility, emerging evidence highlights the need for gene- and context-specific calibration to improve accuracy. Building on previous work, we have developed an algorithm tailored to converting functional scores from both multiplexed assays of variant effects (MAVEs) and computational variant effect predictors (VEPs) into ACMG/AMP evidence strengths. RESULTS: Our method is designed to deliver consistent performance across different genes and score distributions, with all variables adaptively determined from the input data, preventing selective adjustments or overfitting that could inflate evidence strengths beyond empirical support. To facilitate adoption, we introduce acmgscaler, a lightweight R package and a plug-and-play Google Colab notebook for the calibration of custom datasets. This algorithmic framework bridges the gap between MAVEs/VEPs and clinically actionable variant classification. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: The R package and Colab notebook are available at https://github.com/badonyi/acmgscaler.
Software↗